Numerical modeling of the morphological change in Lhok Nga, west Banda Aceh, during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami: understanding tsunami deposits using a forward modeling method   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Linlin Li  Qiang Qiu  Zhenhua Huang 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(2):1549-1574

A coupled hydrostatic and morph-dynamic model COMCOT-SED was used to investigate the morphological change in Lhok Nga bay during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, and the coupled model predicted the thickness of tsunami deposits in agreement with the measured ones. The relationship between the characteristics of tsunami deposit and flow hydrodynamics was discussed in details. Phenomena such as landward thinning in deposit thickness, landward fining in grain size, and fining upwards in grain size are commonly used to identify tsunami deposits and were examined in this case study. We also discussed the effects of sediment supplies and the constraints that can be put on the earthquake parameters using the information derived from tsunami deposits. This study shows that the model presented in this paper is capable of simulating extreme tsunami events (tsunami wave height ~30?m) in a large domain and that forward models of tsunami sediment transport can be a promising tool to help tsunami geologists understand tsunami deposits.  相似文献   

农业活动对岩溶作用碳汇的影响:以重庆青木关地下河流域为例   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张兴波  蒋勇军  邱述兰  曹敏  胡毅军 《地球科学进展》2012,27(4):466-476

以受农业活动影响强烈的重庆青木关地下河流域为研究对象,利用CTDP300多参数水质自动记录仪、WGZ-1型光电数字水位计、HOBO小型气象站在线自动监测电导率、水位以及降雨等数据,并获取流域耕地面积数据,于2010年分月采集地下水样,分析常规水化学和地下水溶解无机碳δ13C,初步探讨流域农业活动对岩溶作用过程和碳汇的影响,发现农业活动对岩溶作用过程产生明显的影响,进而影响到岩溶地质碳汇。地下水水化学以及地下水δ13CDIC值证实了流域地下水DIC是碳酸、硝酸和硫酸共同溶蚀碳酸盐岩的产物;每月碳酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生DIC占地下水中总DIC的比例在55.53%～81.25%之间,雨季(62.98%)普遍低于旱季(74.86%);碳酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生的DIC的量为14.67×106mol/a,其中岩溶作用产生的净CO2汇量为7.335×106mol/a,而硝酸和硫酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生的DIC总量为7.48×106mol/a,约占地下水中总DIC的33.8%,单位面积耕地上硝酸和硫酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生DIC的强度为1.89×106mol/(km2.a)。人类活动引入的硝酸和硫酸参与碳酸盐岩的溶解并改变了区域碳循环。  相似文献   

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Qingmuguan Karst Underground River under Different Conditions     

CHEN Xuebin  Mo Xue  SHI Yang  Qiu Shulan 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):628-628

  相似文献   

虚拟主机服务应用技术研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李永红  周娜  房晓亮  吴晨 《震灾防御技术》2012,7(4):444-449

云技术是现代数据中心建设的关键技术之一,采用虚拟化技术,可提高设备的使用效率,节约建设资金,缩减系统运行、维护成本,增加业务系统运行的连续性和可靠性。本文结合山东省区域地震数据中心虚拟化技术的应用实践,总结了服务器虚拟化的成功经验,可为地震及相关行业数据中心虚拟主机服务建设方面提供借鉴与指导。  相似文献   

Ultrasound‐Assisted Emulsification–Microextraction Combined with Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for the Determination of Trace Lead in Water     

Hongmei Jiang  Yu Zhang  Bocheng Qiu  Wenhua Li 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(4):438-443

The ultrasound‐assisted emulsification–microextraction (USAEME) method was combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) for the determination of trace Pb using dithizone (H²DZ) as chelating reagent. Some effective parameters influenced the detection and microextraction, such as ashing temperature and atomization temperature, pH, extraction solvent, sample volume, extraction time, and extraction temperature were selected and optimized. After extraction, the calibration curves for Pb was in the concentration range of 0.1–10 ng mL^?1, and the linear equation was y = 0.097 x + 0.023 (R = 0.99). Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit of the method was 20 pg mL^?1 with an enrichment factor of 70 and the relative standards deviation (RSD) for seven determinations of 1 ng mL^?1 Pb was 11%. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine trace Pb in Yueya Lake water, pond water, and spiked samples. Furthermore, a certified reference material of Environment Water (GBW08607) was analyzed and the determined value was in good agreement with the certified value, which showed the accuracy, recovery, and applicability of the reported method.  相似文献   

准东博格达山山前带二叠系芦草沟组重油的发育特征及其指示意义     

杜小弟  李锋  邱海峻  李昭  徐银波 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(2):368-378

二叠系芦草沟组是准噶尔盆地东部地区最重要的烃源岩层系和勘探目的层系之一。2013年中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心在准噶尔盆地南缘博格达山山前带实施的油页岩调查井JZK1井钻探过程中,发现二叠系芦草沟组重油。通过对JZK1重油和岩心样品有机地球化学的测试数据研究表明:二叠系重油原油演化程度适中,主要赋存于岩石裂缝中,且经历过后期生物降解作用;油源对比指示,原油来自于芦草沟组本身,属自生自储型油藏。据此推测西起乌鲁木齐市雅玛里克山,东至奇台的白杨沟,断续延长136 km,宽2~10 km,分布面积约2×10⁴ km²的芦草沟组均为下步油气勘探的有利区。基于钻井和过井地震测线的解释结果,指出存在推覆体上盘和推覆体下盘两个勘探领域,且推覆体下盘的原生油藏领域埋藏深、规模大,是下步勘探重点领域。  相似文献   

闪锌矿流体包裹体显微红外测温及其矿床成因意义——以云南会泽超大型富锗银铅锌矿床为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韩润生  李波  倪培  邱文龙  王旭东  王天刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(1):91-104

显微红外测温是利用红外显微镜研究不透明半透明矿物的流体包裹体丰度和分布特征,并与冷热台相结合进行流体包裹体显微测温分析的一种有效的新技术。云南会泽超大型富锗银铅锌矿床是分布于川滇黔接壤区典型的会泽型(HZT)铅锌矿床。本文以该矿床的闪锌矿、方解石流体包裹体为例,应用显微红外测温技术发现闪锌矿中发育大量流体包裹体,按其相态可分为6类:纯气相(V)、富液相气液两相(L+V)、富气相气液两相(L+V)、纯液相(L)、含子矿物三相(L+V+S)、含CO₂三相(L_CO2+L_H2O+V_CO2)包裹体,而在热液方解石中仅发现富液相气液两相(L+V)、纯液相(L)包裹体。闪锌矿中的流体包裹体均一温度集中在2个区间:150~221℃和320~364℃;而盐度变化范围较大,主要集中于3个区间:12.0%~18.0%、5.0%~11.0%、1.1%~5.0%。不同世代闪锌矿流体包裹体均一温度大致反映成矿流体演化的全过程,而方解石流体包裹体均一温度主要反映成矿流体演化的中晚阶段,而且与脉石矿物(方解石)共生的闪锌矿流体包裹体均一温度也高于方解石包裹体均一温度;反映了闪锌矿流体包裹体较方解石更能反映成矿流体的信息,进一步揭示从早成矿阶段到晚成矿阶段,成矿流体大致经历了中高温-中盐度→中低温-中盐度→中低温-中低盐度的演化过程。通过压力校正后的流体包裹体捕获温度反映了早成矿阶段成矿流体呈中高温,进一步证实了该矿床并非低温矿床。通过矿床对比研究,不仅反映了该矿床明显不同于典型的MVT铅锌矿床,而且表明了显微红外测温技术为该类矿床成矿流体p-T-x条件及矿床成因的研究提供了新方法与途径,并将在金属矿床成矿流体的研究领域发挥重要作用。  相似文献   

草桃背矿床白垩纪橄榄玄粗岩与铀成矿关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张运涛  裴荣富  于波  陈永飞  杨东生  邱小平 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(5):1423-1435

赣南会昌断陷盆地沿石城-寻乌深断裂分布一条白垩纪橄榄玄粗岩系列的火山岩带。草桃背大型铀矿床内出露大富足岩体中-粗粒黑云母花岗岩及早白垩世晚期到晚白垩世早期橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩。大富足花岗岩体岩石w(SiO₂)平均为74.67％,碱总量(w（K₂O+Na₂O）)平均为7.99％,w(K₂O)>w(Na₂O),w(CaO)平均为0.54％,w(Al₂O₃)>w(CaO+Na₂O+K₂O),属高钾钙碱性岩石系列。橄榄玄粗系列火山岩岩石w(SiO₂)为45.78 %~59.78 %,w(K₂O+Na₂O)平均为7.37%,K₂O/Na₂O平均为1.02,w(TiO₂)平均为0.86%, 全铁质量分数平均为7.09%,属偏碱性橄榄玄粗质火山岩类。草桃背铀矿床赋矿岩性为橄榄玄粗岩、碎裂花岗岩及隐爆角砾岩。赋存于碎裂花岗岩及隐爆角砾岩中铀矿石化学成分,与围岩花岗岩成分相似;赋存于橄榄玄粗岩中铀矿石,Fe₂O₃+Fe₂O、CaO、MgO不同程度地带出,w(SiO₂)明显增高,表明橄榄玄粗岩在成矿过程中,通过输出大量Fe、Mg、Ca等阳离子而促进铀离子从含矿溶液中沉淀。草桃背矿床的铀矿化与充填在草桃背火山口的橄榄玄粗岩关系密切,在时间上相近、在空间上相伴、在成生上相关,受橄榄玄粗岩岩浆系列热动力的影响,铀元素发生活化、转移或物质交换而成矿,成岩成矿时代属早白垩世晚期到晚白垩世早期。从草桃背铀矿床岩石学、地球化学及赋矿特征入手,总结了铀成矿是富铀矿的花岗岩基底、北东向构造及火山作用结合的产物,橄榄玄粗岩提供热源,并指出半岭、上寮、小富足等地段是寻找草桃背式铀矿床的极有利地区。  相似文献   

塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带上奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层微观孔隙成因     

周波  邱海峻  段书府  李启明  邬光辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(2):351-359

塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带上奥陶统良里塔格组碳酸盐岩储集空间类型主要有孔、洞、缝三大类,微观储集空间主要有粒内溶孔、铸模孔、粒间溶孔、晶间溶孔和微裂缝。通过对台地边缘16口井的良里塔格组灰岩进行岩石薄片鉴定、胶结物地球化学分析以及成岩演化序列研究,指出微观孔隙主要形成于埋藏成岩环境中,并列出4项具有指示意义的证据,包括：方解石胶结物中高温包裹体普遍存在;方解石胶结物稳定氧碳同位素丰度分异特征;灰岩中丰富与优质储层伴生的指示埋藏成岩作用的白云石;广泛分布的H₂S气体。此外,分析了溶蚀性流体的主要组分和不同区域埋藏溶蚀作用强度的差异性。  相似文献   

Identifying scale-location specific control on vegetation distribution in mountain-hill region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

QIU Bing-wen  ZENG Can-ying  TANG Zheng-hong  LI Wei-jiao  Aaron HIRSH 《山地科学学报》2013,10(4):541-552

The scale-location specific control on vegetation distribution was investigated through continuous wavelet transforms approaches in subtropical mountain-hill region, Fujian, China. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated as an indicator of vegetation greenness using Chinese Environmental Disaster Reduction Satellite images along latitudinal and longitudinal transects. Four scales of variations were identified from the local wavelet spectrum of NDVI, with much stronger wavelet variances observed at larger scales. The characteristic scale of vegetation distribution within mountainous and hilly regions in Southeast China was around 20 km. Significantly strong wavelet coherency was generally examined in regions with very diverse topography, typically characterized as small mountains and hills fractured by rivers and residents. The continuous wavelet based approaches provided valuable insight on the hierarchical structure and its corresponding characteristic scales of ecosystems, which might be applied in defining proper levels in multilevel models and optimal bandwidths in Geographically Weighted Regression.  相似文献