广西区域极端特大暴雨成因个例分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘国忠  韦春霞  班荣贵  卢小丹  黄明策 《气象科技》2013,41(5):895-905

利用常规观测资料、FY-2E卫星观测资料、雷达探测资料以及自动站雨量资料等,对2010年6月28日广西极端特大暴雨过程进行分析;结果表明：①暴雨灾害具有区域小、降雨时段集中、过程雨量大、短历时降雨强及引发次生灾害特别重等特点;②亚欧中高纬度500 hPa呈两脊一槽型、200 hPa南亚高压脊线贯穿广西上空及西南季风活跃是暴雨的环流背景;高空低涡、地面干线是主要天气系统配置,属低涡暴雨型;③强不稳定能量及层结的存在、850 hPa以下低层辐合、700 hPa附近明显涡旋、整层大气上升运动、850 hPa以下层高湿及水汽强烈辐合是主要物理量特征;④中尺度低压、低涡及气流辐合等是中尺度对流触发条件.FY-2E红外云图上对流云团生成、合并对强降雨有重要指示意义,暴雨发生在云团合并发展阶段,FY-2E的TBB值小于200 K可以作为短历时强降雨的指标.低质心雷达回波产生的列车效应和地形作用是造成强降雨的重要因素,低层辐合、高层辐散导致的强烈上升运动,有利于强对流的发展与维持.  相似文献   

Making journal articles ‘live’: turning academic writing into scientific dialog     

Ola Ahlqvist  Francis Harvey  Hyowon Ban  Wei Chen  Shaun Fontanella  Meng Guo  Nisheet Singh 《GeoJournal》2013,78(1):61-68

Web 2.0 services and social networking offer possibilities to transform academic publishing to facilitate scientific dialogue. We present ‘The Live Paper’ in this editorial as a concept to consider how to leverage existing web technologies to produce rich, omnidirectional, and interactive narratives on research. Following the format of a traditional research report we describe and discuss how to enrich research reports utilizing various types of analytical tools, data, and web services in a published paper embedded in evolving scientific discourse. We also consider how the live papers would influence the practice, culture, and economy of academic research. We conclude that geospatial researchers have an opportunity to lead this development towards richer and more open ways of communicating our findings. The technology and infrastructure to do so exist today, but several barriers remain.  相似文献   

北京石花洞石笋微层层面有机物质的形成时间及机理初探   总被引：12，自引：4，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

班凤梅  潘根兴  王新中 《第四纪研究》2005,25(2):265-268

通过对北京石花洞滴水水溶性有机碳(DOC)近一个水文年的观测,发现不同点滴水DOC浓度均表现出明显的季节性变化,7月中旬均有一个大的主峰出现。初步说明中国北方石笋微层的层面物质沉积于7月雨季,主要来源于大的雨量对土壤中有机质的淋溶;洞穴顶板较薄的滴水点在5月和8月有明显的DOC次峰,可能与石笋亚年层形成有关。  相似文献   

Forecasting the ionospheric f₀F₂ parameter one hour ahead using a support vector machine technique     

Chun Chen  Zhensen Wu  Shuji Sun  Panpan Ban  Zhonghua Ding  Zhengwen Xu   《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2010,72(18):1341-1347

This paper proposes a method for forecasting the ionospheric critical frequency, f₀F₂, 1 h in advance, using the support vector machine (SVM) approach. The inputs to the SVM network are the time of day, seasonal information, 2 month running mean sunspot number (R2), 3 day running mean of the 3 h planetary magnetic ap index, the solar zenith angle, the present value f₀F₂(t) and its first and second increments, the observation of f₀F₂ at t?23 h, the 30-day mean value at time, t, f_mF₂ (t) and the previous 30 day running mean of f₀F₂ at t?23 h f_mF₂(t?23). The output is the predicted f₀F₂ 1 h ahead. The network is trained to use the ionospheric sounding data at Haikou, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Lanzhou, Beijing, Changchun and Manzhouli stations at high and low solar activities. The performance of the SVM model was verified with observed data. It is shown that the predicted f₀F₂ has good agreement with the observed f₀F₂. The performance of the SVM model is superior to that of the autocorrelation and persistence models, and that it is comparable to that of the neural network model.  相似文献   

我国高原地区产生飞机颠簸的大尺度云系及其分布     

黄仪方  孙智博  肖焕权  徐娓 《高原山地气象研究》2010,30(2):42-45

卫星云图上有很多特殊的云型都与飞机颠簸相联系,有的甚至会出现严重颠簸,对它们的识别,对保障飞行安全有重要意义。本文根据2006年的风云二号卫星云图资料,统计和分析了我国高原地区产生飞机颠簸的大尺度云系的出现和分布规律。分析表明:在我国高原地区,产生飞机颠簸的大尺度云系主要有高空急流云系、未闭合的细胞状云系、山地波中的波状云系和积云线。这些大尺度的云系主要出现在我国的青藏高原,在这些云出现的地区飞行,都会出现中度到强烈的飞机颠簸。   相似文献   

W-3参数方程组的数值解法     

胡文忠  蔡志波  斑士欣 《气象学报》1998,56(4):500-505

从Ｗ－３风频模型的期望值及其拟合误差出发,分别用矩法和极值法导出关于Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ参数的两组方程。结合实测风况资料用数值法求解,获得相应的Ｗ－３风频参数,通过几个气象台站的实测资料计算、比较,证明这两种方法给出的参数其拟合精度均高于Ｗ－２模型给出的结果。  相似文献   

区域电离层建模的单频伪距定位验证     

胡弦  郑福  梅懿芳  王印彤 《测绘科学》2017,42(4)

针对电离层单层模型无法满足单频用户定位精度要求的问题,该文建立了区域电离层斜路径模型和单星多项式函数模型。基于河北省区域CORS站的实验结果表明:该文建立的区域电离层模型的拟合精度比CODE中心的格网电离层模型提高了近80%。并将其应用于北斗、GPS单频伪距单点定位,得出北斗的单点定位高程和平面定位精度分别优于3和2m,GPS的单点定位高程和平面定位精度分别优于1.5和1m;相对于CODE,GPS和北斗在平面及高程方向的定位精度均提高了50%左右。结果证明,采用斜路径电离层模型和多项式函数模型,可以较好地反映区域电离层的精细结构。  相似文献   

安顺市畜禽养殖碳排放时空差异研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

班荣舶  王家录  冯开禹  吴廷连 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(2)

畜禽养殖是农业碳源之一。根据安顺市畜禽数量,估算2001—2015年安顺市畜禽碳排放量。从畜禽碳排放结构、碳排放变异系数、碳排放密度、碳排放经济强度4个方面对其进行分析。研究结果显示:(1)安顺市2001—2006年的畜禽碳排放量连续增长,由86.91万t增长到113.06万t,2007年下降到84.31万t;2007—2010年缓慢增长;2011—2013年相对平稳;2014—2015年又增长。(2)畜禽碳排放主要来自牛和猪,牛年均碳排放量为70.70万t。(3)安顺市2003—2007年各区县畜禽碳排放绝对差异呈现扩大趋势,2008—2014年差异性呈现减小趋势。(4)西秀区的畜禽碳排放密度最高,平坝县最低;镇宁县的畜禽碳排放经济强度最高;紫云县次之;关岭县最低。安顺市政府部门应该研制并推广畜禽养殖温室气体减排技术,降低畜禽养殖碳排放量。  相似文献   

卫星天线相位中心改正模型对参考框架转换中尺度参数的影响分析     

马一方  周晓慧 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(1):39-42

计算了7个IGS分析中心第二次重新处理单天解与IGS14之间的尺度参数,并采用极大似然方法对其进行分析,比较两种GNSS卫星天线相位中心改正模型对尺度参数序列噪声模型、平均偏移量、速度及季节性信号的影响。结果表明,所有尺度参数的随机特性均可由白噪声加幂律噪声较好地描述,不同分析中心的尺度参数速度值在-0.22～-0.15 mm/a之间变化,尺度参数的周年信号显著,半周年信号相对较弱;卫星天线相位中心改正模型的变化对尺度参数的平均偏移量影响显著,对其随机特性、速度及季节性信号影响较小。  相似文献   

Evolution and obstacle factors of high-quality industrial development in the π-shaped Curve Area of the Yellow River basin in China     

SUN Yifang  WANG Ninglian 《地理学报(英文版)》2022,32(12):2430-2452

High-quality industrial development (HID) is a requirement of the modern economy and regional development. This paper designed a four-dimensional HID evaluation framework according to the logic of “development foundation-development theme-development subject-development guarantee.” Specifically, momentum cultivation as the foundation, efficiency improvement as the theme, and quality promotion as the subject are the three pivots driving the industrial transformation from high-speed development to high-quality development. A stable economic environment and a harmonious social environment are the guarantees of HID. Choosing the π-shaped Curve Area of the Yellow River basin in China as the study area, this paper measured the spatiotemporal pattern of HID and its four dimensions using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method based on relevant economic indicators. Besides, the obstacle recognition model was adopted to identify the obstacles to HID. Findings include: From 2005 to 2019, the HID in the Curve Area was characterized by spatial unevenness and relative stability. The industrial structure and industrial layout were more rational in provincial capitals and large cities than in other cities. The spatial organization of the industrial economy presented an incompact polycentric structure, and the industrial association was relatively weak in the curve’s upper reaches. Almost all cities have experienced an increase in single-factor productivity, and technological progress contributed most to the total factor productivity growth. During the study period, the development momentum stabilized at high levels in Inner Mongolia while at low levels in resource-based cities. The development environment in most cities has remained stable, and the social welfare has increased and distributed more equitably in the Area. The technological introduction and the rationalization of the industrial structure were the primary obstacle factors for the Area in realizing HID, and the upgrading of the industrial location index was critical to the upper reaches of the curve. This paper was expected to provide new ideas for studying industrial transformation and practical policy proposals for regional development in the Curve Area.  相似文献