非均匀风影响下风力机三维气动粘性流场的数值模拟     

周胡  赵文超  万德成 《海洋工程》2015,33(1):90-99

基于面向对象的开源软件OpenFOAM,选择美国国家新能源实验室(NREL)Phase VI风力机为对象,对以往研究较少的非均匀来流风速作用下风力机三维气动粘性流场进行数值模拟。采用较为接近于真实情况的指数型风剖面,计算了轮毂处风速分别为5、10、15和25 m/s四种工况下的叶片表面压力分布、叶片的推力、尾涡等气动力数据,并与均匀来流风速下的风力机气动力学性能进行详细的对比,探讨非均匀风剖面对风力机流场结构和流动特性影响的物理现象和规律。  相似文献   

老龄半潜式钻井平台节点疲劳裂纹扩展寿命预报     

梁园华  杨清峡  闫小顺  杨蕖  李洛东 《海洋工程》2015,33(6):20-25

通过结合常规谱疲劳分析方法和裂纹扩展分析方法,给出了一种工程实用的评价老龄平台节点裂纹扩展寿命的方法,并以某一平台为例进行了验证计算。首先,基于谱疲劳分析得到各个节点在过去30年的节点疲劳损伤,然后,对损伤接近或大于1.0的节点进行基于单一曲线模型的裂纹扩展分析,以求得该节点在目前状态下裂纹扩展寿命。结果表明,目标平台计算疲劳热点满足继续使用的要求。此外,针对不同初始裂纹尺寸时的裂纹扩展寿命计算结果表明初始裂纹尺寸对疲劳裂纹扩展寿命影响很大。  相似文献   

System Identification Modeling of Ship Manoeuvring Motion in 4 Degrees of Freedom Based on Support Vector Machines     

王雪刚  邹早建  余龙  蔡韡 《海洋工程》2015,29(4):519-534

Based on support vector machines, three modeling methods, i.e., white-box modeling, grey-box modeling and black-box modeling of ship manoeuvring motion in 4 degrees of freedom are investigated. With the whole-ship mathematical model for ship manoeuvring motion, in which the hydrodynamic coefficients are obtained from roll planar motion mechanism test, some zigzag tests and turning circle manoeuvres are simulated. In the white-box modeling and grey-box modeling, the training data taken every 5 s from the simulated 20°/20° zigzag test are used, while in the black-box modeling, the training data taken every 5 s from the simulated 15°/15°, 20°/20° zigzag tests and 15°, 25° turning manoeuvres are used; and the trained support vector machines are used to predict the whole 20°/20° zigzag test. Comparisons between the simulated and predicted 20?/20° zigzag tests show good predictive ability of the proposed methods. Besides, all mathematical models obtained by the proposed modeling methods are used to predict the 10°/10° zigzag test and 35° turning circle manoeuvre, and the predicted results are compared with those of simulation tests to demonstrate the good generalization performance of the mathematical models. Finally, the proposed modeling methods are analyzed and compared with each other in aspects of application conditions, prediction accuracy and computation speed. The appropriate modeling method can be chosen according to the intended use of the mathematical models and the available data needed for system identification.  相似文献   

Structural Topology Design of Container Ship Based on Knowledge-Based Engineering and Level Set Method     

崔进举  王德禹  史琪琪 《海洋工程》2015,29(4):551-564

Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) is introduced into the ship structural design in this paper. From the implementation of KBE, the design solutions for both Rules Design Method (RDM) and Interpolation Design Method (IDM) are generated. The corresponding Finite Element (FE) models are generated. Topological design of the longitudinal structures is studied where the Gaussian Process (GP) is employed to build the surrogate model for FE analysis. Multi-objective optimization methods inspired by Pareto Front are used to reduce the design tank weight and outer surface area simultaneously. Additionally, an enhanced Level Set Method (LSM) which employs implicit algorithm is applied to the topological design of typical bracket plate which is used extensively in ship structures. Two different sets of boundary conditions are considered. The proposed methods show satisfactory efficiency and accuracy.  相似文献   

Generation and Application of A Standardized Load-Time History to Tubular T-joints in Offshore Platforms     

李珊珊  崔维成 《海洋工程》2015,29(5):633-648

Marine structures are mostly made of metals and always experience complex random loading during their service periods. The fatigue crack growth behaviors of metal materials have been proved from laboratory tests to be sensitive to the loading sequence encountered. In order to take account of the loading sequence effect, fatigue life prediction should be based on fatigue crack propagation (FCP) theory rather than the currently used cumulative fatigue damage (CFD) theory. A unified fatigue life prediction (UFLP) method for marine structures has been proposed by the authors’ group. In order to apply the UFLP method for newly designed structures, authorities such as the classification societies should provide a standardized load-time history (SLH) such as the TWIST and FALSTAFF sequences for transport and fighter aircraft. This paper mainly aims at proposing a procedure to generate the SLHs for marine structures based on a short-term loading sample and to provide an illustration on how to use the presented SLH to a typical tubular T-joint in an offshore platform based on the UFLP method.  相似文献   

基于相当故障树的海洋石油平台动力系统测试诊断策略研究     

余平  张裕芳  易宏  王鸿东 《海洋工程》2015,33(4):94-100

海洋石油平台系统由于其复杂和工作环境恶劣的特点,无论哪一个工作环节出现故障导致维修都可能出现巨大的经济损失或者环境灾难,故而进行测试性工作以实现预防性维修,制定诊断策略以快速定位故障完成维修工作显得尤为重要。但是目前海洋石油平台故障诊断与测试性工作主要集中在设备/零部件层面,并未以系统为出发点合理设置测试点和建立诊断策略。根据海洋石油平台系统复杂和可维修的特点,定义最小割集关键重要度,提出基于相当故障树并结合Mont-Carlo仿真的分析方法,输出最小割集重要度及单元重要度。按最小割集的重要度排序输出最小割集的诊断策略,按单元重要度结合平均故障检测时间输出最小割集内底事件诊断顺序。另一方面,将单元重要度、平均故障检测时间和测试费用结合起来作为系统安装在线测试装置的依据。最后以胜利油田埕岛中心一号海洋石油动力平台电力系统为例进行分析,结果表明,基于相当故障树的方法能够方便、有效地进行系统测试点布置和诊断策略设计的工作。  相似文献   

Hydroelastic analysis of floating structures with liquid tanks and comparison with experimental tests     

《Applied Ocean Research》2015

In this study, we develop a numerical method for a 3D linear hydroelastic analysis of floating structures with liquid tanks subjected to surface regular water waves and compare the numerical results with experimental tests. Considering direct couplings among structural motion, sloshing, and water waves, a mathematical formulation and a numerical method extended from a recent work [1] are developed. The finite element method is employed for the floating structure and internal fluid in tanks, and the boundary element method is used for the external fluid. The resulting formulation completely incorporates all the interaction terms including hydrostatic stiffness and the irregular frequency effect is removed by introducing the extended boundary integral equations. Through various numerical tests, we verify the proposed numerical method. We also performed 3D hydroelastic experimental tests of a floating production unit (FPU) model in an ocean basin. The measured dynamic motions are compared with the numerical results obtained using the proposed method.  相似文献   

A creep–rupture model of synthetic fiber ropes for deepwater moorings based on thermodynamics     

《Applied Ocean Research》2015

The synthetic fiber ropes such as polyester, aramid and high modulus polyethylene (HMPE) are increasing applied to deepwater mooring systems for oil and gas exploitation. Due to that mooring ropes generally bear tensions for a long period, synthetic fiber ropes that are composed of the viscoelastic material would present creep behaviors and even the creep rupture, which is the failure mode of greatest concern especially for HMPE ropes and on which still less study can be found. A creep damage analysis of synthetic fiber ropes is of necessity to ensure the safe and economic operation of mooring systems. Therefore further investigation on the creep–rupture behavior is beneficial to fully establishing confidence in the viability of synthetic fiber ropes for deepwater moorings. In the present study, a creep–rupture model is proposed within the framework of thermodynamics to investigate the creep and damage behaviors of synthetic fiber ropes. Methods for identifying the model parameters are also proposed in detail, which apply to any component of fiber ropes such as the fiber, yarn, strand and rope. Experimental data of aramid yarns available from the literature are utilized to validate the constitutive model. Creep and creep–rupture tests of HMPE strands at different loading levels are specially performed to further examine the present model. The present work demonstrates that the proposed model can effectively describe the viscoelastic property and damage evolution of synthetic fiber ropes at different loading levels.  相似文献   

考虑隧道降水和开挖施工过程的三维地面沉降模拟     

马新雨  王俊  周欣  张云  徐永福 《高校地质学报》2021,27(2):229-239

明挖法是隧道施工中常用的一种方法,但其降水和开挖施工不可避免地会引起周围地面沉降。为了防止隧道施工对周围环境及建筑物产生严重的不良影响,地面沉降控制是检验施工支护设计合理性的关键。隧道施工造成地面沉降的主要原因有降水、开挖和支护作业,以往研究大多集中于单一因素的影响分析,为使分析结果更接近于工程实际,需将三者综合考虑,从全过程的角度进行三维模拟计算。为此,结合无锡市某湖底隧道建设,利用ABAQUS 有限元分析软件建立了三维模型,选取具有不同开挖围护结构方案的两个代表性区段,对隧道降水和开挖施工引起周围土体的位移和地面沉降进行模拟研究,模拟中考虑了止水帷幕、挡土墙和桩基础的施工,降水施工,以及开挖和支撑施工等,模拟结果与现场实测数据进行了对比验证,模拟结果表明：（1）随着与基坑距离的增加,土体从隆起逐渐转变为沉降继而再逐渐减小,开挖施工和降水施工对最终地面沉降量的占比分别为30%~40% 和60%~70%;（2）采用钻孔灌注桩围护的直立开挖段产生的地面沉降要大于同样深度的放坡开挖段;（3）桩基础有助于控制地面沉降。  相似文献   

基于观测数据的2003?2014年北冰洋海平面时空特征     

郑璐曦  陈美香  任杰  余佳霖  陈宇洁  季韬  王雪竹  杨洁 《海洋学报》2022,44(3):25-39

本文对比了3个不同机构提供的北冰洋月均高度计数据,发现英国极地观测与建模中心和丹麦科技大学空间中心两套数据比较一致且空间覆盖率高,适用于北冰洋海平面变化研究,而前者在数据分辨率、平滑性和与验潮站的符合程度方面均更优。对高度计和验潮站数据的分析表明,北冰洋海平面的气候态特征表现为加拿大海盆的高值和欧亚海盆的低值之间形成鲜明对比;海平面的变化以季节变化和北极涛动引起的低频变化为主,加拿大海盆的季节和年际振幅均较大,俄罗斯沿岸海平面季节变化显著。2003?2014年,北冰洋平均海平面呈上升趋势,其中加拿大海盆海平面上升最快,而俄罗斯沿岸海平面有微弱下降趋势。加拿大海盆和俄罗斯沿岸由于海冰变化显著,不同高度计产品以及高度计与验潮站数据之间差别较大,使用时需慎重。  相似文献