A survey instrument to isolate effectiveness of a novel risk communication intervention     

Anne M. Sanquini  Sundar M. Thapaliya  Michele M. Wood 《Natural Hazards》2016,82(1):59-72

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Intra-community implications of implementing multiple tsunami-evacuation zones in Alameda,California     

Jeff Peters  Nathan Wood  Rick Wilson  Kevin Miller 《Natural Hazards》2016,80(2):975-995

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Utilising clinoform architecture to understand the drivers of basin margin evolution: a case study in the Taranaki Basin,New Zealand          下载免费PDF全文

M. Salazar  L. Moscardelli  L. Wood 《Basin Research》2016,28(6):840-865

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GIS professional development for teachers: lessons learned from high-needs schools     

Jerry T. Mitchell  George Roy  Stephannie Fritch  Brandy Wood 《制图学和地理信息科学》2018,45(4):292-304

University faculty partners from the Departments of Geography and Instruction and Teacher Education at a large, public university collaborated with K-12 teachers and the leadership of a rural school district in order to investigate the crosscutting content of science, mathematics, and geography through the integration of web-based GIS technologies. The project explored the critical connections among technology, pedagogy, and content with a particular emphasis on developing technology-enhanced, inquiry-based lessons in which the teachers and their students used GIS technologies to analyze, visualize, and present data in real-world contexts. The findings highlight the importance of well-structured professional development that builds community, integrates diverse content and pedagogical expertise, provides feedback and coaching, and is of sufficient duration to effect change.  相似文献   

Brittleness index predictions from Lower Barnett Shale well-log data applying an optimized data matching algorithm at various sampling densities     

David A.Wood 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):444-457

The capability of accurately predicting mineralogical brittleness index(BI)from basic suites of well logs is desir-able as it provides a useful indicator of the fracability of tight formations.Measuring mineralogical components in rocks is expensive and time consuming.However,the basic well log curves are not well correlated with BI so correlation-based,machine-learning methods are not able to derive highly accurate BI predictions using such data.A correlation-free,optimized data-matching algorithm is configured to predict BI on a supervised basis from well log and core data available from two published wells in the Lower Barnett Shale Formation(Texas).This transparent open box(TOB)algorithm matches data records by calculating the sum of squared errors be-tween their variables and selecting the best matches as those with the minimum squared errors.It then applies optimizers to adjust weights applied to individual variable errors to minimize the root mean square error(RMSE)between calculated and predicted(BI).The prediction accuracy achieved by TOB using just five well logs(Gr,pb,Ns,Rs,Dt)to predict BI is dependent on the density of data records sampled.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.5 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.056 and R2～0.790.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.1 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.008 and R2～0.995.Adding a stratigraphic height index as an additional(sixth)input variable method improves BI prediction accuracy to RMSE～0.003 and R2～0.999 for the two wells with only 1 record in 10,000 yielding a BI prediction error of＞±0.1.The model has the potential to be applied in an unsupervised basis to predict BI from basic well log data in surrounding wells lacking mineralogical measure-ments but with similar lithofacies and burial histories.The method could also be extended to predict elastic rock properties in and seismic attributes from wells and seismic data to improve the precision of brittleness index and fracability mapping spatially.  相似文献   

Reply to comment by Philippe Baveye on“The role of scaling laws in upscaling”     

Brian D. Wood 《Advances in water resources》2010

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The partitioning of Fe and Mg between olivine and carbonate and the stability of carbonate under mantle conditions   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

John A. Dalton  Bernard J. Wood 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1993,114(4):501-509

We have investigated the effect of Fe on the stabilities of carbonate (carb) in lherzolite assemblages by determining the partitioning of Fe and Mg between silicate (olivine; ol) and carbonates (magnesite, dolomite, magnesian calcite) at high pressures and temperatures. Fe enters olivine preferentially relative to magnesite and ordered dolomite, but Fe and Mg partition almost equally between disordered calcic carbonate and olivine. Measurement of K _d (X _Fe ^carb X _Mg ^ol /X _Fe ^ol X _Mg ^carb ) as a function of Fe/ Mg ratio indicates that Fe–Mg carbonates deviate only slightly from ideality. Using the regular solution parameter for olivine W _FeMg ^ol of 3.7±0.8 kJ/mol (Wiser and Wood 1991) we obtain for (FeMg)CO₃ a W _FeMg ^carb of 3.05±1.50 kJ/mol. The effect of Ca–Mg–Fe disordering is to raise K _d substantially enabling us to calculate W _CaMg ^carb -W _CaFe ^carb of 5.3±2.2 kJ/mol. The activity-composition relationships and partitioning data have been used to calculate the effect of Fe/Mg ratio on mantle decarbonation and exchange reactions. We find that carbonate (dolomite and magnesian calcite) is stable to slightly lower pressures (by 1 kbar) in mantle lherzolitic assemblages than in the CaO–MgO–SiO₂(CMS)–CO₂ system. The high pressure breakdown of dolomite + orthopyroxene to magnesite + clinopyroxene is displaced to higher pressures (by 2 kbar) in natural compositions relative to CMS. CO₂. We also find a stability field of magnesian calcite in lherzolite at 15–25 kbar and 750–1000°C.  相似文献   

Prediction of thermal conductivity in reservoir rocks using fabric theory     

Ming Luo  James R. Wood  Lawrence M. Cathles 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》1994,32(4)

An accurate prediction of the thermal conductivity of reservoir rocks in the subsurface is extremely important for a quantitative analysis of basin thermal history and hydrocarbon maturation. A model for calculating the thermal conductivity of reservoir rocks as a function of mineral composition, porosity, fluid type, and temperature has been developed based on fabric theory and experimental data. The study indicates that thermal conductivities of reservoir rocks are dependent on the volume fraction of components (minerals, porosity, and fluids), the temperature, and the fraction of series elements (FSE) which represents the way that the mineral components aggregate. The sensitivity test of the fabric model shows that quartz is the most sensitive mineral for the thermal conductivity of clastic rocks. The study results indicate that the FSE value is very critical. Different lithologies have different optimum FSE values because of different textures and sedimentary structures. The optimum FSE values are defined as those which result in the least error in the model computation of the thermal conductivity of the rocks. These values are 0.444 for water-saturated clay rocks, 0.498 for water-saturated sandstones, and 0.337 for water-saturated carbonates. Compared with the geometric mean model, the fabric model yields better results for the thermal conductivity, largely because the model parameters can be adjusted to satisfy different lithologies and to minimize the mean errors. The fabric model provides a good approach for estimating paleothermal conductivity in complex rock systems based on the mineral composition and pore fluid saturation of the rocks.  相似文献   

Simulation of flow over pool-riffle topography: A consideration of the velocity reversal hypothesis     

P. A. Carling  N. Wood 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1994,19(4):319-332

Computer flow simulations using the HEC-2 step-backwater routine are used to demonstrate the effect of systematically varying river channel width, riffle spacing and channel roughness on the shear velocity, section-mean velocity and energy slope in fixed-bed pool-riffle sequences. Initial scaling is obtained by utilizing published information on hydraulic parameters within reaches of the River Severn. Subsequently this restriction is relaxed and the effect of varying parameter combinations within realistic limits is explored. The purpose of this exercise is to isolate those scenarios which may preclude or promote the occurrence of a competence ‘reversal’, such that pools scour at high flow whilst deposition occurs on riffles. It is concluded that rivers in which pools are hydraulically rougher than riffles are likely to demonstrate a competence reversal. For prescribed conditions, the critical discharge at which a reversal occurs is a negative function of riffle spacing and riffle width relative to pool width. Downstream variation in hydraulic roughness also has implications for the phase relationship of shear velocity maxima and minima in relation to the extremes in pool-riffle topography.  相似文献   

Development of a rainwater harvesting system for increasing soil moisture in arid rangelands of Pakistan     

Sheikh Suleman  M. Karl Wood  Bashir Hussain Shah  Leigh Murray   《Journal of Arid Environments》1995,31(4)

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