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991.
估算水系沉积物的地球化学背景值和识别其异常对人为污染判别与环境风险评估非常重要。采集并分析了珠江58件水系沉积物样品,经分析检验,Al、Fe和Sc被选作参考元素,并对比了确定地球化学背景及识别异常值的方法。其中,基于最小截断二乘法的回归分析是定义地球化学背景的有效方法,它是一种对异常值不敏感的稳健统计方法,而基于局部富集因子的箱线图和回归诊断图更适用于识别异常值。珠江不同河段重金属污染存在差异,北江和河网区主要受As、Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn污染,东江主要受Cu、Cr和Ni污染,而西江几乎不存在重金属污染。水系沉积物的主要污染类型是点源污染,主要污染来源是采矿和电镀等相关的工业活动。 相似文献
992.
以珠江三角洲平原为研究区域,对其7个区县102件水稻根系土样品进行土壤理化参数及Pb形态分析,探讨在第四系分布区土壤Pb全量及Pb活动态含量的特征及影响因素。结果表明:全部供试土壤样品中Pb元素平均含量为46.47mg/kg,略高于广东省土壤Pb含量背景值(36mg/kg),表现出一定的累积趋势。研究区自西北陆相沉积区至南部海陆交互相沉积区,元素含量增高。Pb元素主要以残渣态和铁锰氧化物形态赋存在土壤中,迁移能力弱。影响土壤Pb全量的因素主要有Al2O3、K2O、Tl、Mo;影响土壤Pb活动态的因素有Pb全量、pH、有机质、CEC、P、TFe2O3、Mn;其中,p H是控制Pb元素活动性的最主要因素。 相似文献
993.
TANG Ling SONG Yan LI Qianwen PANG Xiongqi JIANG Zhenxue LI Zhuo TANG Xianglu YU Hailong SUN Yue FAN Shichao ZHU Lin 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(2):400-419
Comprehensive quantitative evaluation of shale gas content and the controlling factors in different occurrence states is of great significance for accurately assessing gas-bearing capacity and providing effective well-production strategies. A total of 122 core samples from well JY-A in the Fuling shale gas field were studied to reveal the characteristics of S_1 l shale,15 of which were selected to further predict the shale gas content in different occurrence states, which are dependent on geological factors in the thermal evolution process. Geological parameters were researched by a number of laboratory programs, and the factors influential in controlling shale gas content were extracted by both PCA and GRA methods and prediction models were confirmed by the BE method using SPSS software. Results reveal that the adsorbed gas content is mainly controlled by TOC, Ro, SSA, PD and pyrite content, and the free gas content is mainly controlled by S_2, quartz content, gas saturation and formation pressure for S_1 l in well JY-A. Three methods, including the on-site gas desorption method, the empirical formula method, and the multiple regression analysis method were used in combination to evaluate the shale gas capacity of well JY-A, all of which show that the overall shale gas content of well JY-A is in the range of 2.0–5.0 m~3/t and that the free gas ratio is about 50%, lower than that of well JY-1. Cause analysis further confirms the tectonics and preservation conditions of S_1 l in the geological processes, especially the influence of eastern boundary faults on well JY-A, as the fundamental reasons for the differences in shale gas enrichment in the Jiaoshiba area. 相似文献
994.
The South China Sea is rich in oil and gas resources. With the increasing exploration of oil and gas resources in the northern South China Sea and the increasing demand for energy in the world, The central‐southern South China Sea have become important constituencies for oil and gas resources. The central‐southern basins of South China Sea can be divided into three types of basin groups, namely, the southern basin group (Zengmu Basin, Brunei‐Sabah Basin), the western basin group (Wan'an Basin, Zhong jiannan Basin) and the Central Basin Group (Liyue Basin, Beikang Basin, Nanweixi Basin and Palawan Basin). At present, the degree of exploration is relatively low, and the source rock has not yet formed a understanding of the system. The main source rock development time, source rock characteristics, hydrocarbon generation potential and control factors of each basin group are still unclear, which seriously restricts the exploration of oil and gas. Based on the sedimentary facies distribution and sedimentary filling evolution, combined with the geoche mical characteristics of the source rocks, the source age, organic matter type, hydrocarbon generation potential and main controlling factors of the basins in the central‐southern basins are discussed. By the detailed research on delta scale, provenance system, paleoclimate conditions, ancient vegetation development and hydroca rbon generation parent material, the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in each basin group are revealed. 相似文献
995.
YAN Xinlu ZHANG Songhang TANG Shuheng LI Zhongcheng WANG Kaifeng YI Yongxiang DANG Feng HU Qiuping 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(3):692-703
The main methods of coalbed methane(CBM) development are drainage and depressurization, and a precise prediction of coal reservoir pressure is thus crucial for the evaluation of reservoir potentials and the formulation of reasonable development plans. This work established a new reservoir pressure prediction model based on the material balance equation(MBE) of coal reservoir, which considers the self-regulating effects of coal reservoirs and the dynamic change of equivalent drainage area(EDA). According to the proposed model, the reservoir pressure can be predicted based on reservoir condition data and the actual production data of a single well. Compared with traditional reservoir pressure prediction models which regard EDA as a fixed value, the proposed model can better predict the average pressure of reservoirs. Moreover, orthogonal experiments were designed to evaluate the sensitivity of reservoir parameters on the reservoir pressure prediction results of this proposed model. The results show that the saturation of irreducible water is the most sensitive parameter, followed by Langmuir volume and reservoir porosity, and Langmuir pressure is the least sensitive parameter. In addition, the pressure drop of reservoirs is negatively correlated with the saturation of irreducible water and the Langmuir volume, while it is positively correlated with porosity. This work analyzed the reservoir pressure drop characteristics of the CBM wells in the Shizhuangnan Block of the Qinshui Basin, and the results show that the CBM reservoir depressurization can be divided into three types, i.e., rapidly drop type, medium-term stability type, and slowly drop type. The drainage features of wells were reasonably interpreted based on the comprehensive analysis of the reservoir depressurization type; the latter was coupled to the corresponding permeability dynamic change characteristics, eventually proving the applicability of the proposed model. 相似文献
996.
997.
污染物事故性排放、工矿企业搬迁后遗留的污染场地修复面临各种问题,给地下水资源的使用带来严重威胁。地下水VOCs污染,具有易扩散迁移、毒性高、风险大的特点,修复难度较高。本文结合典型深层地下水修复案例,充分分析场地地质背景、水文地质条件等,根据污染物的特性、污染范围和分布特征,探讨各种修复技术的修复机理、修复对象和技术特点,针对VOCs污染修复进行性能比较及适用性分析。同时通过两个阶段的试验综合研究,原位和异位技术相结合,为开展类似地下水VOCs污染修复实践和管理提供了依据和思路。 相似文献
998.
本文报道澄江生物群似斜纹海绵属Paradiagoniella的两个新种:橄榄形似斜纹海绵P.oliviformis sp. nov. 和锥形似斜纹海绵P. conicasp. nov. 。两个新种具有似斜纹海绵属的基本特征:体壁薄;由排列不规则、分级的十字骨针为基底构成骨骼;除十字骨针外,还穿插排列有五射针、六射针、弯弓形和针形双尖单轴针等。然而与模式种不同,两个新种十字骨针分级不明显;同时,两个新种在外形、骨针组成、最大十字骨针射长比等方面,与本属的其他种都存在明显差异。新材料的发现增加了寒武纪早期原始海绵物种多样性,为研究海绵动物早期起源演化提供了新信息。 相似文献
999.
开发不受沼泽微生物影响的地球化学勘查技术是提高中纬度冻土区天然气水合物探井预测成功率的重要课题之一。本文选择在祁连山聚乎更天然气水合物已知区进行惰性气体勘查技术实验,研究了氦氖的测试方法,实验区为高寒沼泽景观,面积150km~2,采样密度2点/km~2,采样深度60cm,采集土壤顶空气样品300件和DK-3井岩芯样品400件,应用色谱反吹技术对顶空气样品进行了惰性气体氦氖的分析。结合地质和地球化学勘查成果进行了综合解释,认为惰性气体异常与天然气水合物矿藏关系密切,与烃类异常浓度范围一致,为顶部异常模式。实验区天然气水合物矿藏11个水合物发现井有10个位于He、Ne异常内,1个井位于异常外。分析了天然气水合物岩芯顶空气轻烃和氦氖指标的垂向分布特征,提出了天然气水合物矿藏上方土壤惰性气体的地气迁移机理。研究区近地表氦氖异常源于深部水合物矿藏和断裂构造,不受沼泽微生物的影响,是冻土区天然气水合物勘查的一种有效技术。 相似文献
1000.
综合找矿模型在甲基卡隐伏区稀有锂金属找矿中的 应用 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
锂金属是重要的战略新兴关键矿产之一。寻找超大型稀有锂金属隐伏矿是中国矿床学界的一大难题。甲基卡广为第四系覆盖,以往的找矿和勘查工作主要局限在南部"就脉找矿"。笔者通过对超大型X03锂矿床的找矿实践,建立了"岩浆-变形-变质-成矿"四位一体控矿要素和成矿模式,归纳总结了地质-地球物理-地球化学异常的内在关联,从远景区分析、找矿靶区圈定、矿床(矿)预测定位的层次与流程,建立的第四系掩盖区隐伏稀有锂金属的综合找矿模型,在指导稀有金属找矿中取得了快速突破,是一个典型的成功实例。建议继续加强该矿田花岗岩基的深部延伸及岩石组合特征、伟晶岩(矿)脉的形成富集规律等研究,注重隐伏花岗岩株(枝)与伟晶岩(矿)脉的找矿相连部位的找矿,开展深部锂等稀有金属的资源潜力预测。 相似文献