铺前—清澜断裂西支晚更新世活动特征     

刘风香  苗雨雁  荆振杰  杜海娥 《世界地质》2018,37(1):148-153

海域浅层地震探测调查表明,铺前—清澜断裂向北西海域方向延伸,断裂走向NW-SE,倾向SW,为高倾角的正断层;在地震剖面上,断裂断错了第四系地层;进一步应用钻探技术对铺前—清澜断裂进行探测研究,结合层序地层学、岩性岩相分析与年代测定等方法建立了钻孔联合剖面,揭示断层性质为正断层,倾向SW,断距4.0 m,断层的最新活动时代为晚更新世,第四纪表现为张性活动,断裂的平均垂直速率为0.15 mm/a。  相似文献   

内蒙古黄岗梁铁锡矿床中红色萤石的地球化学特征及成因探讨     

陈缘  韩禹  许博  刘金高 《岩石学报》2021,37(12):3869-3879

内蒙古黄岗梁萤石呈现稀有的红色特征,该颜色萤石全球产量稀少,本文利用LA-ICP-MS原位测试技术对其微量元素地球化学特征进行了系统分析,探讨黄岗梁铁锡矿床中红色萤石的成因。微量元素分析结果显示黄岗梁萤石样品中总稀土元素含量较低,并表现出左倾的富集重稀土特征,其中红色和粉色萤石的稀土元素配分曲线显示出Dy-Tm拱顶式凸起的配分模式,表明其结晶作用发生在成矿流体演化的最后阶段;Y/Ho比值104~197,与热液成因萤石一致,且La/Ho比值为0.027~0.126,具强的负异常,表明了黄岗梁萤石为热液成因;Ce/Ce^*比值0.57~0.98,Eu/Eu^*比值0.22~0.63,均表现出负异常,表明形成黄岗梁萤石的热液流体是在相对还原环境下形成且温度高于200℃。综合分析萤石的地球化学特征和其与围岩的接触关系,认为黄岗梁萤石主要分为两阶段结晶,一阶段为与石英同期结晶形成红色、粉色部分,二阶段为在石英形成后结晶形成的由阳起石他色致色的绿色部分,而黄岗梁萤石罕见的红色是由于Y元素较为富集且含量远高于其他稀土元素,从而形成YO₂色心并在萤石中作用而显色。  相似文献   

Coal exploration,mine planning and development: by Roy D. Merrit. Noyes Publication,Park Ridge,NJ, USA, 1986, 464 pages,U.S. $ 64.00     

《International Journal of Coal Geology》1988,9(4):399-400

  相似文献   

Was the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary placed at the wrong stratigraphic level?     

《Quaternary Science Reviews》1987,6(1):41-42

In 1985 the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary was designated at the base of the claystone, overlying bed e in the Vrica Section, Italy. This followed a recommendation that the boundary should be at the first physical horizon below the first appearance of Cytheropteron testudo. There is evidence that this supposed ‘cold guest’ has been mis-identified, and it raises the serious question as to whether the boundary could have been better placed.  相似文献   

宁夏卫宁北山地区金场子金矿区找矿模型及成矿预测     

海连富  陶瑞  张晓军  刘安璐  刘金科  魏俊浩  白金鹤  李海峰 《地质科技通报》2023,42(2):19-32

卫宁北山地区位于北祁连造山带东段,是宁夏境内金多金属矿床成矿条件最好、成矿迹象最多的地区之一,其中金场子金矿是该地区已知最大的金矿床。在归纳该区近年来找矿成果基础上,对金场子金矿床控矿因素、找矿标志和深部矿化规律进行了总结,构建了基于地-物-化多要素的综合找矿模型,并对矿区及外围、深部找矿靶区进行了圈定。研究表明：金场子金矿控矿因素主要为构造和地层,其中控矿构造表现为东西向断裂、北东向断裂及其次生裂隙为主,控矿地层表现为特定的地层层位及岩性组合。赤铁矿-褐铁矿化、硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化、黄钾铁矾化等围岩蚀变,Au-Ag-As-Sb化探组合异常以及中电阻率、中-高极化率地球物理异常为该区主要找矿标志。综合控矿因素和找矿标志,构建了矿区金矿综合找矿模型,并以此圈定地表找矿靶区6处,并进一步根据矿化深部变化规律圈定深部找矿靶区3处。通过对矿区及外围靶区开展地球化学剖面测量以及深部靶区钻探工作,验证了此次靶区圈定的合理性,为今后该地区找矿工作起到了很好的示范作用。  相似文献   

河南西峡白垩纪地层和蛋化石   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  

方晓思  张志军  庞其清  李佩贤  韩迎建  谢宏亮  闫荣浩  庞丰久  吕景禄  程政武 《地球学报》2007,28(2):123-142

本文在对西峡地区恐龙蛋化石分布进行全面评价同时,还首次报道了鳄类蛋化石、鸟类蛋化石、赵营组的无脊椎动物化石,这些新发现不仅丰富了西峡地区生物群面貌,也揭示了伏牛山南麓白垩纪构造盆地特点.  相似文献   

试论西藏当雄-羊八井活动构造带的基本特征及其对青藏铁路安全运营的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

冯向阳 《地球学报》2007,28(2):173-180

青藏铁路横穿处于强构造活动区和高寒环境的青藏高原,具有复杂的工程地质条件,不仅发育冻土和融冻灾害,而且穿越不同性质的活动断裂.本文分析了铁路经过的当雄-羊八井活动构造带的基本特征,讨论了其对铁路可能产生的严重影响.铁路的开通是工程建设的巨大成就,但是否真正解决了这些地质难题,还有待铁路长期运营的实践和考验.  相似文献   

Origin and timing of the metasomatic silicification of an early archean komatiite sequence,barberton mountain land,South Africa     

《Precambrian Research》1987,37(2):125-146

Stratiform units of pervasively silicified early Archean ultramafic rocks occur near the boundary between the Onverwacht and Fig Tree groups in the Barberton Mountain Land, Republic of South Africa. The origin of these units has been variously ascribed to early Archean subaerial weathering or submarine alteration, to cataclastic metamorphism, and to the alteration of silicic tuffs. An exceptionally well-exposed example of such an alteration sequence along the Skokohla River valley in the central Barberton Mountain Land was studied to determine the nature of the precursor rocks and the timing and nature of the alteration processes.Well-preserved ghosts of spinifex- and culmulate-textured olivines and pyroxenes establish the komatiitic ancestry of the Skokohla rocks. Rock units of several distinctive lithofacies can be correlated over the entire 1.5 km strike of the sequence and were derived from the metasomatic conversion of a series of ultramafic flow units to rocks dominated by quartz, dioctohedral mica, and chlorite. The original ultramafics have been strongly enriched in Si, K, Rb, and Ba, and depleted in Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Sr, Zn, and Ni. The elements Al, Ti, P, Cr, Zr, Y, and Nb were immobile.Alteration apparently occurred soon after extrusive activity and before any significant tectonic deformation. It is most probable that alteration resulted from the dynamic, hydrothermal upwelling of fluids through original fracture porosity in the ultramafic flows.  相似文献   

A diverse Pleistocene marsupial trackway assemblage from the Victorian Volcanic Plains,Australia     

Stephen P. Carey  Aaron B. Camens  Matthew L. Cupper  Rainer Grün  John C. Hellstrom  Stafford W. McKnight  Iain Mclennan  David A. Pickering  Peter Trusler  Maxime Aubert 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2011,30(5-6):591-610

A diverse assemblage of late Pleistocene marsupial trackways on a lake bed in south-western Victoria provides the first information relating to the gaits and morphology of several megafaunal species, and represents the most speciose and best preserved megafaunal footprint site in Australia. The 60–110 ka volcaniclastic lacustrine sedimentary rocks preserve trackways of the diprotodontid Diprotodon optatum, a macropodid (probably Protemnodon sp.) and a large vombatid (perhaps Ramsayia magna or ‘Phascolomys’ medius) and possible prints of the marsupial lion, Thylacoleo carnifex. The footprints were imprinted within a short time period, demonstrating the association of the taxa present, rather than the time-averaged accumulations usually observed in skeletal fossil deposits. Individual manus and pes prints are distinguishable in some trackways, and in many cases some digital pad morphology is also present. Several parameters traditionally used to differentiate ichnotaxa, including trackway gauge and the degree of print in-turning relative to the midline, are shown to be subject to significant intraspecific variation in marsupials. Sexual dimorphism in the trackway proportions of Diprotodon, and its potential for occurrence in all large bodied, quadrupedal marsupials, is identified here for the first time.  相似文献   

Radiogenic isotopes,ore deposits and metallogenic terranes: Novel approaches based on regional isotopic maps and the mineral systems concept     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2016

Radiogenic isotopes have long been used in mineralisation studies, not just for geochronological determinations of mineralising events but also as tracers, providing, for example, information on the source of metals. It was also evident early on that consideration of isotopic data on a regional scale could be used to assist with metallogenic interpretation, including identification of metallogenic terranes. The large amounts of isotopic (and other) data available today, in combination with readily available graphical software, have made possible construction of isotopic maps, using various isotopic variables, at regional to continental scales, allowing for metallogenic interpretation over similarly large regions. Such interpretation has been driven largely by empiricism, but increasingly with a mineral systems approach, recognising that mineral deposits, although geographically small in extent, are the result of geological processes that occur at a variety of scales.This review looks at what radiogenic isotopes can tell us about different mineral systems, from camp- to craton-scale. Examples include identifying lithospheric/crustal architecture and its importance in controlling the locations of mineralisation, the identification of metallogenic terranes and/or favourable geodynamic environments on the basis of their isotopic signatures, and using juvenile isotopic signatures of intrusives to identify metallogenically important rock types. The review concentrates on the Sm–Nd system using felsic igneous rocks and the U–Th–Pb system using galena, Pb-rich ores and other rocks. The Sm–Nd system can be used to effectively ‘see’ through many crustal processes to provide information on the nature of the source of the rocks. For voluminous rocks such as granites this provides a potentially powerful proxy in constraining the nature of the various crustal blocks the granites occur within. In contrast, Pb isotopic data from galena and Pb-rich associated ores provide a more direct link to mineralisation, and the two systems (Pb and Nd) can be used in conjunction to investigate links between mineralisation and crustal domains.In this contribution we document: the more general principles of radiogenic isotopes; the identification of time-independent isotopic parameters; the use of such variable to generate isotopic maps, and the use of the latter for metallogenic studies. Regional and continental scale isotopic maps (and data) can be used to empirically and/or predictively to identify and target (either directly or indirectly by proxy) larger scale parts of mineral systems that may be indicative of, or form part of metallogenic terranes. These include demonstrable empirical relationships between mineral systems and isotopic domains, which can be extracted, tested and applied as predictive tools. Isotopic maps allow the identification of old, especially Archean, cratonic blocks, which may be metallogenically-endowed, or have other favourable characteristics. These maps also assist with identification of potentially favourable paleo-tectonic settings for mineralisation. These include: old continental margins, especially accretionary orogenic settings; and juvenile zones, either marginal or internal, which may indicate extension and possible rifting, or primitive arc crust. Such isotopic maps also aid identification of crustal breaks, which may represent major faults zones and, hence, fluid pathways for fluids and magmas, or serve to delineate natural boundaries for metallogenic terranes. Finally, isotopic maps also act as baseline maps which help to identify regions/periods characterised by greater (or lesser) magmatic, especially mantle input. Of course, in any exploration model, any analysis is predicated on using a wide range of geological, geochemical and geophysical information across a range of scales. Sm–Nd and U–Th–Pb isotopic maps are just another layer to be integrated with other data. Future work should focus on better constraining the 4D (3D plus time) evolution of the lithosphere, by integrating isotopic data with other data, as well as through better integration of available radiogenic isotopic systems, including the voluminous amounts of in situ isotopic analysis (of minerals) now available. This should result in more effective commodity targeting and exploration.  相似文献