排序方式： 共有10条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
Recent significant tornadoes in China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
正1.Introduction Compared with the United States,whose annual number of tornadoes can exceed 1000,the average number of tornadoes per year in China over the past half a century is estimated to be fewer than 100(Fan and Yu,2015),even though both countries are located in a similar latitudinal zone of the Northern Hemisphere.The annual average recorded number of F1(Fujita scale)or EF1(enhanced Fujita scale)intensity or higher tornadoes in China between 1961 and 2010 is about 相似文献
2.
Based on ERA5 reanalysis data and multi-source observations, including polarimetric radar and automatic weather stations, this study analyzes the formation mechanism and microphysical characteristics of a warm-sector heavy rainfall event caused by a convective system with multiple-rain-bands organizational mode over the western coast of south China. In the early stage, under the influence of coastal convergence and topography, convection was triggered in the coastal mountainous areas and moved n... 相似文献
3.
利用常规观测、自动气象站、多普勒雷达等资料分析珠江三角洲台风龙卷的活动特征及其产生的环境条件。结果表明:台风龙卷发生在6—10月,时间多为10—20时,出现在台风登陆后1.3～21.3 h的时段内;多数龙卷位于台风中心的东北象限,台风中心在广东湛江一广西东南部或北部湾附近时是珠江三角洲龙卷发生的高风险期。高层辐散、低层辐合及中低空强东南急流在珠江口附近叠加是龙卷产生的有利环流背景。强或弱龙卷环境条件的共同特征为低抬升凝结高度、强深层和低层垂直风切变及较大风暴相对螺旋度(SRH),主要差异是强龙卷的深层和低层垂直风切变与SRH更大;相似台风路径下,有/无龙卷环境条件的明显差异在于0～1 km低层垂直风切变和SRH,两值越大出现超级单体或中气旋的可能性越大,龙卷发生概率也就越高。台风龙卷风暴母体属于低质心的微型超级单体风暴;低层有强或中等强度中气旋,有时强中气旋中心伴有龙卷涡旋特征(TVS);龙卷出现在钩状回波顶端或TVS附近。与西风带超级单体龙卷相比,台风龙卷中气旋的尺度更小、垂直伸展高度更低。 相似文献
4.
利用X波段双极化相控阵雷达等多源观测资料,分析了2022年6月19日早晨广东佛山超级单体龙卷的环境条件和对流风暴的结构及演变特征。龙卷母体风暴是在强西南季风天气背景下的一条东北-西南向飑线南端发展起来的。环境条件具备较大对流有效位能、低抬升凝结高度和强垂直风切变等有利于超级单体龙卷发生发展的热力和动力条件;低空风暴相对螺旋度、超级单体复合指数和强龙卷指数的显著增强对超级单体龙卷的发生有较好指示意义。具有高时空分辨率的佛山南海X波段双极化相控阵雷达探测到了龙卷母体微型超级单体的发展过程和龙卷涡旋的演变特征：对流单体在前侧低层入流的加强下逐渐形成钩状回波和反射率弱回波空洞;中气旋首先在2.5km附近高度形成后向低层伸展,随着后侧下沉气流的加强,低层涡旋旋转增强,当低层中气旋旋转速度超过22m·s-1(强中气旋)且直径紧缩至1.5km以内时,龙卷即将触地,龙卷涡旋特征(TVS)和龙卷碎片特征(TDS)出现是龙卷触地的主要特征,龙卷发生在反射率弱回波空洞、TVS和TDS附近。 相似文献
5.
1804号台风“艾云尼”龙卷分析 总被引：13，自引：5，他引：8
2018年6月8日,在1804号台风“艾云尼”螺旋雨带中发生了两次陆龙卷天气,分别袭击了广州市南沙区横沥镇和佛山市南海区大沥镇。利用广州CINRAD/SA多普勒天气雷达、佛山CINRAD/XD多普勒天气雷达、5 min间隔的地面自动气象站和MICAPS等资料,研究了两次陆龙卷的天气背景、环境参数和龙卷风暴中尺度结构特征。结果表明:广州南沙龙卷为台风环流外围龙卷,位于台风中心的东北象限,强度为EF3级;佛山南海龙卷为台风环流内部龙卷,位于台风中心的东侧,强度为EF1级。龙卷均发生在中低空强东南急流在珠江口附近上下叠加和高层辐散的有利大尺度环流背景下。环境条件表现为较强的低层风垂直切变和较大的风暴相对螺旋度（SRH）、较小的对流有效位能（CAPE）和对流抑制能量（CIN）、极低的抬升凝结高度（LCL）;地面存在中尺度辐合线和小尺度涡旋。广州S波段雷达探测到两次龙卷母风暴的低层钩状回波和入流缺口回波特征及低层中等强度中气旋,龙卷出现在钩状回波顶端、中气旋中心附近。佛山X波段双偏振雷达清晰地探测到佛山南海区大沥龙卷的微型超级单体和龙卷碎片特征（TDS）。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
基于2012—2019年自动站雷暴大风观测实况和对应雷达回波,利用传统机器学习方法(决策树)和深度学习方法(CNN、YOLO)等三种机器学习方法分别建立雷暴大风自动识别模型。根据广东雷暴大风回波特征,选取50 dBZ高度、反射率因子强度梯度等5个回波参量作为决策树的特征因子;将1～9 km高度的雷达回波分为11层,作为YOLOv3的输入层,使其由原3个特征层扩展到11层,训练优化后的YOLOv3可更合理刻画雷暴大风的空间结构特征。经批量测试和业务试运行试验,检验结果表明：三种模型中基于决策树的模型虚警最高,基于CNN的模型漏报最多,基于YOLO的模型识别效果最好,其POD和CSI均最高。通过对广东2020年汛期5次系统性和5次局地性雷暴大风过程进行分类型自动识别效果评估,并选取任意天气下长达30天连续时段进行不间断识别检验,结果表明该算法对于不同类型的雷暴大风均有较好的识别能力,具备业务化应用前景。 相似文献
9.
利用偏振升级改造后的广州新一代天气雷达（CINRAD/SAD）水平反射率ZH、差分传播相移率KDP、差分反射率因子ZDR和广东佛山219个地面气象自动站雨量数据,形成不同偏振量组合的8个数据集。基于卷积神经网络（CNN）,建立雷达定量降水估测网络架构QPEnet, 并将该架构用于雷达定量降水估测（QPE）,评估结果表明：数据集通道数N的增加可降低QPEnet的定量降雨估测的均方根误差（RMSE）,并提高相关系数（CORR）;对于由ZH形成的数据集Z、Z_1~3 km和Z_6 min,随着通道数N的增加,数据集Z、Z_1~3 km和Z_6 min的性能逐步得到提高,数据集Z_1~3 km和Z_6 min的均方根误差（RMSE）分别是4.71和3.78,比数值集Z分别降低了1.3%和18.7%;数据集Z_1~3 km和Z_6 min的CORR分别是0.82和0.88,比数据集Z分别提高了2.5%和10.0%;对于ZH、KDP和ZDR偏振量组成的数据集里面,数据集Z_ZDR_KDP的拟合性能最好,RMSE为3.97,比数据集Z的RMSE降低了14.6%,CORR是0.86,比数据集Z提高了7.5%;分别对0.6～5 mm、5～10 mm、10～20 mm、20～30 mm、30～40 mm、40～50 mm和50 mm以上的7个降水量级的均方根误差（RMSE）、平均偏差比（MBR）、平均误差（AE）和相对误差（RE）等的统计结果表明,数据集Z_6 min降雨精度最高。 相似文献
10.
In this paper, the data of Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs), ERA5 reanalysis, sounding, wind profile radar, and dual-polarization radar are used to study an extreme rainfall event in the south China Coast on 11 to 12 May 2022 from the aspects of thermodynamics and microphysical characteristics under the influence of low-level jets (LLJs). Results show that: (1) The extreme rainfall event can be divided into two stages: the first stage (S1) from 0000 to 0600 LST on May 12 and the second stage (S2) from 0700 to 1700 LST on the same day. During S1, the rainfall is mainly caused by the upper-level shortwave trough and the boundary layer jet (BLJ), characterized by strong upward motion on the windward side of mountains. In S2, the combined influence of the BLJ and synoptic-system-related low-level jet (SLLJ) increases the vertical wind shear and vertical vorticity, strengthening the rainstorm. In combination with the effect of topography, a warm and humid southwest flow continuously transports water vapor to farther north, resulting in a significant increase in rainfall over the study area (on the terrain’s windward slope). From S1 to S2, the altitude of a divergence center in the upper air decreases obviously. (2) The rainfalls in the two stages are both associated with the mesoscale convergence line (MCL) on the surface, and the wind field from the mesoscale outflow boundary (MOB) in S1 is in the same direction as the environmental winds. Due to a small area of convergence that is left behind the MOB, convection moves eastward quickly and causes a short duration of heavy rainfall. In S2, the convergence along the MOB is enhanced, which strengthens the rainfall and leads to strong outflows, further enhancing the surface convergence near the MOB and forming a positive feedback mechanism. It results in a slow motion of convection and a long duration of heavy rainfall. (3) In terms of microphysics, the center of a strong echo in S1 is higher than in S2. The warm-rain process of the oceanic type characterizes both stages, but the convective intensity in S2 is significantly stronger than that in S1, featuring bigger drop sizes and lower concentrations. It is mainly due to the strengthening of LLJs, which makes small cloud droplets lift to melting levels, enhancing the ice phase process (riming process), producing large amounts of graupel particles and enhancing the melting and collision processes as they fall, resulting in the increase of liquid water content (LWC) and the formation of large raindrops near the surface. 相似文献
1