The characteristics of asymmetric pedestrian behavior: A preliminary study using passive smartphone location data          下载免费PDF全文

Nick Malleson  Anthony Vanky  Behrooz Hashemian  Paolo Santi  Santosh K. Verma  Theodore K. Courtney  Carlo Ratti 《Transactions in GIS》2018,22(2):616-634

Understanding the movements of people is essential for the design and management of urban areas. This article presents a novel approach to understanding the asymmetry in route choice (i.e., the degree to which people choose different walking routes for their outbound and return journeys). The study utilizes a large volume of traces of individual routes, captured using a smartphone application. The routes are aggregated to a regular grid, and matrix statistics are developed to estimate the aggregate degree of route asymmetry for different types of route (shortest, longest, weekday, weekend, etc.). The results suggest that people change their route approximately 15% of the time. Although this varied little when observing trips made at the weekend or on a weekday, people taking journeys that deviated substantially from the shortest possible path were 6 percentage points less likely to change their routes than those taking journeys that were closest to the shortest path (14 and 20% asymmetry, respectively). The absolute length also impacted on the asymmetry of journeys, but not as substantially. This result is important because, for the first time, it reports a correlation between deviation from shortest route and aggregate pedestrian choice.  相似文献   

Mobilizing policy: Models, methods, and mutations   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Jamie Peck  Nik Theodore 《Geoforum》2010,41(2):169-174

Introducing the special issue on “Mobilizing policy,” the paper contrasts orthodox approaches to policy transfer with an emerging body of work in the interdisciplinary field critical policy studies. The governing metaphors in this latter body of work are those of mobility and mutation (rather than transfer, transit, and transaction), policymaking dynamics being conceived in terms of reproduction across and between sites of innovation/emulation (rather than interjurisdictional replication). Distinctive contributions of the following collection of papers are highlighted in the context of an emergent “policy mobilities” approach.  相似文献   

Diversity and genetic differentiation in Artemia species and populations detected by AFLP markers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yi Sun  Wen-Qin Song  Yi-Cheng Zhong  Run-Sheng Zhang  Theodore J. Abatzopoulos  Rui-Yang Chen 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1999,8(4):341-350

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers were successfully employed to analyze 15Artemia species and strains for genetic diversity. AFLP markers are extremely sensitive to even a small sequence variation. They are stable and more polymorphic than RAPD. Twelve pairs of primer combinations were used to detect AFLP bands, of which 384 were polymorphic, and DNA fingerprintings were obtained by using silver staining. The polymorphism analysis leads us to the following conclusions: 1.Artemia tibetiana seems to differentiate fromA. sinica. 2. The parthenogenetic populations from inland salt lakes could follow an evolutionary path that is different from that of the coastal parthenogenetic populations.  相似文献   

USGS hosts surface water modelling clearinghouse     

Theodore A Endreny 《水文研究》2000,14(14):2611-2612

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