激光荧光法测定土壤中铀的不确定度评定     

黄聪  董传江  王力  肖峰  李莉  郑洪龙 《铀矿地质》2020,(1):52-58,72

介绍了激光荧光法测定土壤中总铀含量的不确定度评定方法。建立了不确定度的测量模型,对不确定度来源进行了分析,并对不确定度分量进行量化,计算出环境级土壤样品总铀含量测量的扩展不确定度。结果表明,某0.1 g环境土壤干样总铀含量测量的扩展不确定度为13.04%(k=2),占主导作用的不确定度来源为样品荧光计数测量不确定度。  相似文献   

基于BP神经网络的滑坡监测多源异构数据融合算法研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王智伟  王利  黄观文  韩清清  徐甫  岳聪 《地质力学学报》2020,26(4):575-582

针对滑坡监测中的多源异构数据融合问题,论文提出了一种基于BP神经网络的多源异构监测数据融合算法。该算法将影响滑坡变形的温度、湿度、风力、云量、单日降水量和累计降水量等多环境因子变量作为输入变量,以滑坡位移变化量数据作为期望输出数据,并利用各环境因子变量和滑坡位移变化量的相关性及显著性进行环境因子变量筛选,以提高算法的预测精度。论文采用甘肃省永靖县黑方台党川滑坡的实测数据进行了试验,结果表明:反向传播（Back-Propagation,BP）神经网络数据融合算法适用于具有多源异构监测数据的滑坡变形预测;在进行环境变量因子筛选后,BP神经网络数据融合算法的决定系数达到0.985,均方根误差（RMSE）达到0.4787 mm,从而有效提高了变形预测结果的精度。   相似文献   

龙马溪组页岩不同显微形态有机质成因及其勘探潜力探讨   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

刘振庄  白名岗  杨玉茹  张聪  王向华  陈娟  谢婷  方立羽  秦丽娟 《岩矿测试》2020,39(2):199-207

有机质是页岩中最重要的组分,有机孔更是页岩气重要的储集空间,以扫描电镜为主流的微观分析检测技术成为页岩研究的重要手段,目前对有机质的综合研究正逐步成为页岩气勘探开发研究的重要内容。本次研究选取四川盆地及其外围龙马溪组富有机质页岩,采用氩离子抛光非镀膜样品,利用低电压近距离工作状态,对样品进行了高分辨率场发射扫描电镜检测,观察、总结了有机质显微形态,并依据其内部结构及组成特征对其生烃及储集能力进行了探讨。检测结果揭示:龙马溪组富有机质页岩中有机质主要有三种显微形态,分别是结构型沉积有机质、分异型交生有机质和填隙型运移有机质。结构型沉积有机质形成于沉积及早期成岩演化阶段,保留了部分生物结构特征或沉积定向构造;分异型交生有机质与黏土矿物交互生长并经历演化分异作用,形成了类似于岩浆岩中的“花岗结构”;而填隙型运移有机质形成于晚成岩有机质高演化阶段,为液态烃充填于自生矿物晶间,其周边矿物具有自形特征。龙马溪组页岩以填隙型运移有机质和分异型交生有机质为主,二者都发育丰富的有机质孔隙(孔径10~300nm),是龙马溪组页岩优质的生气母质,并具有优质的储集性能。研究结果为我国海相龙马溪组页岩气生成理论及勘探开发评价提供了较深层次的微观信息。  相似文献   

强干扰区含噪电磁场的时空分布特征     

周聪  汤井田  原源  李广  肖晓  邓居智 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(6):1870-1886

噪声是限制电磁勘探应用效果的瓶颈之一,明确含噪电磁场数据的特征是强干扰区开展电磁法研究的首要问题。本文依据庐枞矿集区的干扰源调查及大量实测数据,通过对比不同条件、多种类型的电磁场数据,归纳了强干扰区电磁噪声源的主要类型,并总结了含噪电磁场数据的时间域、频率域及空间分布特征。结果表明：强干扰区噪声源可按多种形式进行分类;含噪电磁场数据在时间域常具有显著的形态、振幅、结构及相关性特征;时频谱常表现出不同的时间分段及频率分带特征;频域响应常呈分频带畸变特征,以"近源"型畸变最为典型;噪声影响的空间分布与场源类型、观测方位及地下结构等因素相关。  相似文献   

基于激光扫描技术的变电站三维模型的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘求龙  胡伍生  王骢  徐君民 《测绘工程》2010,19(5):38-40

通过利用地面三维激光扫描仪获取的空间数据,进行惠泉变电站三维空间地物建模研究,建立三维仿真模型。通过研究发现,利用三维激光扫描技术可以快速建立三维空间的可视化模型,解决传统的测量仪器与测量方法在变电站等特殊领域的应用不足,为实现变电站资源、景观、安全、环境管理等社会资源的数字化、网络化及动态可视化,提供一个变电站的三维模型平台构建的新方向。  相似文献   

Resources and environmental systems management under synchronic interval uncertainties     

Guanhui?Cheng  Guohe?HuangEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Cong?Dong  Ying?Lv  Junlong?Zhang  Yao?Yao  Xiujuan?Chen 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2018,32(2):435-456

Resources and environmental systems management (RESM) is challenged by the synchronic effects of interval uncertainties in the related practices. The synchronic interval uncertainties are misrepresented as random variables, fuzzy sets, or interval numbers in conventional RESM programming techniques including stochastic programming. This may lead to ineffectiveness of resources allocation, high costs of recourse measures, increased risks of unreasonable decisions, and decreased optimality of system profits. To fill the gap of few corresponding studies, a synchronic interval linear programming (SILP) method is proposed in this study. The proposition of interval sets and interval functions and coupling them with linear programming models lead to development of an SILP model for RESM. This enables incorporation of interval uncertainties in resource constraints and synchronic interval uncertainties in the programming objective into the optimization process. An analysis of the distribution-independent geometric properties of the feasible regions of SILP models results in proposition of constraint violation likelihoods. The tradeoff between system optimality and constraint violation is analyzed. The overall optimality of SILP systems under synchronic intervalness is quantified through proposition of integrally optimal solutions. Integration of these efforts leads to a violation-constrained interval integral method for optimization of RESM systems under synchronic interval uncertainties. Comparisons with selected existing methods reveal the effectiveness of SILP at eliminating negativity of synchronic intervalness, enabling risk management of and achieving overall optimality of RESM systems, and enhancing the reliability of optimization techniques for RESM problems. The exploited framework for analyzing synchronic interval uncertainties in RESM systems is helpful for addressing synchronisms of other uncertainties such as randomness or fuzziness and avoiding the resultant decision mistakes and disasters due to neglecting them.  相似文献   

辽宁阜新井水温破年变与加速下降原因分析     

王喜龙  贾晓东  王海燕  李彤霞  付聪  孔祥瑞  张琪  翟丽娜 《中国地震》2018,34(2):371-378

阜新井水温于2015年8月出现破年变变化,至2016年3月水温出现加速下降现象,最大降幅达7.2‰℃,距水温井约16m处的体应变井辅助水位亦出现同步下降变化。通过对水温井观测系统、区域地质特征和周边环境等进行调查发现,水温井东北约1km处的新打深水井大量抽水可能是造成水温及水位下降变化的原因。将新井抽水时间与阜新井水温及其他前兆测项观测数据进行对比分析,结果显示水温、体应变和钻孔水位等数据的变化与新打井在成因、空间、时间和强度上都存在明显的相关性。故阜新井水温及辅助水位同步变化为附近新井抽水干扰所致,排除为地震前兆异常的可能。  相似文献   

Attribution of runoff change in the alpine basin: a case study of the Heihe Upstream Basin,China     

Zhentao Cong  Muhammad Shahid  Huimin Lei  Dawen Yang 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(6):1013-1028

Quantifying the relative contributions of different factors to runoff change is helpful for basin management, especially in the context of climate change and anthropogenic activities. The effect of snow change on runoff is seldom evaluated. We attribute the runoff change in the Heihe Upstream Basin (HUB), an alpine basin in China, using two approaches: a snowmelt-based water balance model and the Budyko framework. Results from these approaches show good consistency. Precipitation accounts for 58% of the increasing runoff. The contribution of land-cover change seems unremarkable for the HUB as a whole, where land-cover change has a major effect on runoff in each sub-basin, but its positive effect on increasing runoff in sub-basins 1 and 3 is offset by the negative effect in sub-basin 2. Snow change plays an essential role in each sub-basin, with a contribution rate of around 30%. The impact of potential evapotranspiration is almost negligible.