Spectral features of geomagnetic low point displacement and its mechanism     

张学民  钱家栋  王亚丽  赵旭  欧阳新艳  赵庶凡 《地震学报(英文版)》2008,21(5):474-484

In this paper,Changli station in Hebei Province was taken as an example,in which the minute data of geomagnetic Z component was used to analyze the spectral values of its main frequencies during normal time,geomagnetic storm time and low point displacement time interval respectively. After fitting of ten high spectral values to loga-rithmic functions,it is found that,by using same length of data,the spectral values at geomagnetic storm time in-crease apparently compared with those at normal time,especially at the high frequency segment. While low point displacement occurred,the spectral values at high frequency are approximate to those at normal time,but at period above 4 hours they are mostly lower than those at normal time. Comparison of accumulating of some FFT results at low point displacement and normal time shows that,spectral values at periods of 8.5 and 13.7 hours increase at low point displacement time relative to those at normal time. Compared with the images of Ne observed at DE-METER satellite,it is illustrated that the occurrence of geomagnetic low point displacement is well corresponding with the increase of Ne in ionosphere. Finally it was discussed about those spectral features and the occurrence mechanism of geomagnetic low point displacement.  相似文献   

Ionospheric electromagnetic perturbations observed on DEMETER satellite before Chile M7.9 earthquake   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xuemin Zhang Jiadong Qian Xinyan Ouyang Xuhui Shen Jin’an Cai  Shufan Zhao Institute of Earthquake Science  China Earthquake Administration  Beijing  China 《地震学报(英文版)》2009,(3):251-255

Based on the ionospheric electromagnetic data observed on DEMETER satellite of France, the ionospheric electromagnetic signals were analyzed within 10 days before Chile M7.9 earthquake on November 14, 2007. It is found that, low frequency electromagnetic disturbances began to increase in a large scale of latitude, and reached to a maximum one week prior to the earthquake, and at about three days before the quake, the peak values shifted to lower latitude. Taking three days as a group, spatial images of a fe...  相似文献   

柴达木盆地三湖地区第四系沉积相与生物气成藏   总被引：30，自引：3，他引：27       下载免费PDF全文

党玉琪  张道伟  徐子远  侯泽生 《古地理学报》2004,6(1):110-118

柴达木盆地三湖地区第四系蕴藏着巨大的生物气资源,目前已探明加控制天然气储量接近3×1011m3。更新世时期,柴达木盆地的湖相沉积主要分布在三湖(吉乃尔湖、涩聂湖和达布逊湖)地区,自山前至盆地中心依次发育了冲积扇、河流三角洲和湖相沉积,其中湖相沉积分布最为广泛。早更新世湖相沉积开始形成,中更新世湖相沉积扩张并且达到鼎盛,晚更新世湖相沉积开始萎缩并形成盐湖沉积。中、早更新世冰川的出现和青藏高原的崛起使柴达木盆地的古气候变得干旱寒冷,沉积水体温度较低,盐度较高。本区第四纪独特的沉积环境是形成大型生物气藏最重要的地质条件。高盐度的水体环境减缓了有机质的降解速度,长期的低温条件抑制了甲烷菌的活动,避免了沉积有机质在沉积浅埋阶段的过量消耗,推迟了生物产气的高峰期。而三湖地区巨厚的第四系暗色泥岩和频繁发育的砂岩提供了充足的气源条件和构成了良好的生储盖组合。  相似文献   

Bo Xian (LL3.9): Oxygen‐isotopic and mineralogical characterisation of separated chondrules     

Chunlai LI  John C. BRIDGES  Robert HUTCHISON  Ian A. FRANCHI  Arabelle S. SEXTON  Ziyuan OUYANG  Colin T. PILLINGER 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2000,35(3):561-568

Abstract— We report the results of a mineralogical and O‐isotopic study of 362 chondrules disaggregated from the Bo Xian chondrite. The range of mineral compositions (Fa = 0.8–31.2%, mean = 23.5%, mode = 27–28%) are consistent with a reclassification of this meteorite from LL4 to LL3.9. Chondrule diameters range from 0.20 to 3.40 mm (mean = 0.74 mm) in the disaggregated population. A lower mean diameter (0.64 mm) calculated from thin‐section measurements partly reflects the high proportion of chondrule fragments. The chondrule size distribution, which is approximately log‐normal, is consistent with size‐sorting mechanisms. This sorting could be linked to the fragmentation of many chondrules on the parent body. However, in detail, the variation in diameter of different chondrule types and a hiatus in the size distribution at 0.6 mm indicate that there may have been complex controls perhaps partly being determined by the chondrule formation mechanism. Seven percent of the sectioned chondrules (102) contain chemically fractionated mineral assemblages: cristobalite‐bearing and Al‐rich. This significant degree of chemical heterogeneity probably resulted from both igneous and volatility controls. Oxygen‐isotopic compositions were determined on mineral separates and 16 of the sectioned chondrules. Three separate isotopic exchange events have been identified. The dominant one is a low‐temperature hydrous gas‐solid exchange event between ¹⁶O‐rich solid and ¹⁶O‐poor gas reservoirs that lay along a slope 1.0 line on three‐isotope plots. Partial equilibration with the gas by feldspar and cristobalite, which exchanged more rapidly than olivine or pyroxene, led to formation of a slope 0.77 mixing line for Bo Xian and other LL chondrites. Mineralogy is the dominant control on the extent of this exchange; no relationship between isotopic composition and chondrule texture or size was identified. The feldspar separate and cristobalite‐rich chondrules have the most ¹⁶O‐poor compositions. Subsequently, thermal metamorphism in the parent body led to partial isotopic equilibration between the different mineral phases. A third exchange event, predating the other two events, is probably shown by one of the Al‐rich chondrules. This has an ¹⁶O‐rich composition, lying below the terrestrial fractionation line. Another Al‐rich chondrule has a normal ordinary chondrite isotopic composition. It is not clear whether the isotopic fractionation recorded in some Al‐rich chondrules can be achieved by the dominant gas‐solid exchange. Instead, the precursor O to the mineral phases may have become ¹⁶O‐rich during an earlier phase of mass‐independent fractionation.  相似文献   

The evolution of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): an aftershock study of the 1981 earthquakes   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

G. C. P. King  Z. X. Ouyang  P. Papadimitriou  A. Deschamps  J. Gagnepain  G. Houseman  J. A. Jackson  C. Soufleris  J. Virieux 《Geophysical Journal International》1985,80(3):677-693

Summary. A preliminary study of the aftershocks of three earthquakes that occurred near to Corinth (Greece) in 1981 is combined with observations of the morphology and faulting to understand the evolution of the Eastern Gulf of Corinth. The well located aftershocks form a zone 60km long and 20km wide. They do not lie on the main fault planes and are mostly located between the north-dipping faulting on which the first two earthquakes occurred and the south-dipping faulting associated with the third event. A cluster of aftershocks also lies in the footwall of the eastern end of the south-dipping fault of the third event.
Morphologically, it is observed that in the evolution of the Eastern Gulf of Corinth, antithetic faulting apparently predates the appearance of the main faulting at the surface. This evolution can be explained by motion on a deep seated, shallow angle, aseismic normal fault. A model based on such a fault also accounts for the aftershock distribution of the 1981 earthquakes.  相似文献   

基于GIS的三峡工程万州库区滑坡灾害信息系统     

魏学勇  周昊  欧阳祖熙 《地壳构造与地壳应力文集》2008,(0)

三峡工程万州库区滑坡灾害监测系统已经平稳运行5年时间,并获取了大量的观测数据,如何处理分析这些数据已成为一个重要问题。作者在综合分析各种监测数据特征的基础上,开发了滑坡灾害信息系统。该信息系统是以MapInfo为依托平台,以可视化编程语言VISUAL C++为开发工具,采用地图集成开发模式完成的。本文首先介绍了系统的研制目标和开发环境,以及地图数据和观测数据的组织和构成;而后介绍了系统的体系结构和主要功能;最后,作者介绍了系统开发中所运用到的地图集成及信息回调等关键技术和方法。该信息系统已经成为管理和处理各种类型的监测数据的强大的工具,并在相关部门获得了成功的应用。实践也证明地图集成开发是一种较为有效的GIS应用的开发模式。  相似文献   

1950~2011年渤海地区海表风场的季节特征与多尺度变化分析     

任惠茹  李国胜  郭腾蛟  张悦  欧阳宁雷 《地理科学》2017,37(9):1430-1438

基于1950~2011年的NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对渤海10 m风场的风速与风向变化进行多尺度分析。利用小波分析、交叉谱分析等方法对渤海海域的海表风速、风向的变化趋势以及周期进行研究。分析发现：渤海地区海表风的风向与风速除了存在显著的季节性变化特征外,在年际、年代际的变化尺度上也有明显的周期性。风向存在1 a、8.7 a、15.8 a的显著周期,风速存在1 a、6.3 a、15 a的显著周期。风向与风速在时间尺度分别为20 a、5.71 a、2.67 a时存在显著共振周期;共振周期受东亚季风、西太平副热带高压的年际、年代际变化的影响呈现出多尺度变化周期。  相似文献   

Design of bentonite/crushed rock seals     

S. Ouyang  J. J. K. Daemen 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1991,9(1):63-72

Summary The use of bentonite/crushed rock mixtures to form hydraulic barriers has greatly increased in recent years. To obtain an appropriate composition for such mixture sealants generally requires extensive laboratory work. Bentonite content and gradation of the crushed rock component are two key parameters in the seal design. This study investigates the effect of crushed rock gradation on the bulk porosity and permeability of systems of crushed tuff particles. Five different gradations are selected from the literature. The bulk porosity of systems of crushed tuff in the presence of bentonite is examined. The Fuller-Thompson gradations yield denser particle arrangements. For mixture samples containing 15% bentonite by weight, the amount of clay accounts for only 45 to 56% of the weight required to fill the interparticle pore space. The bentonite occupancy percentage amounts to 65 to 80% and 75 to 86.5% for samples having 25 and 35% bentonite by weight, respectively. The water content of bentonite at saturation is reduced and the resistance to piping and flow of bentonite is enhanced by the addition of clay. To reduce the bulk porosities of the mixtures containing 25% or more bentonite, a compaction energy higher than the standard Proctor compaction is necessary.  相似文献   

运用信息熵理论建立土壤剖面雨水分配模型的探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

申双和  欧阳海 《南京气象学院学报》1992,15(3):305-314

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亚欧及北太平洋相当正压层高度的分析及数值模拟     

欧阳首承  兰伟 《高原气象》1990,9(3):277-283

本文利用相当正压层方法,分析了亚欧及北太平洋中纬度地区47个站点的相当正压层高度,其结果与文献[1]类似。计算表明:亚欧及北太平洋的相当正压层高度平均位于359hPa,略去高原站点后,平原地区的平均高度为374hPa。相当正压层是一个波动很大的不同气压的曲面,并随地区和季节变化较大。高原和西风急流的强弱可能都是其影响因子,尤其是高原的作用值得进一步探讨。数值模拟也证实了300hPa上Rossby波比500hPa效果好。  相似文献