Partial polygon pruning of hydrographic features in automated generalization          下载免费PDF全文

Alexander K. Stum  Barbara P. Buttenfield  Lawrence V. Stanislawski 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(5):1061-1078

This article demonstrates a working method to automatically detect and prune portions of waterbody polygons to support creation of a multi‐scale hydrographic database. Water features are sensitive to scale change, therefore multiple representations are required to maintain visual and geographic logic at smaller scales. Partial pruning of polygonal features – such as long, sinuous reservoir arms, stream channels too narrow at the target scale, and islands that begin to coalesce – entails concurrent management of the length and width of polygonal features as well as integrating pruned polygons with other generalized point and linear hydrographic features to maintain stream network connectivity. The implementation follows data representation standards developed by the US Geological Survey (USGS) for the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). Portions of polygonal rivers, streams, and canals are automatically characterized for width, length, and connectivity. This article describes an algorithm for automatic detection and subsequent processing, and shows results for a sample of NHD subbasins in different landscape conditions in the US.  相似文献   

Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of the Old Tailings Dam,Australia: Evaluating the effectiveness of a water cover for long-term AMD control     

《Applied Geochemistry》2016

Establishing a shallow water cover over tailings deposited in a designated storage facility is one option to limit oxygen diffusion and retard oxidation of sulfides which have the potential to form acid mine drainage (AMD). The Old Tailings Dam (OTD) located at the Savage River mine, western Tasmania contains 38 million tonnes of pyritic tailings deposited from 1967 to 1982, and is actively generating AMD. The OTD was constructed on a natural gradient, resulting in sub-aerial exposure of the southern area, with the northern area under a natural water cover. This physical contrast allowed for the examination of tailings mineralogy and geochemistry as a function of water cover depth across the OTD. Tailings samples (n = 144, depth: ≤ 1.5 m) were collected and subjected to a range of geochemical and mineralogical evaluations. Tailings from the southern and northern extents of the OTD showed similar AMD potential based on geochemical (NAG pH range: 2.1 to 4.2) and bulk mineralogical parameters, particularly at depth. However, sulfide alteration index (SAI) assessments highlighted the microscale contrast in oxidation. In the sub-aerial zone pyrite grains are moderately oxidized to a depth of 0.3 m (maximum SAI of 6/10), under both gravel fill and oxidized covers, with secondary minerals (e.g., ferrihydrite and goethite) developed along rims and fractures. Beneath this, mildly oxidized pyrite is seen in fresh tailings (SAI = 2.9/10 to 5.8/10). In the sub-aqueous zone, the degree of pyrite oxidation demonstrates a direct relationship with cover depth, with unoxidized, potentially reactive tailings identified from 2.5 m, directly beneath an organic-rich sediment layer (SAI = 0 to 1/10). These findings are broadly similar to other tailings storage facilities e.g., Fox Lake, Sherritt-Gordon ZnCu mine, Canada and Stekenjokk mine, Sweden where water covers up to 2 m have successfully reduced AMD. Whilst geotechnical properties of the OTD restrict the extension of the water cover, pyrite is enriched in cobalt (up to 2.6 wt%) indicating reprocessing of tailings as an alternative management option. Through adoption of an integrated mineralogical and geochemical characterization approach for tailings assessment robust management strategies after mine closure can be developed.  相似文献   

海洋浮游生物图像观测技术及其应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙晓霞  孙松 《地球科学进展》2014,29(6):748-755

浮游生物图像自动识别技术是当前海洋浮游生态学的研究热点。该技术结合水体成像系统和自动识别软件,能够对浮游生物的种类组成和丰度进行快速自动识别和定量分析,从而获得关于浮游生物分布和丰度更及时、更准确的信息,为大尺度、实时、连续地研究浮游生物分类学和生态学特征提供了一种有效手段。重点分析了当前国际上浮游生物图像识别技术研究的最新进展、主要应用领域、存在的问题以及未来的发展方向,旨在进一步推进该技术在我国近海及大洋浮游生态学及相关研究领域中的应用。  相似文献   

图像自动识别技术在胶州湾浮游动物生态学研究中的应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

孙晓霞  孙松  王世伟  刘梦坛  赵永芳 《海洋与湖沼》2011,42(5):647-653

结合Zooscan扫描技术与ZooProcess分析与图像自动识别方法,进行了胶州湾浮游动物图像自动识别的研究。通过对胶州湾2009年浮游动物样品进行标准化扫描,随机选取不同类群的浮游动物图像,建立胶州湾浮游动物图像培训数据库并进行性能验证,表明对胶州湾绝大部分类群,图像识别的准确率可以达到80%以上,且误判率低于20...  相似文献   

基于工作流的地理处理建模技术   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

柳琳 《地理空间信息》2011,9(1):39-42

通过对传统地理处理建模的分析以及工作流技术的研究,提出了基于工作流的地理处理建模方法,并通过实验室选址的实现验证了该方案具有可行性.  相似文献   

基于动态阈值法的NOAA系列卫星云检测结果检验     

武艳  银燕  师春香  何立  胡婷婷  孟俊耀 《高原气象》2012,31(3):745-751

采用我国地面报资料、国际船舶报资料和云卫星(CloudSat)产品,分别对多通道动态阈值云检测方法的云检测结果进行了检验。结果表明,动态阈值云检测方法可用于长时间序列卫星观测数据的云检测,不仅运行速度较快,可实现全自动,且精度较高,陆地上空云检测准确率为82.8%(地面报资料),海洋上空云检测准确率为91.5%(船舶报资料)。此外,还利用CloudSat资料检验不同观测时间差对NOAA系列卫星云检测结果检验的影响。  相似文献   

The university of New South Wales automated patrol telescope     

B. D. Carter  C. S. Bembrick  M. C. B. Ashley  P. Mitchell 《Experimental Astronomy》1994,5(1-2):81-85

The Automated Patrol Telescope is a wide-field CCD imaging telescope of novel design. The telescope is a converted Baker-Nunn satellite tracking camera that has undergone extensive modification to its optical, mechanical and electronic systems. Telescope operation is entirely under computer control, and the instrument is to be used for a variety of astronomical survey and monitoring projects.  相似文献   

Application of AMD to the Determination of Crop Protection Agents in Drinking Water. Part IV: Fundamentals of a Confirmatory Test     

K. Burger  H. Jork  J. Khler 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1996,24(1):6-15

A method is described for the determination of fifteen active ingredients of plant protecting products in ground-, raw, and drinking water. After extraction and enrichment of the pesticides from the water sample with solid-phase extraction, the extract is fractionated on silica-coated TLC plates, first in a so-called screening gradient by AMD (automated multiple development). The detection of the pesticides is performed by UV multidetection. Positive results from the first separation are confirmed by a second separation on silica in an AMD gradient of distinctly different selectivity, compared to the first separation. Following this strategy, it is possible to distinguish nearly all nonvolatile, from water extractable, active ingredients of plant protecting products in the market. UV spectra are taken for further confirmation of positive results. In most cases, this is possible even at the limit of determination. All chromatograms and spectra shown are raw data, resulting from the confirmatory test DIN 38407 part 11, in the laboratory of one participant*). The method is standardized in the meantime as DIN V 38407-11.  相似文献   

关系处理中要素重叠的自动判别     

武芳 《测绘学院学报》1997,(1)

关系处理一直是自动制图综合中解决起来困难比较多的一个问题,而解决关系处理的前提则是要素重叠位置的自动识别。本文着重讨论数据库条件下进行要素重叠自动识别的方法及其在编图实践中的应用。  相似文献   

Automated counting of sand‐sized particles in marine records     

《Sedimentology》2018,65(3):842-850

Content and fluxes of ice‐transported sand‐sized and gravel‐sized, lithic particles in marine sediment cores are a common tool used to reconstruct glacial variability. Ice‐rafted debris data sets are currently acquired in several different and often time‐consuming ways, and within various grain‐size fractions. This article proposes a novel workflow using an automated method to count ice‐rafted debris to reduce analysis time and subjectivity. The described method is based on the instrument ‘Morphologi G3’ from Malvern Instruments Limited and includes all pre‐processing and post‐processing steps. This particle characterization tool is an automated microscope combined with a proprietary software package. In this study, the analysis was performed on the 150 to 1000 μ m fraction. If desired, grain counts can be carried out on the entire sand and silt fractions. However, this would result in a considerably greater turnover time. A total of 350 sediment samples from core MD99‐2283, taken on the upper continental slope at the southern part of the north‐east Atlantic margin, were counted with this automated method. In addition, a total of 161 samples were counted manually as a control on the reliability of the scanning. The comparison of automated versus manually counted biogenic and lithic material shows a convincing correlation between the two methods. The turnover time per automatically counted sample is around 20 min, the method requiring less experience and skills than manual counting. The results yield a promising, time‐saving new technique to achieve high‐resolution ice‐rafted debris counting records with acceptable error margins.  相似文献