Holocene vegetational and climatic variation in westerly-dominated areas of Central Asia inferred from the Sayram Lake in northern Xinjiang,China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

JIANG QingFeng  JI JunFeng  SHEN Ji  Ryo MATSUMOTO  TONG GuoBang  QIAN Peng  REN XueMei  YAN DeZhi 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2013,(3):339-353

Changes in the vegetation and climate of the westerly-dominated areas in Central Asia during the Holocene were interpreted using pollen-assemblages and charcoal data from a 300-cm-long sediment core of the Sayram Lake,northern Xinjiang.Accele-rator Mass Spectrometry(AMS) radiocarbon dating methods were applied to bulk organic matter of the samples.Artemisia spp./Chenopodiaceae ratios and results from principal component analysis were used to infer that the lake basin was dominated by desert vegetation before ca.9.6 cal.ka BP,which suggests a warm and dry climate in the early Holocene.Desert steppe/steppe expanded during 9.6-5.5 cal.ka BP,indicating a remarkable increase both in the precipitation and temperature during the mid-Holocene.Desert vegetation dominated between 6.5 and 5.5 cal.ka BP,marking an extreme warmer and drier interval.The steppe/meadow steppe recovered,and temperatures decreased from 5.5 cal.ka BP in the late Holocene,as indicated by the increased abundance of Artemisia and the development of meadows.Holocene temperatures and moisture variations in the Sayram Lake areas were similar to those of adjacent areas.This consistency implies that solar radiation was the main driving factor for regional temperature changes,and that the effect of temperature variations was significant on regional changes in humidity.The evolution of climate and environment in the Sayram Lake areas,which were characterized as dry in the early Holocene and relatively humid in the middle-late Holocene,are clearly different from those in monsoonal areas.Dry conditions in the early Holocene in the Sayram Lake areas were closely related to decreased water vapor advection.These conditions were a result of reduced westerly wind speeds and less evaporation upstream,which in turn were caused by seasonal changes in solar radiation superimposed by strong evaporation following warming and drying local climate.  相似文献   

面向集聚分布空间数据的混合式索引方法研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周侗  龙毅  汤国安  胡雷地 《地理与地理信息科学》2010,26(1)

空间数据索引技术可以有效地提高空间数据在存储、处理、分析以及地图可视化中的效率,其性能优劣直接影响GIS的整体性能。该文针对格网索引和四叉树索引存在的问题,提出将四叉树嵌入格网形成一种混合式空间索引结构,并分析其原理、数据结构与影响参数。理论分析及实验证明,对于空间集聚分布状态的海量地理数据而言,混合式索引方法以略高的存储代价换取了更高的检索、插入和删除效率,是一种有效的空间索引方案。  相似文献   

辽宁本溪暖和洞早全新世石笋年纹层记录     

郭允  吴江滢  汪永进  董进国 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2012,(2):135-141

据位于典型东亚季风区辽宁本溪暖和洞一支石笋(NH6)的年纹层计数并结合3个230 Th年龄结果,建立了(8 630～7 050)±50aBP期间连续发育近1 500a的石笋年纹层厚度、灰度和氧同位素时间序列。研究石笋年纹层与北京石花洞和冰期南京葫芦洞在显微结构上相似,具有北方型石笋年层的年季旋回界面的基本特征,说明中国东部季风区石笋年层生长的气候控制因素特征明显。厚度与灰度在十年至百年际尺度旋回上呈现出整体一致的变化特征(相关系数r=0.56,n=1 580),反映了降水季节性反差较大条件下洞穴有机质等物质输入和滴水饱和度之间具有内在联系。两者的功率谱周期显示11～2a共同成分,与现代季风降水周期吻合。年生长速率与氧同位素曲线的不一致,说明洞穴地点环境对大尺度季风气候的复杂响应。  相似文献   

本溪王家崴洞10500～5000aBP石笋记录及区域气候意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

董进国  张富 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2012,(1):119-125

基于典型东亚季风区辽宁省本溪市2支石笋样品(W6与W4),通过9个230 Th年龄和386个氧同位素数据,重建了10 500～5 000aBP期间平均分辨率为12～34a的氧同位素时间变化序列。研究时段石笋δ18 O相对振幅为2.0‰,在平均值约-8.5‰上下波动,指示了早全新世东亚季风强度的长期趋势变化和百年尺度振荡信息。相同时段本溪王家崴洞、湖北三宝洞、贵州董哥洞石笋δ18 O记录对比结果表明,全新世石笋δ18 O长期增加趋势类似于北半球太阳辐射能量变化曲线,但东北地区石笋δ18 O大约在10 500a已达到最大值,早于长江流域以南地区约1 000a,这可能表明全新世亚洲季风降水并不同步变化,可能与热带、亚热带季风系统差异响应于区域大气环流有关。功率谱分析W6石笋δ18 O时间序列发现其存在显著的225和91a的周期,与树轮Δ14 C周期(208和88a)基本一致,揭示了中全新世百年尺度东亚季风变化可能主要响应于太阳活动。  相似文献   

辐射沙脊群南部浮游动物的生态特征     

熊瑛  王云龙  刘培廷  汤建华  郭仲仁  汤晓鸿  吴磊  高银生 《海洋通报》2012,31(2):181-188

依据2007年5月(春)、8月(夏)辐射沙脊群南部所获得的浮游动物样品,分析了该海域浮游动物的分布、时空变化及其与生态环境因子的关系。结果表明,调查海域浮游动物66种(不含鱼卵和仔鱼),生态属性以暖温性、近岸低盐种类为主;浮游动物总丰度春季(1 558.57 ind/m~3)>夏季(305.79 ind/m~3);饵料浮游动物生物量春季(2 923.75 mg/m~3)>夏季(335.46 mg/m~3);水平分布均呈现中北部高、南部低的特点。调查海域中部(4～5断面)多样性指数(H’)、丰富度指数(d)及均匀度指数(J)值较其他断面要低。相关性分析表明,春季浮游动物丰度和饵料浮游动物生物量的分布变化与浮游植物的丰度密切相关,夏季则与海水平均盐度的变化相关性显著;春、夏季浮游动物总丰度分布分别取决于优势种短尾类大眼幼体(Brachyura megalopa)和小拟哲水蚤(Paraca/anus parvus)的分布。  相似文献   

预应力混凝土拱式转换层结构静力弹塑性分析     

梁炯丰  杨泽平  王庆华  胡鹏 《世界地震工程》2012,28(3):15-18

为了研究新型转换层结构——预应力混凝土拱式转换层结构的薄弱部位、抗震性能及其破坏机制,对一榀预应力混凝土拱式转换层结构模型进行了静力弹塑性分析。研究结果表明:拱式转换层本身在水平荷载作用下整体性能很好,不易发生层间变形;转换层结构的底层柱以及与转换层相邻上层柱的底端是结构的薄弱环节,容易产生塑性铰,需重点加强。  相似文献   

Offshore wind farms as productive sites or ecological traps for gadoid fishes? – Impact on growth,condition index and diet composition     

《Marine environmental research》2013

With the construction of wind farms all across the North Sea, numerous artificial reefs are created. These windmill artificial reefs (WARs) harbour high abundances of fish species which can be attracted from elsewhere or can be the result of extra production induced by these wind farms. To resolve the attraction–production debate in suddenly altered ecosystems (cf. wind farms), the possible consequences of attraction should be assessed; thereby bearing in mind that ecological traps may arise. In this paper we investigated whether the wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea act as ecological traps for pouting and Atlantic cod. Length-at-age, condition and diet composition of fish present at the windmill artificial reefs was compared to local and regional sandy areas.Fish data from the period 2009–2012 were evaluated. Mainly I- and II-group Atlantic cod were present around the WARs; while the 0- and I-group dominated for pouting. For Atlantic cod, no differences in length were observed between sites, indicating that fitness was comparable at the WARs and in sandy areas. No significant differences in condition index were observed for pouting. At the WARs, they were slightly larger and stomach fullness was enhanced compared to the surrounding sandy areas. Also diet differed considerably among the sites. The outcome of the proxies indicate that fitness of pouting was slightly enhanced compared to the surrounding sandy areas. No evidence was obtained supporting the hypothesis that the WARs act as an ecological trap for Atlantic cod and pouting.  相似文献   

坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞与生殖细胞叶绿素荧光特性比较     

李家富  张涛  陆勤勤  朱建一  沈宗根  刘兆普  王长海 《海洋科学》2013,37(3):82-86

利用叶绿素荧光技术对坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)叶状体营养细胞和生殖细胞的光能利用特性进行了比较。结果表明:坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞的实际量子效率(ΔF/Fm′)差异不明显,但显著高于雄性生殖细胞;快速光曲线测定表明雌、雄藻体营养细胞的最大相对电子传递速率(rETRmax)相近,但显著高于雄性生殖细胞;不同生殖细胞半饱和光强(Ik)无显著差异;在生长光强下,营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞rETR、光化学猝灭(qP)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)差异不明显,而雄性生殖细胞rETR、qP等荧光参数均显著低于营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞。本文表明坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞具有较高的光能利用能力,能够将吸收的光能多数用于电子传递,而雄性生殖细胞对光能的利用能力较低。  相似文献   

白斑综合征病毒对脊尾白虾的致病性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈辉  万夕和  王李宝  费荣梅  李淑  柏玲  凌云  黎慧  高波 《海洋科学》2013,37(5):55-60

2010年、2011年江苏沿海多数地方海水养殖中发生了脊尾白虾大规模死亡的现象,本课题通过对患暴发性流行病的脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)进行病毒分子生物学检测,发现病虾体内白斑综合征病毒(White Spot Syndrome Virus,简称WSSV)检测普遍呈阳性;应用发病虾组织制备的病毒粗提液,进行了人工感染实验,实验表明该病毒对脊尾白虾具有较强的致病性,可引起68.5%的死亡率。电镜结果表明,发病虾与感染病虾鳃及肝胰脏等组织器官都发生了相同的细胞病理变化,主要表现为细胞核内染色质边聚、线粒体肿胀、内嵴消失等一系列细胞病理变化,在其细胞核与细胞质中发现了具有单层囊膜结构的对虾白斑综合征病毒粒子,病毒粒子大小约为(130~170)nm×(305~405)nm,核衣壳呈子弹形,一端较细另一端较粗,完整病毒粒子由核心、衣壳和囊膜构成,分子生物学实验表明该病毒为WSSV。实验结果符合柯赫氏法则,可以初步推断WSSV感染脊尾白虾并与引发的大规模死亡有着直接关系。  相似文献   

基于个体视角的南通市宜居度差异分析     

娄彩荣  游珍  陶菲  刘卫琼 《地域研究与开发》2012,31(3):58-63

通过问卷调查,借助SPSS和MapInfo软件,从生活便捷度、自然环境舒适度、人文环境舒适度、健康度、安全度和出行便利度6个方面出发,分析了南通市居民对居住环境的感知和态度的差异。结果表明:南通市总体居住环境的宜居度为一般,尤其是健康度没有达到合格的标准,体现新形势下居民对健康环境的渴望和关注;城市从中心到外围,宜居度先增大后减小,呈"Ⅰ地区>核心区>Ⅱ地区"的圈层波动变化趋势,但各方向上并不均衡。这种差异与居民的属性、居住小区属性和城市发展政策有较大关系。  相似文献