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11.
There has been a revival in hydrocarbon source rock characterization and development associated with growing interest in unconventional resources, where these fine-grained organic-rich rocks act as both source and reservoir. To-date, the exploration focus on shale reservoirs has been largely on marine systems. Lacustrine source rocks for conventional resources are geographically important, dominating regions such as China, Indonesia, and Brazil's resource-base. However, they have been generally untested for unconventional resources.There are a number of key differences in the nature of these hydrocarbon systems that should be considered when assessing whether lacustrine systems may represent future unconventional opportunities in areas where the conventional resource-base is dominated by lacustrine-sourced oil. Among the key differences between these depositional systems is the greater sensitivity to high frequency climatic variability within lacustrine systems. Lacustrine systems are highly sensitive to changes in the balance between precipitation and evaporation, which may lead to rapid changes in lake level, potentially exceeding 600 m. These changes in depositional conditions are geologically rapid and may occur over periods of thousands of years. Such changes can reduce the areal extent of potentially thick source rock intervals to only those portions of a basin where a permanent deep lake was present. Thus the core unconventional target area may be geographically limited compared with their marine counterpart. Although potentially areally limited, a review of many lacustrine source rocks suggests that their thicknesses are often significantly greater than marine source rocks. An examination of the more distal portions of lacustrine systems, where better source rock potential is present reveals that there is generally limited connectivity between source and conventional reservoir. In these settings, such as the Wind River basin (Waltman Shale), the hydrocarbons remain trapped within the shales, potentially leading to over-pressured hydrocarbon charged systems. Such conditions suggest that although areally limited, viable unconventional targets may exist, if suitable reservoir conditions are present. Finally, the character of the oils produced is different in these settings, with lacustrine oils being waxy and displaying different hydrocarbon generation and cracking kinetics. High wax oils display distinct flow characteristics, being more viscous, and may offer different production challenges than their non-waxy marine equivalents. Additionally, differences in their cracking kinetics may indicate that the timing of gas generation for shale gas plays may differ significantly from marine systems. 相似文献
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湖泊三角洲沉积露头精细解剖——以鄂尔多斯盆地裴庄剖面为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
客观、精细刻画储集体内部结构已成为油气精细勘探开发的必然要求.沉积露头为地下储层地质模型的建立发挥着不可替代的作用.以鄂尔多斯盆地裴庄剖面延安组为例,采用沉积学和构型要素的分析方法,详细剖析了湖泊三角洲水下沉积的内部结构.研究表明,裴庄剖面发育9种岩相类型,3类岩相组合,进而可识别出前三角洲、席状砂、远砂坝、河口坝、水下分流河道、水下分流间湾等6类沉积结构单元.在水下分流河道中可识别出5级界面.研究认为,浅水三角洲前缘的砂体并非仅有水下分流河道,还有河口坝、远砂坝以及席状砂等多种类型.裴庄剖面总体为一套向上变粗的沉积序列,三角洲前缘的前积结构表现不明显.加强露头研究并开展针对性的物理模拟实验,是解答浅水三角洲研究争论的重要途径. 相似文献
14.
冀中坳陷潜山是增储上产的重要领域,奥陶系潜山由于储层非均质性强、控藏因素复杂,因此一直制约着油气勘探的新发现。基于大量岩心、薄片、测井、地震及地球化学数据和地质分析的基础上,对其成藏条件及成藏模式进行了系统分析,指导杨税务潜山、文安斜坡潜山勘探取得重要突破。研究表明：冀中坳陷发育古近系沙三段和沙四段以及上古生界石炭—二叠系3套烃源岩,为潜山油气藏的形成提供了充足的物质基础;明确了碳酸盐岩“云化-岩溶-断裂”三主因叠合控储机理,建立了岩溶孔洞型、断裂孔缝型和云岩孔隙型3种储层模式,拓展了勘探空间;受印支期、燕山期、喜山期多期构造作用叠加控制,形成了先隆后凹型和先凹后隆型两种成因潜山圈闭类型。通过奥陶系潜山成藏要素分析,总结出3种潜山油气成藏模式：低位构造-岩性复合准层状潜山成藏模式、中位古储古堵块状潜山成藏模式和高位古储新堵块状潜山成藏模式。综合评价,目前冀中坳陷北部低位构造-岩性复合准层状潜山成藏条件最为有利,泗村店潜山和新镇潜山是下一步勘探的有利方向。 相似文献
15.
基底构造在沉积盆地的形成与演化过程中扮演着重要的角色。本文利用地球物理资料和地表地质调查数据,对二连盆地早白垩世断陷分布规律与基底构造特征及其关系进行了研究,并分析了基底构造对富油凹陷的控制作用。结果表明,二连盆地早白垩世68个断陷总体上自北东向南西呈弥散式分布,这些断陷可分为南部断陷群与北部断陷群,断陷群夹持在隆起之间,总体上构成了正负相间的盆岭构造格局。基底构造控制着二连盆地早白垩世断陷分布,表现为:断陷群沿着深断裂分布;坳陷对应着基底先存复向斜,隆起对应着基底先存复背斜;刚性的锡林浩特地块分割了断陷群。深断裂作为构造薄弱区在伸展变形过程中优先重新活动,并控制着断陷的发育与分布;盖层演化和基底构造之间具有良好的继承性;基底流变性发生突变的区带对断陷的发育与分布也具有控制作用。盆地基底断裂带上叠的凹陷、基底断裂带交汇处上叠的凹陷和刚性基底上新生的凹陷在伸展变形过程中构造继承性好、沉降量大、优质烃源岩发育,是富油凹陷发育的有利区域。 相似文献
16.
<正>Unlike traditional resources,mud shale has the characteristics of low porosity,low permeability,small pore structure,nanoscale pore as the main body.The microscopic pore structures of mud shale can not only influence the occurrence state of shale gas and gas content,but also influence the hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of source rocks,which makes the study of shale gas reservoir 相似文献
17.
TANG Xuan JIANG Zaixing ZHAO Xianzheng ZHANG Ruifeng CHUI Zhouqi HUANG Zhenglin WANG Jimao 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(Z1):277-278
<正>Tight oil,a kind of unconventional oil accumulation that accumulates in source rocks in a free or adsorbed status in low or ultra-low porous sandstones or carbonates rocks which are interbedded with or adjacent to source rocks.Generally,the oil has not experienced a large-scale,long-distance migration(Zhang Jinchuan,et al.,2012;Jia 相似文献
18.
Late Paleozoic sedimentary strata outcrop extensively in central Inner Mongolia, and are a key to understanding the tectonic evolution of the southeastern Central Orogenic Belt. A combined analysis of petrography, whole-rock major and trace element, and Nd isotope is carried out on representative sandstones from the Late Paleozoic sedimentary strata (420–270 Ma). The sandstones are mainly wackes and litharenites in lithology, with low SiO2/Al2O3 of 2.85–9.47 (averagely 5.22) and poor textural and compositional maturities, implying short sediment transportation between the depositional basins and provenances. The trace element compositions are generally comparable to that of the average upper continent crust (UCC), with negatively-sloping chondrite-normalized rare earth element distribution patterns ((La/Yb)N = 3.43–11; averagely 6.94) and flat UCC-normalized trace element distribution patterns. The Nd isotopic compositions show great variation (ԐNd(t) = −5.01 to 5.35) with depositional time of the sandstones, and coincide well with the arc magmatic phases in central Inner Mongolia. The geochemical signatures of the sandstones indicate that the dominant provenances are intermediate to felsic arc magmatic rocks that have ages approximating the deposition, although old, recycled sediments may have made a minor contribution. An active continental arc setting during the Late Paleozoic in central Inner Mongolia, controlled by the northward subduction of the Paleo-Asian oceanic slab, was the most likely depositional tectonic setting of the sandstones. This active continental arc setting continued to at least 270 Ma, implying that the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean along the Solonker suture zone most likely occurred sometime during the Late Permian to Early Triassic. The northward subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean is likely of West Pacific-style, in which the present-day Baolidao arc has a close genetic link with the South Mongolian microcontinent and, likely, the former originally formed as the arc margin of the latter. 相似文献
19.
The Qiongdongnan Basin and Zhujiang River(Pearl River) Mouth Basin, important petroliferous basins in the northern South China Sea, contain abundant oil and gas resource. In this study, on basis of discussing impact of oil-base mud on TOC content and Rock-Eval parameters of cutting shale samples, the authors did comprehensive analysis of source rock quality, thermal evolution and control effect of source rock in gas accumulation of the Qiongdongnan and the Zhujiang River Mouth Basins. The contrast analysis of TOC contents and Rock-Eval parameters before and after extraction for cutting shale samples indicates that except for a weaker impact on Rock-Eval parameter S_2, oil-base mud has certain impact on Rock-Eval S_1, Tmax and TOC contents. When concerning oil-base mud influence on source rock geochemistry parameters, the shales in the Yacheng/Enping,Lingshui/Zhuhai and Sanya/Zhuhai Formations have mainly Type Ⅱ and Ⅲ organic matter with better gas potential and oil potential. The thermal evolution analysis suggests that the depth interval of the oil window is between 3 000 m and 5 000 m. Source rocks in the deepwater area have generated abundant gas mainly due to the late stage of the oil window and the high-supper mature stage. Gas reservoir formation condition analysis made clear that the source rock is the primary factor and fault is a necessary condition for gas accumulation. Spatial coupling of source, fault and reservoir is essential for gas accumulation and the inside of hydrocarbon-generating sag is future potential gas exploration area. 相似文献
20.