大地电磁交错采样有限差分二维正反演研究     

周武  罗威  蓝星  简兴祥 《物探与化探》2021,(2):458-465

交错采样网格能自动保证电磁场分布遵守能量守恒定律。本文基于交错采样网格,推导了大地电磁二维有限差分正演过程,实现了二维正演程序;通过与一维解析解对比,验证了算法的正确性且具有较高的计算精度。随后利用有限内存拟牛顿最优化算法,实现了交错采样有限差分二维反演;通过理论模型反演,验证了反演算法的稳定性,揭示有限内存拟牛顿反演计算效率明显优于非线性共轭梯度法。最后,通过对宕昌县官鹅沟大地电磁资料反演解释,查明了测区深部构造特征,表明算法具有较强实用性。  相似文献   

则木河断裂带灾害效应及致灾模式研究     

冯文凯  杨强  杨星  谢吉尊  李长顺  周强 《工程地质学报》2018,26(4):939-950

则木河断裂带位于青藏高原东南缘,川滇菱形地块东边界的突起上,为大型左旋走滑活动断裂,因其所处的特殊构造部位、强烈的地壳形变与断裂活动,从而具有地形复杂、构造强烈、地震活跃、次生地质灾害严重的特点。大箐断层在则木河断裂带次级断裂中活动速率最大,地处断陷河谷盆地和大箐梁子隆起区,且大箐梁子为1850年7.5级地震震中和断层枢纽运动中心,河谷保留冰川活动的遗迹,地质灾害发育,因此将大箐断层作为研究对象具有良好的典型性和代表性。通过现场调查,依据孕育地灾的地质背景条件,斜坡在地震动力作用下的响应特征和斜坡失稳的成因机制,将断裂致灾模式分为3大类,7亚类,共15种类型。大类的划分主要依据地质灾害的类型,亚类考虑灾害动力响应过程及斜坡失稳演化模式,是斜坡失稳破坏最显著的差异;小类的划分主要依据坡体的地质结构,是灾害失稳具体形式上的差异。本文较为系统地揭示了大箐断层地质灾害的成因机制及致灾模式。  相似文献   

螺髻山核心区及周边水文地质特征研究     

杨帆  杨学之  蒋清明  杨洋 《地下水》2018,(5):12-14

螺髻山核心区地质结构复杂、气象条件不稳定、基础资料缺乏。工作组建立以野外地面调查工作为基础,结合探采结合井、物探、水文试验、长期观测站等多钟工作方式相互组合的水文地质条件综合评价方法,重点研究该区地下水类型、化学特征、含水层分布,补径排条件、动态变化特征及开发利用状态。通过对该区地下水水文地质特征的分析,选择具有供水意义的地下水富集块段进行开发,从而实现以供水安全为目标的精准扶贫,为研究乌蒙山重点地区的水文地质条件提供了一种新思路。  相似文献   

似层状岩质边坡倾倒变形破坏过程数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

王霄  陈志坚  徐进鹏  段兴平 《水文地质工程地质》2018,(1):137-143

在构造裂隙组合切割下形成的反倾向"似层状"结构边坡在工程中普遍存在。文章以浙江某梯级电站厂房后边坡为例,通过运用二维离散元和三维有限差分法,对"似层状"岩质边坡倾倒变形特征及破坏演化历程进行模拟,结果表明这类边坡变形破坏主要经历三个时期:初期为块体间的相互剪切错动和局部缓倾节理的剪切蠕变;中期岩体加剧倾倒后推动坡体前缘滑动,在坡体表面形成倾倒台阶后地表拉裂;后期倾倒变形剪切错动向坡体内部扩展,剪切带相互连通并逐步追踪缓倾结构面或强弱风化分界面,在空间形态上形成具有"台梯状分布"的滑动带,为深层蠕滑创造条件。  相似文献   

中国剑龙类的发展史和演化     

郝宝鞘  彭光照  秦钢  叶勇  江山 《地质通报》2018,37(10):1777-1782

剑龙类恐龙是一类长有骨板的中-大型有甲类恐龙。其最明显的特征是从颈部到尾部沿背脊有两列直立的骨板,呈对称或交错排列。已知最早的剑龙类恐龙发现于中侏罗世的欧洲和中国,在侏罗纪末期剑龙类迅速繁衍,在全球都有分布,但随后在白垩纪早期开始消亡。中国至今所发现的剑龙类恐龙化石有几十个个体材料,发表的属种共计9属10种,分别为嘉陵龙、乌尔禾龙、芒康龙、营山龙、华阳龙、沱江龙、重庆龙、巨棘龙,将军龙。从地层分布、头部、腰带、肢骨比值和骨板几个特征来看,中国剑龙类应该有一个从华阳龙-重庆龙-巨棘龙-沱江龙-营山龙-芒康龙-乌尔禾龙的演化过程。  相似文献   

基于深度学习的重力异常与重力梯度异常联合反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志厚  廖晓龙  曹云勇  侯振隆  范祥泰  徐正宣  路润琪  冯涛  姚禹  石泽玉 《地球物理学报》2021,64(4):1435-1452

高效高精度的反演算法在重力大数据时代背景下显得尤为重要,受深度学习卓越的非线性映射能力的启发,本文提出了一种基于深度学习的重力异常及重力梯度异常的联合反演方法.文中首先提出了一种基于网格点几何格架的重力异常及重力梯度异常的空间域快速正演算法,这为本文深度学习反演算法的实现奠定了基础;其次对大量的不同密度模型进行正演计算获得样本数据集;然后设计了一种端到端的深度学习网络结构(GraInvNet),再利用样本数据对该网络结构进行训练;最后进行反演预测.组合模型试验表明,多维度数据联合反演相比单一分量反演其结果更“聚焦”,且与模型边界高度吻合,并且对于复杂模型的姿态与物性预测具有极为显著的优势,以及对于含噪声数据的反演,其质量也不会降低;Vinton岩丘实测重力数据也验证了文中方法的有效性;从而证明了深度学习在重力数据的高效高精度反演方面具有的巨大潜力.  相似文献   

新型局地增长模培育法对两次飑线个例的对流尺度集合预报试验          下载免费PDF全文

李坤  陈超辉  何宏让  马申佳  姜勇强 《大气科学学报》2021,44(4):518-528

利用局地增长模培育法对两次典型飑线过程进行了对流尺度集合预报试验,通过与传统增长模培育法对比,检验了局地增长模培育法的实际预报效果。通过概率匹配平均处理后,将降水预报结果与实况资料进行对比分析,并用分数技巧评分来代替传统公平技巧评分实现对降水结果的合理检验,得出结论:1)在飑线降水预报上,局地增长模培育法优于增长模培育法。2)分数技巧评分比公平技巧评分更好地反映对流尺度集合预报能力,特别是在大暴雨量级降水评估上。3)降水评分结果显示,集合平均对于小雨、中雨和大雨级别降水的预报技巧高于概率匹配平均,概率匹配平均对于暴雨和大暴雨级别降水更有优势。  相似文献   

基于GIS的汶川县地质环境安全综合评价     

汪留洋  ;秦美玉那 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(11):39-45

汶川县内地质构造复杂,新构造运动强烈,地震活动频繁,主要地质环境问题以地质灾害为主,有崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等。在分析区内主要地质环境问题及分布特征的基础上,运用层次分析法（AHP）确定权重,采用模糊综合评判模型、综合指数模型两种方法,对汶川县地质环境安全进行综合评价。详细介绍基于GIS的评价计算流程及评价因子的提取过程。评价结果表明,地质环境对居民生产生活影响的危险等级占比为：危险性低的约占25%,危险性较低的约占20%,危险性较高的约占39%,危险性高的约占16%。对两组权重系数、两个模型下的四个评价结果进行对比分析,结果发现：1两组不同权重系数下,模糊评价法和综合指数法评价结果的双侧检验相关系数依次是0.97、0.98,属于高度显著相关,表示可以忽略人为赋权重对评价结果的主观影响;2两种不同模型下,评价结果的双侧检验相关系数依次是0.895、0.84、0.92、0.914,属于显著相关,表示不同的计算模型一定程度上影响了评价结果的准确性,在评价时要认真研究选择恰当的计算模型。  相似文献   

Application of remote sensing technology in emergency rescue decision about “6·17” Danba River debris flow disaster chain     

TANG Yao  WANG Lijuan  ZHAO Juan  ZHANG Chengxin 《中国地质调查》2014,7(5):114-122

On June 17, 2020, a mudslide occurred in Meilongou of Banshanmen Town, Danba County of Sichuan Province, which blocked Xiaojinchuan River and formed a barrier lake, causing heavy property losses and casualties. In order to grasp the first-hand disaster situation and assist emergency rescue and other disposals, combined with the UAV aerial photography data and post-disaster site survey and other data, the authors used the domestic high-score 2 satellite data as the main data source to carry out the emergency investigation and analytical research of emergency rescue decision about “6.17” Danba River debris flow disaster chain. The results show that the affected population is about 65,000 and the nearest emergency rescue teams are from State Grid Danba County Power Supply Company and China Unicom of Xiaojin Country. Five schools, such as Banshanmen middle school, could be used as temporary resettlement shelters. There are six mining enterprises, one important reservoir and one hydropower station affected by the disaster. The debris flow gully is NE—SE distributed, covering about 142,700 m². And the barrier lake is about 1.03 km², covering 498,000 m². The totally destroyed roadbed and road surface were about 2.1 km and there are 9 suspected disaster hidden dangers in the lower reach. Whats more, 25 residential houses and 5 bridges were damaged by the disaster. Two rescue lifelines with good post-disaster accessibility to the severely affected debris flow areas were chosen. With the help of remote sensing technology, the in-depth analysis of the pre-judgment of the affected population by the debris flow disaster chain, emergency investigation of the disaster situation and disaster damage, and the selection of emergency rescue lifelines were successfully conducted, which has great guiding significance in the emergency rescue and disaster prevention and mitigation in the mountainous areas of Southwest China with similar geological conditions.  相似文献   

Latest active age and model of the faults in Longquanshan fault belt     

LIU Liang  LIANG Bin  YAN Zhonglin  SU Hua  HE Xuefeng 《中国地质调查》2014,7(5):77-87

Longquanshan fault belt belongs to Longmenshan foreland uplift, which is closely related to the uplift evolution of Longmenshan in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In order to explore the fault activity model, period and era characteristics of Longquanshan fault belt, some gouge samples were collected at different fault locations of Longquanshan fault belt. SEM was adopted for trace and dissolution micromorphology observation, and ESR was used to test the latest active age. Combined with the regional seismic data, further research on the seismic potential of Longquanshan fault belt was conducted. The results show that the main model of activity in Longquanshan fault belt is stick slip, with creep characteristics. The faults are characterized by multiple periods of activity. The strong acitivity era is the Early Pleistocene-Middle Pleistocene, there were obvious activities in the Late Pleistocene, and there weren’t any obvious activities in the Pliocene. The latest active ages measured by SEM, ESR, TL range from (1210±121) to (110±10.0) ka. The latest active age and activity is characterized with segmen tation, featured with weak activity in the middle segments and strong activity in the north and south segments. Longquanshan fault belt is an active fault belt with certain seismic potential. The earthquakes are distributed zonally along Longquanshan fault belt. However, its activity has been greatly reduced, compared with Longmenshan fault belt in the western part.  相似文献