贵州茂兰喀斯特森林植被演替序列的数量分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

刘攀峰  杨瑞  安明态  邹军  魏鲁明  喻理飞 《中国岩溶》2008,27(4):329-334

综合运用双向指示种分析法( TWINSPAN)及除趋势对应分析法( DCA)进行分类及排序,确定了贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区森林群落的演替序列。结果表明: 根据DCA排序可将研究区植被群落的演替过程分为四个阶段,即草地→ 灌丛→乔林→顶极群落;根据TW IN SPAN分类结果可将植被分为11个群丛,其中,第Ⅰ 、Ⅱ 、Ⅲ 、Ⅳ 群丛为草本阶段,第Ⅴ 、Ⅵ 群丛为灌丛阶段,Ⅶ 、Ⅷ 、Ⅸ 群丛为乔林阶段,第Ⅹ 、Ⅺ群丛为顶极阶段。茂兰喀斯特植被演替顶极群落为亚热带常绿落叶阔叶林群落,是一种典型的地形— 土壤演替顶极,是植被与当地环境长期适应的结果。   相似文献   

差应力与石英组构关系的实验研究     

马瑞  田海民  张刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(1):89

为了探讨柯石英的形成条件,利用河北省平山县西柏坡地区太古代阜平群中的黑云母片麻岩进行高温高压条件下的岩石变形实验。实验的温度为800 ℃,围压为0.2 GPa,应变量为10%,应变速率为10^-5/s。实验结果表明,变形后样品中不同部位石英颗粒的激光拉曼光谱与标准的石英光谱相比较发生了明显的变化,具体表现为：挤压带中,石英颗粒的光谱出现了9个峰,而标准石英光谱为6个峰;在剪切带中,石英颗粒的谱线只有一个清晰的峰,在拉伸带中,石英颗粒的谱线无论峰的数目还是出现的位置都与标准石英光谱有着显著的区别,说明导致岩石变形的差应力对石英晶格结构的改造具有一定的影响。  相似文献   

Influence of environmental, root, and stand parameters on soil surface CO₂ efflux in a Populus euphratica of desert forest in extreme arid region     

ZongQiang Chang  Qi Feng  YongHong Su  JianHua Si  HaiYang Xi  ShengKui Cao  Rui Guo 《寒旱区科学》2009,1(4):0348-0355

Spatial variation in soil surface CO2 efflux was measured in a stand of Populus euphratica in the Ejina Oasis of desert riparian forest in the extreme arid region in northwestern China from April 2007 through October 2007.Measurements were taken with a gas-exchange analyzer linked to a soil-respiration chamber.The mean soil CO2 efflux in the stand was 2.71 μmol/(m2·s) during the growing season and 1.38 μmol/(m2·s) in the nongrowing season.The seasonal maximum (end of May through early June) andminimum (October) CO2 efflux were 3.38 and 0.69 μmol/(m2·s),respectively.The diurnal fluctuation of CO2 efflux was relatively small (< 20 percent),with theminimum appearing around 05:00 and the maximum around 15:00.Linear regression analysis showed soil-surface CO2 efflux to be most highly correlated with soil temperature (R2=0.435) and soil moisture (R2=0.213).When all variables were considered simultaneously,only soil temperature (R2=0.378),soil moisture (R2=0.147),and root volume density (R2=0.021) explained a significant amount of variance in soil surface CO2 efflux.Stand volumes were not correlated with soil CO2 efflux on our sites.  相似文献   

Simulation analysis on characteristics of land surface over western Qinghai-Xizang Plateau during freezing-thawing period     

ChengHai Wang  Rui Shi  Yang Cui  HongChao Zuo 《寒旱区科学》2009,1(4)

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环境激励下一种基于免疫机制的结构损伤诊断方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李睿  于德介  曾威 《地震工程与工程振动》2009,29(3)

结构状况发生改变时,结构的振动特性将发生变化。免疫算法能有效检测出振动特性的变化。本文将环境激励下的结构响应重构相空间,对其进行奇异值分解后,选择适当个数的奇异值构造特征参数集合,应用反向选择算法进行异常值检测,以ASCE学会提出的基准结构为对象进行研究,讨论了不同个数的特征参数对检测结果的影响。分析表明,该算法能有效地判断结构状况的变化。  相似文献   

地磁垂直分量归零法及其初步应用     

张翼  和锐 《国际地震动态》2009,(4)

地磁垂直分量与地下介质的关系密切,地震发生之前地磁垂直分量日变化易于发生畸变使日均值发生改变,但是地磁受高空磁场扰动的影响很大,在磁暴和地磁扰动时日变化发生的畸变会掩盖地磁垂直分量日均值地震前的微小变化.本文提出一种新的地磁数据处理方法-地磁垂直分量归零法处理日均值,减少外空磁场对地磁垂直分量的影响,提取其地震前兆特征.  相似文献   

活断层设防分析     

铁瑞  郭明珠  何喆  王俊 《世界地震工程》2009,25(3)

我国是一个多地震的国家,活断层分布广泛.对活断层地震的防御通常采用避让和抗震设防设计两种手段.避让距离的确定和在抗震规范中如何考虑近场地震动的影响两方面的研究目前正是迫切需要解决的重要问题.文中主要针对这两方面的研究现状和发展前景做初步探讨.  相似文献   

羌塘中央隆起带深部结构特征研究及其意义   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

贺日政  高锐  侯贺晟  邓功  卢占武  郑洪伟  管烨  李秋生  张季生 《地球物理学进展》2009,24(3):900-908

羌塘含油气盆地是我国境内最大的中新生代海相沉积盆地.羌塘地体内的中央隆起将盆地分为南北两个盆地.中央隆起带构造属性认识存在两种截然不同的分歧,一是伸展环境下形成,整个羌塘盆地有着同一的基底.而另一认识其是一古特提斯缝合带,其两侧盆地具有不同的演化机制.调查羌塘中央隆起的深部结构特征及其与南北两侧的盆地间的构造关系是认识羌塘盆地基底性质及其油气远景之关键科学问题.尽管羌塘地体在青藏高原形成演化过程中遭到了强烈改造,但在收集并分析已有地球物理资料基础上认为其深部结构仍有可能被完整保存.因此,利用密集宽频带流动台网观测,获取其深部结构,进而研究其与两侧盆地关系,是当前羌塘含油气盆地研究之重要突破口,同时该项研究符合我国当前国家油气资源战略评估政策.  相似文献   

A value chain approach to crisis response system: the case of Qingdao     

Jian Hua Li  Zheng Ping Zhang  Rui Huan Jing  Chong Fu Huang 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2009,23(4):485-492

In this paper, we introduce a value chain approach, on the view of the value chain analytic in business management, to be the framework of a crisis response system serving for crisis management strategy in identifying risk sources, responding to unexpected events, and recovering from a shock. This system is not only a computer system but also a system of governmental emergency response mechanism and it is tremendous and complex. The system integrates and coordinates the correlative resources of emergency response units of the city. We consider the efficiency of the system. In addition, the run cost of the system also is taken into account. Based on this framework, the Qingdao’s practical situation is analyzed. As a result, a design proposal of the Qingdao’s crisis response system is put forward.  相似文献   

Liquefaction macrophenomena in the great Wenchuan earthquake   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Longwei Chen  Xiaoming Yuan  Zhenzhong Cao  Longqing Hou  Rui Sun  Lin Dong  Weiming Wang  Fanchao Meng  Hongjuan Chen 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2009,8(2):219-229

On May 12, 2008 at 14:28, a catastrophic magnitude M 8.0 earthquake struck the Sichuan Province of China.The epicenter was located at Wenchuan (31.00°N, 103.40°E). Liquefaction macrophenomena and corresponding destruction was observed throughout a vast area of 500 km long and 200 km wide following the earthquake. This paper illustrates the geographic distribution of the liquefaction and the relationship between liquefaction behavior and seismic intensity, and summarizes the liquefaction macrophenomena, including sandboils and waterspouts, ground subsidence, ground fissures etc., and relevant liquefaction features. A brief summary of the structural damage caused by liquefaction is presented and discussed. Based on comparisons with liquefaction phenomena observed in the 1976 Tangshan and 1975 Haicheng earthquakes, preliminary analyses were performed, which revealed some new features of liquefaction behavior and associated issues arising from this event. The site investigation indicated that the spatial non-uniformity of liquefaction distribution was obvious and most of the liquefied sites were located in regions of seismic intensity Ⅷ. However, liquefaction phenomena at ten different sites in regions of seismic intensity Ⅵ were also observed for the first time in China mainland. Sandboils and waterspouts ranged from centimeters to tens of meters, with most between 1 m to 3 m. Dramatically high water/sand ejections,e.g., more than 10 m, were observed at four different sites. The sand ejections included silty sand, fine sand, medium sand,course sand and gravel, but the ejected sand amount was less than that in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. Possible liquefaction of natural gravel soils was observed for the first time in China mainland.  相似文献