Solutions for Exterior Orientation in Photogrammetry: A Review     

Pierre Grussenmeyer  & Omar Al Khalil 《The Photogrammetric Record》2002,17(100):615-634

The determination of the attitude, the position and the intrinsic geometric characteristics of the camera is recognised as the fundamental photogrammetric problem. It can be summarised as the determination of camera interior and exterior orientation parameters, as well as the determination of 3D coordinates of object points. The term "exterior orientation"of an image refers to its position and orientation related to an exterior (object space) coordinate system. Several methods can be applied to determine the parameters of the orientation of one, two or more photos. The orientation can be processed in steps (as relative and absolute orientation) but simultaneous methods (such as bundle adjustments) are now available in many software packages. Several methods have also been developed for the orientation of single images. They are based in general on geometric and topological characteristics of imaged objects.
This paper presents a survey of classical and modern methods for the determination of the exterior parameters in photogrammetry, some of which are available as software packages (with practical examples) on the Internet. The methods presented are classified in three principal groups. In the first, a selection of approximate methods for applications that do not require great accuracy is presented. Such methods are also used to calculate values required for iterative processes. In the second group, standard point–based methods derived from collinearity, coplanarity or coangularity conditions are briefly reviewed, followed by line–based approaches. The third group represents orientation methods based on constraints and on concepts of projective geometry, which are becoming of increasing interest for photogrammetrists. In the last section, the paper gives a summary of existing strategies for automatic exterior orientation in aerial photogrammetry.  相似文献   

Differences in the concentrations of atmospheric trace gases in and above the tropical boundary layer     

R. A. Rasmussen  M. A. K. Khalil 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1981,119(5):990-997

Weekly air samples were collected at Cape Kumakahi (0 km) and at nearby Mauna Loa Observatory (3.4 km) which is above the boundary layer. EC/GC and GC/FID techniques were used to measure CH₃I, CHCl₃, CO and CH₄, which are largely natural in origin, and C₂Cl₄, CCl₄, CH₃, CCl₃, CCl₃F (F-11), CCl₂F₂ (F-12), CHClF₂ (F-22) and C₂F₃Cl₃ (F-113), which are due to anthropogenic activities. It was found that all these gases are significantly (0.05) more abundant in the boundary layer than above it.  相似文献   

Comparison of SEBAL,METRIC, and ALARM algorithms for estimating actual evapotranspiration of wheat crop     

Asadi  Mehdi  Kamran  Khalil Valizadeh 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2022,149(1-2):327-337

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Evapotranspiration is one of the main components of water balance and its accurate estimation is of great importance in planning and optimizing water...  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal analysis of the drought vulnerability and risks over eight decades in a semi-arid region (Tensift basin: Morocco)     

Fniguire  Fatima  Laftouhi  Nour-Eddine  Saidi  Mohamed Elmehdi  Zamrane  Zineb  El Himer  Hicham  Khalil  Nourddine 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,129(1-2):321-339

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The multiple downscaled scenario products allow us to assess the uncertainty of the variations of precipitation and temperature in the current and future...  相似文献   

Inverse geochemical modeling of groundwater salinization in Azraq Basin,Jordan     

Khalil M. Ibrahim  Ali R. El-Naqa 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(10):237

The aim is to define the mechanism of chemical reactions that are responsible for the salinization of the Azraq basin along groundwater flow path, using inverse modeling technique by PHREEQC Interactive 2.8 for Windows. The chemical analysis of representative groundwater samples was used to predict the causes of salinization of groundwater. In addition, the saturation indices analysis was used to characterize the geochemical processes that led to the dissolution of mineral constituents within the groundwater aquifer system. According to the modeling results, it was noted that the groundwater at the recharge area was undersaturated with respect to calcite, dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite, and halite. Thus, the water dissolved these minerals during water rock interaction, and therefore, the concentration of Ca, Mg, Na, and SO₄ increased along the groundwater flow path. Furthermore, the groundwater at the discharge area was oversaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. This meant that the water would precipitate these minerals along the flow path, while the water was undersaturated with respect to gypsum and halite throughout the simulated path; this showed the dissolution processes that take place during water-rock interaction. Therefore, the salinity of the groundwater increased significantly along the groundwater flow paths.  相似文献   

Correction to: The efficiency of horizontal to vertical spectral ratio technique for buried monuments delineation (case study,Saqqara (Zoser) pyramid,Egypt)     

Amin E. Khalil  Abdel Hafiez H E 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(5):86

  相似文献   

Late Cryogenian arc-related volcaniclastic metasediment successions at Wadi Hammuda,Central Eastern Desert,Egypt: geology and geochemistry     

Ahmed E. Khalil  Hatem M. El-Desoky  Taher M. Shahin  Wael Abdelwahab 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(4):74

Wadi Hammuda is dominated by a variety of low grade regionally metamorphosed volcaniclastic metasediments pertaining to two different geotectonic settings and intruded by arc and late collision granitic rocks. Thus, the volcaniclastic metasediments which form extensive outcrops are considered as a member of island arc assemblages. This paper deals with the petrography, geochemistry, and tectonic setting of the island arc volcaniclastic metasediment rock units. The volcaniclastic metasediments consist of interbedded metagreywackes, metasiltstones, metamudstones, and schists as well as metapyroclastics. They are well foliated, crenulated and tightly folded, metamorphosed, and intruded by granitic rocks. Geochemical data support the petrographic classification and reveal that these volcaniclastic metasediments are generally low-K, essentially tholeiitic in character, with the exception of some metasediments and metapyroclastics which exhibits calc-alkaline and tholeiitic affinities and represent the first stage of island arc volcanism. The overthrusted oceanic lithosphere blocks with fragments of the fore arc and/or back-arc marginal basins volcaniclastic metasediments were incorporated among the island arc volcanics which supported by tectonically relationship between the different rock units in the study area. Contemporaneous with this deformation event, Wadi Hammuda was subjected to low grade regional metamorphism and the rocks document an early phase of shearing and/or foliation. Occasionally minor folds were developed particularly in the metasediments and schists. The subsequent emplacement of the syn-tectonic granites (tonalites and granodiorites) resulted in minor local thrusts. During the regional thrusting event which preceded the emplacement of the late-tectonic granites (alkali feldspar granites) and affected the whole region, low grade successions cover the study area similar to the Meatiq volcaniclastic metasediments.  相似文献   

巴基斯坦山达克矿区ASTER遥感数据、蚀变信息提取及找矿预测     

刘磊  蒲小楠  洪俊  张辉善  YASIR Shaheen Khalil 《地质论评》2022,68(6):2381-2395

巴基斯坦查盖火山岩浆岩带属于特提斯成矿域的重要组成部分之一,是巴基斯坦境内最重要的斑岩型铜矿带,但目前其相关的遥感研究还较少,制约了对该成矿带的找矿潜力分析。笔者等以山达克矿床及其周边为研究区,对先进星载热辐射与反射辐射计(Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer, ASTER)数据进行RBD (Relative absorption band depth)比值假彩色合成、主成分分析、光谱角制图等处理,获得蚀变遥感异常信息分布特征,通过对蚀变特征和主要控矿要素进行遥感研究,建立了山达克矿床遥感找矿模型并开展成矿预测,为该成矿带矿产勘查提供借鉴。根据建立的遥感找矿模型,圈定了找矿预测靶区10处。对矿区东矿体和矿区北部的2个靶区进行野外验证,证实了提取结果与实际地质事实吻合较好,对矿区岩石样品进行光谱实测,表明样品实测光谱曲线与标准矿物光谱曲线的吸收特征位置高度相似,证实了研究区绢云母化、青磐岩化等蚀变较强且分布较广。结果表明本次研究提取的矿化蚀变结果可信度较高,可为后续找矿勘查工作提供参考。  相似文献   

Contributions of hydrogeophysics to the hydrogeological conceptual model of the Albufeira-Ribeira de Quarteira coastal aquifer in Algarve,Portugal   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Alain P. Francés  Elsa C. Ramalho  Judite Fernandes  Michel Groen  Rui Hugman  Mohamed A. Khalil  Joel De Plaen  Fernando A. Monteiro Santos 《Hydrogeology Journal》2015,23(7):1553-1572

  相似文献   

Hydro/Engineering Geophysical Parameters and Design Response Spectrum for Sustainable Development in Ras Muhammed National Park,Sinai     

Mohamed H. Khalil  Mohamed A. Gamal 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2016,173(6):2101-2118

  相似文献