Degradation of Six Selected Ultraviolet Filters in Aquifer Materials Under Various Redox Conditions     

You‐Sheng Liu  Guang‐Guo Ying  Ali Shareef  Rai S. Kookana 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》2013,33(4):79-88

Laboratory biodegradation batch studies were performed to investigate the degradation behavior of six selected UV filters, namely benzophenone‐3 (BP‐3), 3‐(4‐methylbenzylidene) camphor (4‐MBC), Octyl 4‐methoxycinnamate (OMC), Octocrylene (OC), 2‐(3‐t‐butyl‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)‐5‐chloro benzotriazole (UV‐326), and 2‐(2’‐hydroxy‐5’‐octylphenyl)‐benzotriazole (UV‐329) in an aquifer microcosm (groundwater and aquifer sediment mixture) under aerobic and anaerobic (nitrate, sulfate, and Fe(III) reducing) conditions within 77 d. The results from the biodegradation experiments showed that the six UV filters were degraded well in the aquifer materials under different redox conditions. Rapid biodegradation was observed for BP‐3 and OMC in the aquifer materials, with their half‐lives of 1.5‐8.8 d and 1.3‐5.2 d, respectively. In most cases, aerobic conditions were more favorable for the degradation of the UV filters in aquifer materials. Relatively slow degradation of 4‐MBC, UV‐326, and UV‐329 under anaerobic conditions was noted with their half‐lives ranging between 47 d and 126 d, indicating potential persistence in anaerobic aquifers. The results showed that redox conditions could have significant effects on biodegradation of the UV filters in aquifers.  相似文献   

3D dynamic response of a transversely isotropic multilayered medium subjected to a moving load          下载免费PDF全文

Zhi Yong Ai  Jin Jing Mu  Guang Peng Ren 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(4):636-654

The dynamic problem of a transversely isotropic multilayered medium is reducible to quasi‐static problem by introducing a moving system that travels synchronously with the load. Based on the governing equations in the moving system, the ordinary differential equations in the Fourier transformed domain are deduced. An extended precise integration method is adopted to solve the ordinary differential equations, and the solution in the physical domain is recovered by the inverse Fourier transform. Numerical examples are performed to verify the accuracy of the presented method and to analyze the influence of material properties and the load characteristic.  相似文献   

The impact of well drawdowns on the mixing process of river water and groundwater and water quality in a riverside well field,Northeast China     

Yaguang Zhu  Yuanzheng Zhai  Qingqing Du  Yanguo Teng  Jinsheng Wang  Guang Yang 《水文研究》2019,33(6):945-961

Riverbank filtration (RBF) has been widely used throughout the world as an effective means to regulate surface water and groundwater resources and pretreat raw water for municipal water supply. The quality of the water from a riverside well field and the mixing ratios of surface water and groundwater is primarily impacted by the hydrodynamic processes in the RBF system. The RBF system is largely controlled by the water exploiting system in addition to the natural hydrologic condition of the river–aquifer system. As one of the most important design parameters of the riverside well field, the drawdown of groundwater level greatly determines the water head differences between the river water and groundwater as well as the field flow net, which subsequently impacts the mixing of river water and groundwater and water quality significantly. This study aimed to improve the understanding of the mixing process between the surface water and groundwater and estimate the impact of the RBF on the mixing ratio of surface water–groundwater and water quality quantitatively. A set of field pumping tests with various groundwater level drawdowns were carried out independently and successively at a riverside field with a single pumping well near the Songhua River in Northeast China in August 2017. During these tests, the water levels and hydrochemical parameters of the Songhua River, the adjacent aquifer, and the pumping well were monitored. The dynamic mixing process of the river water and groundwater and water quality under various drawdown conditions were analysed systematically using analytical methods. The results obtained from Dupuit method and the Mirror Image method in conjunction with the Hydrochemical Tracing method showed that the pumping water directly from the river water reached 60% ± 10% after a steady flow net was established. The larger the proportion of the pumping water captured from the river, the better quality of the pumping water was, because the quality of the river water (only limited to some water quality parameters monitored which were minority) was better than that of the groundwater. The results also showed that total Fe, TDS, total hardness, COD_Mn, and K⁺ were relatively sensitive to the changes of groundwater drawdown, and their concentrations decreased with an increase in the groundwater drawdown. It can be concluded that both the mixing ratio of the surface water and the groundwater and the water quality of the riverside well field can be regulated through adjusting the designed drawdown of the groundwater level, which is helpful for the design and the optimization of the riverside well water intake engineering.  相似文献   

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陈莹  刘序俨  朱石军  王林  陈光  倪晓寅 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(1):33-37

?????????λ???????и??????????????????λ??????????????????????8.0???????????????????????????????????????3??????????????????10 ^-7??10 ^-8???????????????????????????????????λ?????????????????  相似文献   

水口水库区地震活动特征分析     

陈光 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(Z1)

基于水口水库区历史地震活动特征,探讨水口水库地震的序列特征;对库区短水准地形变资料及震源机制解结果的分析认为,水口水库区的地震活动前期主要为水的诱发作用,后期与构造应力场作用加强有关。  相似文献   

辽河油田兴隆台太古界古潜山储层评价标准研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李维祎  王博  桑转利 《高校地质学报》2010,16(3):365-374

兴隆台古潜山是辽河坳陷中重要的深层潜山油藏,对提高辽河油田原油产量具有重要意义。兴隆台太古界潜山主要 储层由变质岩和岩浆岩组成,其中变质岩储层包括黑云斜长片麻岩、黑云母变粒岩、斜长角闪岩、角闪岩和混合岩。储集 空间以构造裂缝为主,储层渗透性好。在测井曲线对储层敏感因素分析的基础上,选用现有测井资料中带有裂缝信息的电 阻率、声波时差、密度、自然电位幅度差和双侧向等测井数据,应用测井交会图方法,结合试油工作的结果,寻找规律, 得出了针对兴隆台古潜山储层进行定量及定性识别和评价的标准,即：岩石密度＜2.75 g/cm3 ,自然电位幅度差≥7 Ω·m, 双侧向幅度差20~1 500 Ω·m,深侧向电阻率20~2 000 Ω·m,声波时差170~230 μs/m。通过生产测井解释数据进行了验证, 证明上述储层评价标准基本适用,为兴隆台古潜山油井调层提供了理论基础。  相似文献   

用抗剪强度指标计算预制桩软黏土侧摩阻力的参数统计分析     

楼晓明  赵春风  陈广  蔚林 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z2):354-359

参照现有的静力法计算桩侧摩阻力的公式,提出了根据固结快剪c、j指标计算桩侧摩阻力的计算公式,其中有多个参数待定。根据收集到的上海地区19个工程摩擦型预制桩的试桩成果,采用最小二乘法,确定了上海地区主要软土层的待定参数,由统计得到的桩侧摩阻力的计算公式,计算出各试桩在各主要软土层的桩侧摩阻力和各试桩的极限承载力。结果表明,同一土层的各试桩桩侧摩阻力相关性较好,基本符合正态分布规律;单桩承载力计算值与实测值之间的误差较小;用上海地区主要软土层固结快剪c、j指标的上下限可以计算得到桩侧摩阻力上下限,根据19个工程统计得到的平均桩侧摩阻力在上下限之间;桩侧摩阻力的深度效应不明显,桩端持力层条件对桩侧摩阻力发挥有影响。  相似文献   

内蒙古镶黄旗道郎和都格矿区钨多金属成矿地质背景与综合定位预测方法     

张宝林  吴燕冈  苏捷  祁民  武广  徐永生  崔敏利  沈晓丽  郭志华  黄雪飞 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2011,41(6):1959-1967

郎和都格矿区地表沙土和草原覆盖严重,直接寻找钨多金属矿的信息较少。地质地球化学研究结果表明,与钨多金属矿关系密切的是早白垩世钾长花岗岩,赋矿围岩主要是二叠纪辉石闪长岩。根据围岩与矿体之间的物性差异,完成了矿区1∶1万地质填图、磁法和重力测量,对数据进行重磁联合反演,识别出3条走向北东、长度800～3 000 m、宽度50～100 m的重要的构造蚀变带（分别对应于负磁异常带）,均分布在矿区西北侧的辉石闪长岩中,且平行于辉石闪长岩和钾长花岗岩的接触带。预测了6个综合物探异常区,也位于矿区西北侧的辉石闪长岩分布区,单个异常面积为500 800 m²,异常深度不超过1 000 m。经钻探工程验证,在3个异常部位发现了隐伏的构造破碎带型钨多金属找矿靶区,钨多金属矿体埋藏深度为150～650 m,单个矿体厚度为2～4 m。表明成矿地质条件分析与重磁联合反演相结合的定位预测方法,在覆盖区寻找钨矿效果明显,值得进一步推广。  相似文献   

TBM施工隧道岩石耐磨性与力学强度相关性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王华  吴光 《水文地质工程地质》2010,37(5):57-60

结合TBM施工隧道岩石耐磨性试验和岩石力学强度试验,获得岩石的耐磨值与各力学强度值;采用回归分析方法建立了岩石耐磨性与岩石各力学强度指标之间的相关关系数学模型。研究结果表明,岩石耐磨值与抗压强度、抗拉强度、粘聚力、点荷载强度呈指数函数关系,与内摩擦角呈对数函数关系,两者之间呈正相关关系。  相似文献   

Effects of biological soil crusts on soil detachment process by overland flow in the Loess Plateau of China   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

Fa Liu  Guang‐hui Zhang  Long Sun  Hao Wang 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(7):875-883

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) cover up to 60 to 70% of the soil surface in grasslands after the ‘Grain for Green’ project was implemented in 1999 to rehabilitate the Loess Plateau. However, few studies exist that quantify the effects of BSCs on the soil detachment process by overland flow in the Loess Plateau. This study investigated the potential effects of BSCs on the soil detachment capacity (D_c), and soil resistance to flowing water erosion reflected by rill erodibility and critical shear stress. Two dominant BSC types that developed in the Loess Plateau (the later successional moss and the early successional cyanobacteria mixed with moss) were tested against natural soil samples collected from two abandoned farmland areas. The samples were subjected to flow scouring under six different shear stresses ranging from 7.15 to 24.08 Pa. The results showed that D_c decreased significantly with crust coverage under both moss and mixed crusts. The mean D_c of bare soil (0.823 kg m^?2 s^?1) was 2.9 to 48.4 times greater than those of moss covered soil (0.017–0.284 kg m^?2 s^?1), while it (3.142 kg m^?2 s^?1) was 4.9 to 149.6 times greater than those of mixed covered soil (0.021–0.641 kg m^?2 s^?1). The relative detachment rate of BSCs compared with bare soils decreased exponentially with increasing BSC coverage for both types of BSCs. The D_c value can be simulated by flow shear stress, cohesion, and BSC coverage using a power function (NSE ≥ 0.59). Rill erodibility also decreased with coverage of both crust types. Rill erodibility of bare soil was 3 to 74 times greater than those of moss covered soil and was 2 to 165 times greater than those of mixed covered soil. Rill erodibility could also be estimated by BSC coverage in the Loess Plateau (NSE ≥ 0.91). The effect of crust coverage on critical shear stress was not significant. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献