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The ages and accumulation rates of ice are important boundary conditions for paleoclimatic ice models. Radardetected isochronic layers can be used to date the ice column beneath the ice surface and infer past accumulation rates. A Deep Ice-Core Drilling Project has been carried out at Kunlun station in the Dome A region, East Antarctica. Radio echo sounding data are collected during the 2004/2005 Chinese National Research Expedition and the 2007/2008 Dome Connection East Antarctica project of the Alfred Wegener Institute(Germany). Radar isochronic layers from the dataset were linked to compare a new deep ice core site from Kunlun station and the Vostok ice core site. Ten visible layers, accounting for ~50% ice thickness at the Kunlun station ice core site, were dated based on the Vostok ice core chronology. At 1,640 m depth below surface, an age of ~160,400 yr was determined, corresponding to a bright layer at Kunlun station. These layers provided geometric information on the past surface of the ice sheet around the ice core site through the Wisconsin glacial stage, Eemian interglacial and Marine Isotope Stage6. Based on a simple ice flow model and the age-depth relationship, we concluded that the region around the Kunlun ice core site had lower past accumulation rates, consistent with the present pattern. The age-depth relationship would thus be expected to correlate and constrain the chronology of the deep ice core at Kunlun station in the future. 相似文献
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利用赤峰台井下和山洞观测、二连浩特台井下和地表观测测震数据,通过计算其加速度PSD值和相应的PDF值及1~20 Hz频段RMS值,研究井下观测压制测震台站背景噪声的特征。结果表明,在大于2 Hz频段,井下观测相比于山洞和地表观测有显著的压制背景噪声特征,尤其在大于9 Hz频段压制背景噪声特征突出;在16 s~2 Hz频段,井下、山洞、地表观测测震台站背景噪声水平一致性较高,井下观测在该频段不能压制背景噪声;在低于16 s频段,井下观测相比于山洞和地表观测有一定的压制背景噪声特征。通过井下观测可有效降低测震台站背景噪声水平,从而提高观测数据质量。 相似文献
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基于SPI指数的甘肃省河东地区干旱时空特征分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
干旱是西北地区主要的自然灾害之一。本文以甘肃省河东地区作为研究区,基于该地区38个气象站1971-2010年逐月降水数据计算标准化降水指数（SPI指数）,分析了不同时间尺度SPI指数的时间序列特征,探讨了SPI3和SPI12的年代际距平和倾向率的时空变化,以及特旱、重旱和中旱的发生频次。结果表明：（1）随着时间尺度的增加,SPI指数随机性在减弱,持续性在加强。干旱出现较多的时期为1991-2005年,出现较少的时期为1974-1982年。（2）20世纪80年代以前河东地区偏湿,90年代以后河东地区有偏干的趋势。河东地区行政区划分为7个部分,70-80年代,除甘南地区外,其余地区的SPI3倾向率均显著增加;80-90年代,河东地区SPI3倾向率持续减少,减少最明显的为定西地区;90年代到21世纪初,河东地区SPI3倾向率又有增加趋势。对于SPI12来说,自20世纪70年代到2010年,除甘南、陇南和天水地区的SPI12倾向率为先减少后增加以外,其余地区均呈现先增加,后减小,然后再增加的趋势。（3）3个月时间尺度干旱的分布范围广,发生频次高,主要发生于河东地区的北部。12个月时间尺度的特旱主要发生在河东地区的北部,重旱和中旱主要发生在河东地区的东部。 相似文献
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Natural Hazards - Inner Mongolia, located in the northern China, is a natural disaster-prone region. This study is dedicated to making a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the... 相似文献
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Assessing adaptability of planted trees using leaf traits: A case study with Robinia pseudoacacia L. in the Loess Plateau, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Leaf trait patterns and their variations with climate are interpreted as an adaptive adjustment to environment.This study assessed the adaptability of planted black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) based on the analysis of leaf traits and the comparison of its leaf traits with inter-specific ones existing in the same area.We measured some water and N use related leaf traits: leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) and N,P and K concentrations based on both leaf area (Narea,Parea and Karea) and leaf mass (Nmass,Pm... 相似文献
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针对现有植被净初级生产力研究对城市圈、城市带尺度缺乏关注的问题,基于MODIS遥感数据、地面气象资料等,利用改进的CASA模型,结合回归分析、相关分析等方法探究了2000—2013年皖江城市带植被NPP的时空变化及其对气候因子的响应,为区域生态环境质量评价提供参考。结果表明:近14年来,皖江城市带植被NPP总体呈增加趋势;不同土地利用类型NPP差异显著,林地草地耕地建设用地未利用土地水体;年NPP均值呈现由南部向西北部减少的空间分布特征;植被NPP年际变化率较小,介于±10gC·m-2·a-1范围内;温度是影响研究区植被NPP时空变化的主要气候因子。 相似文献
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20世纪80年代以来全球耕地变化的基本特征及空间格局 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文基于全球1982-2011年土地利用/覆被的矢量数据,分析了20世纪80年代以来全球耕地变化的基本特征及空间格局。结果表明：① 20世纪80年代以来,全球耕地面积增加了528.768×104 km2,增加速率为7.920×104 km2/a,呈不显著增加趋势,全球耕地面积以20世纪80年代增速最快。20世纪80年代以来,北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲耕地面积呈显著增加趋势,分别增加了170.854×104 km2、107.890×104 km2、186.492×104 km2,增加速率分别为7.236×104 km2/a、2.780×104 km2/a、3.758×104 km2/a;亚洲、欧洲、非洲耕地面积为减少趋势,分别减少了23.769×104 km2、4.035×104 km2、86.76×104 km2,减少速率分别为-5.641×104 km2/a、-0.813×104 km2/a、 -0.595×104 km2/a。② 20世纪80年代以来,全球增加的耕地主要由草地、林地转化,分别占53.536%、26.148%。新增耕地面积主要分布在非洲南部及中部、澳大利亚东部和北部、南美洲东南部、美国的中部及阿拉斯加、加拿大中部、俄罗斯西部及芬兰北部、蒙古北部等区域。非洲南部的博茨瓦纳为全球耕地增加比例最高区域,增加了80%~90%。③ 20世纪80年代以来,全球耕地换化为其他用地共计1071.946×104 km2,全球减少的耕地主要转化为了草地、林地,分别占比为57.482%、36.000%;全球减少耕地主要分布在非洲中部的苏丹南部、美国中南部、俄罗斯南部及欧洲南部的保加利亚、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和匈牙利等国,减少最大的区域为非洲南部,减少了60%。④ 各大洲耕地均表现出向高纬扩张的趋势,全球多数国家表现出新增耕地扩张而原有耕地减少的特点。 相似文献
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Tiantian Shao Kaishan Song Jia Du Ying Zhao Zhiming Liu Bai Zhang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2016,44(1):77-89
Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), the light absorbing fraction of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), together with phytoplankton and total suspended matter are the main optically active components could be retrieved by remote sensing data. Generally, different composition of DOC and CDOM corresponds to different water surface reflectance. Absorption properties of CDOM and retrieval models for CDOM and DOC were investigated with data from potable reservoirs located in the central of Jilin Province. Water sampling field surveys were conducted on 15, 16 and 19 of September 2012 across the Shitoukoumen, Erlonghu and Xilicheng reservoirs, respectively. Both empirical regression (single band model and band ratio model) and partial least squares coupled with back-propagation artificial neural models (PLSBPNN) were established to estimate CDOM absorption coefficient at 355 nm [aCDOM(355)] and DOC concentration with in situ measured remote sensing reflectance. It was found that the band ratio models and PLSBPNN model performed well for estimating DOC concentration while the band ratio models yielded the best result in retrieval CDOM. Moreover, all the three models performed better on the DOC concentration estimation than the performance on aCDOM(355). Band ratio models outperformed (R 2 ?=?0.55) other models for estimating CDOM absorption coefficient, while PLSBPNN model outperformed other models with respect to DOC estimation (R 2 ?=?0.93). High spectral slope values indicated that CDOM in the potable waters primarily comprised low molecular weight organic substances; while sources of DOC were mainly coming from exogenous input, which was the main reason lead to the difference of model performances on DOC and aCDOM(355) estimation. The algorithms developed in this study is needed to be tested and refined with more in situ spectral data, also future work is still needed to be undertaken for characterizing the dynamic of the potable water quality with remotely sensed imagery. 相似文献
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本文通过对2000年—2013年长时间序列的MODIS气溶胶产品进行统计,分析了珠三角地区气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)和细粒子光学厚度(FAOD)的空间分布特征以及年度和季节变化特点,有助于深入研究珠三角地区颗粒物污染水平变化及颗粒物的排放与输送等。研究结果显示珠三角地区中部为AOD高值区,东西两翼地区为AOD低值区。AOD和FAOD的最高值通常分别出现在春季和秋季,最低值则通常都出现在冬季。2006年之后,珠三角地区大气气溶胶总消光虽在部分年份仍有反弹上升的现象出现,但已有明显降低。然而,该地区细粒子消光在2000年—2012年期间则呈逐年增加的趋势,且其空间差异性也越加显著,细颗粒物污染仍需进一步控制。 相似文献