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101.
生态足迹是区域可持续评估的重要方法,三维生态足迹模型能区分并追踪自然资本存量的消耗与流量的占用。目前三维足迹与自然资本利用研究主要集中在全球和国家尺度。本文以京津冀城市群为例开展区域尺度研究,核算并分析了2010年研究区13个城市的人均区域足迹深度、足迹广度及其组成差异与影响因素,揭示了京津冀城市群自然资本利用格局及生态可持续现状。结果表明：13个城市普遍生态赤字,足迹深度差异受能源消费数量和结构的突出影响,与城市经济发展水平呈“倒N型”库兹涅茨曲线关系。京津冀城市群内4种自然资本利用类型分别为存量资本消耗水平相对于流量资本占用水平严重超前(北京、天津、唐山)、显著超前(石家庄、邯郸)、一般超前(沧州、廊坊、衡水、邢台、保定)及基本一致(秦皇岛、张家口、承德)。上述4种类型地域的区域生态持续性依次从最弱转向较弱、较强、最强。本文在城市群自然资本持续利用的刻画和表达方面取得了较优于传统二维足迹模型的评价结果。 相似文献
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中国城市群从区域向空间网络的转变,成为城乡统筹发展功能的主体地域单元。基于“交通—产业”的耦合视角,以京津冀城市群为研究区域,选取北京、天津、石家庄、唐山作为城市群发育的辐射中心,结合空间网络分析、引力模型、多层次空间结构MSS-Tree算法,测度识别京津冀城市群空间结构及现状发育范围。结果发现：①京津冀城市群还不成熟,辐射中心周边的辐射发育区“岛、洞”现象明显,表现为连片分布的大城市阴影区;其中北京市周边缺乏成熟副中心,天津市受到北京极化作用影响,辐射区大幅萎缩;石家庄、唐山辐射区发育不足,需首先加强自身经济建设;②交通、产业辐射发育范围重合度较低,交通的先导作用加速了中小城镇生产要素流失,形成环京津贫困带。据此提出了自下而上整合、由内向外扩展的地区发展策略建议。 相似文献
103.
Examining urban land-cover characteristics and ecological regulation during the construction of Xiong’an New District,Hebei Province,China 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Development of Xiong'an New District (XND) is integral to the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Integration Initiative. It is intended to ease the non-capital functions of Beijing, optimize regional spatial patterns, and enhance ecosystem services and living environment in this urban agglomeration. Applying multi-stage remote sensing (RS) images, land use/cover change (LUCC) data, ecosystem services assessment data, and high-precision urban land-cover information, we reveal the regional land-cover characteristics of this new district as well as across the planned area of the entire BTH urban agglomeration. Corresponding ecological protection and management strategies are also proposed. Results indicated that built-up areas were rapidly expanding, leading to a continuous impervious surface at high density. Urban and impervious surface areas (ISAs) grew at rates 1.27 and 1.43 times higher than that in the 2000s, respectively, seriously affecting about 15% area of the sub-basins. Construction of XND mainly encompasses Xiongxian, Rongcheng, and Anxin counties, areas which predominantly comprise farmland, townships and rural settlements, water, and wetland ecosystems. The development and construction of XND should ease the non-capital functions of Beijing, as well as moderately control population and industrial growth. Thus, this development should be included within the national ‘sponge city’ construction pilot area in early planning stages, and reference should be made to international low-impact development modes in order to strengthen urban green infrastructural construction. Early stage planning based on the existing characteristics of the underlying surface should consider the construction of green ecological patches and ecological corridors between XND and the cities of Baoding, Beijing, and Tianjin. The proportion of impervious surfaces should not exceed 60%, while that of the core area should not exceed 70%. The development of XND needs to initiate the concept of ‘planning a city according to water resource amount’ and incorporate rainwater collection and recycling. 相似文献
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Using a heterogeneity stochastic frontier model(HSFM),we empirically investigated the economic efficiency of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei from 2003 to 2016 and its influencing factors.The key findings of the paper lie in:1)in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,the overall economic and technological efficiency tended to increase in a wavelike manner,economic growth slowed down,and there was an obvious imbalance in economic efficiency between the different districts,counties and cities;2)the heterogeneity stochastic frontier production functions(SFPFs)of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei were different from each other,and investment was still an important impetus of economic growth in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei;3)economic efficiency was positively correlated with economic agglomeration,human capital,industrial structure,infrastructure,the informatization level,and institutional factors,but negatively correlated with the government role and economic opening.The following policy suggestions are offered:1)to improve regional economic efficiency and reduce the economic gap in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,governments must reduce their intervention in economic activities,stimulate the potentials of labor and capital,optimize the structure of human resources,and foster new demographic incentives;2)governments must guide economic factors that are reasonable throughout Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and strengthen infrastructure construction in underdeveloped regions,thus attaining sustainable economic development;3)governments must plan overall economic growth factors of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and promote reasonable economic factors(e.g.,labor,resources,and innovations)across different regions,thus attaining complementary advantages between Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei. 相似文献
105.
基于臭氧监测仪OMI对流层NO2柱浓度产品研究了京津冀城市群2005年-2014年NO2时空变化及影响因素:(1)10年柱浓度年均增长率为3.35%,且年度波动较大。忽略2008年国家奥运会的环境治理所引起的变化,2005年-2011年NO2呈逐渐升高趋势;2012年-2014年呈逐渐降低趋势,以2014年下降最为显著。(2)呈西北低东南高的趋势。燕山-太行山山系以北的承德和张家口市浓度较低,山系以南主要有北京-天津-唐山与石家庄-邢台-邯郸两个污染中心。(3)京津冀北部三面环山不利于NO2的扩散,夏季丰富的降水对NO2具有显著湿沉降作用。(4)通过相关性分析、文献及国家政策印证等方法,发现地区产业及能源结构很大程度上决定了地区的污染来源。北京市10年来第三产业一直处于主导且稳步提高,煤炭消耗量低,但汽车保有量增加了1.5倍,主要来源为机动车尾气排放;天津市第二产业比第三产业比重略高,煤炭消耗量是北京的两倍之余,但汽车保有量仅是北京市的一半,由此可知工业排放和机动车是共同来源;河北省第二产业比重很高,燃煤量占京津冀地区的80.6%,河北省工业排放是NO2的主要来源,但近几年随着机动车保有量的剧增,其尾气排放分担率不可小觑。 相似文献
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如何实现自然与人文双重驱动下的特大城市群地区土地覆被变化的情景模拟,不仅是当前土地覆被变化研究领域的热点问题,也是城镇化可持续发展研究的核心主题之一。本文在对现有土地覆被变化情景模型缺陷进行分析和修正的基础上,构建了自然要素与人文要素耦合驱动的土地覆被情景曲面建模（SSMLC）方法。结合IPCC 2020年发布的共享社会经济路径（SSPs）与典型浓度路径（RCPs）组合的CMIP6 SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5的气候情景数据,以及人口、GDP、交通、政策等人文参数,分别实现了SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5情景下的京津冀土地覆被变化的情景模拟。模拟结果表明：SSMLC对京津冀地区土地覆被变化模拟的总体精度为93.52%;京津冀地区的土地覆被在2020—2040时段内的变化强度最高（3.12%/10a）,2040年以后的变化强度将逐渐减缓;在2020—2100年间,建设用地增加速度最快,增加率为5.07%/10a。湿地的减少速度最快,减少率为3.10%/10a。2020—2100时段内的京津冀土地覆被在SSP5-8.5情景下的变化强度整体高于在SSP1-2.6和SSP2-4.5情景下的变化强度;GDP、人口、交通和政策等人文因子对京津冀地区耕地、建设用地、湿地和水体的影响强度高于对其他土地覆被类型的影响强度。研究结果证实了SSMLC模型能够有效模拟和定量刻画京津冀地区土地覆被空间分布格局在未来不同情景的时空变化趋势和强度,模拟结果可为京津冀协同一体化的国土空间优化配置与规划、以及生态环境建设提供辅助依据和数据支撑。 相似文献
107.
如何提高创新效率以促进京津冀地区经济发展由相对衰落转向相对兴旺进而带动北方腹地发展,是新发展阶段深入推进京津冀协同发展面临的重大问题。针对这一问题,本文在指出创新相对无效率是京津冀地区经济相对衰落关键的基础上,基于“密度、距离、分割、异质”（“4D”）框架,从经验上论证了京津冀地区创新地理相对无效率是其创新相对无效率的根源,提出了重塑京津冀地区创新地理的战略主张。首先,分析京津冀地区与长三角、粤港澳的经济效率、创新竞争力和创新效率演变趋势差异,发现京津冀地区经济效率低且趋于下降、创新缺乏竞争力、创新效率偏低,处于创新相对无效率状态。其次,基于“4D”框架阐释京津冀地区创新相对无效率的经济地理原因是,经济、人口和专利的低密度与高集聚不平衡程度并存、专利转移空间范围广而产学研协同发展的本地化水平低、创新分割严峻且空间异质性强、异质优势相对薄弱共同导致的创新地理相对无效率。最后,计量分析表明“4D”因素的相对变动将显著影响创新相对效率变动,证实京津冀地区创新地理相对无效率是创新相对无效率的根源。本文研究表明基于“4D”框架重塑创新经济地理是京津冀地区提高创新效率,进而实现创新驱动发展的关键所在。 相似文献
108.
京津冀协同发展虽已取得显著成效,但缓解区域差异的挑战依然十分严峻。本文基于城市间投入产出表,构建京津冀产业链空间网络,考察京津冀协同发展战略提出前城市间功能协同存在的问题,据此探讨京津冀协同发展政策设计对改善城市间功能协同的有效性。研究发现,京津冀协同发展战略提出前,京津冀城市群存在着有分工、缺协同的问题,主要表现为：① 交通运输设备制造业和机械设备制造业产业链中游部门相对薄弱;② 北京生产性服务业的辐射强度和辐射范围不足;③ 产业链空间网络不均衡,空间融合程度低。产业链空间网络分析表明,《京津冀协同发展规划纲要》针对京津冀城市间功能协同的存在问题提出了解决方向与对策,但在补强产业链中游的加工制造环节、增强首都圈增长极作用和强化石家庄南部支点作用等方面,应加以完善。 相似文献
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YU Tao-fang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2006,16(1):1-8
1INTRODUCTIONAs significant economic motors and political actors, the global cityregions have been regarded as crucial parts of development strategies in China. In the "Eleventh Five- year Plan" by the National Development and Reform Commission of P. R. China, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Province (Jing-Jin-Ji) region, one of the typical mega- lopolises or global cityregions in the East Coastal China will be paid much more attention in the future (GU and YU,2002;YAO,2005;MAO,2005)… 相似文献
110.
Visual simulation of regional development differentiation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Regional development differentiation is a complicated spatial and temporal dynamic process. Recent developments in spatial statistics and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have led to an increasing interest in quantitative analysis and visualization of the process. However, so far, few direct connections have been made between the newly developed methods and classic spatial development theories, which would be very helpful for the interpretation and understanding of regional spatiotemporal differentiation. Using basic concepts and academic principles of polarized growth theory and gradient transfer theory, this paper quantifies the concept of regional development space. It then proposes a method based on GIS to visually simulate and analyze regional development spatiotemporal differentiation through a case study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region (BTHMR), China. The main research results are as follows. 1) The proposed method, built on classic theories and well-developed GIS technology, presents a good picture of regional development spatiotemporal differentiation. 2) The levels of regional development, in terms of per capita GDP across BTHMR, diminished significantly with increased distances away from city propers (which can be seen as the regional growth poles), leading to the appearance of development valley zones between different cities. The development valley zones between each city coincided with their boundary areas, which indicates that administrative boundaries have some impact on regional development, if the regional division is based on administrative boundaries. 3) From 1993 to 2007, the development level in the whole BTHMR improved significantly, of which polarized growth was dominant, especially for Beijing and Tianjin. However, as the two economic development engines in BTHMR, the pull effects of both Beijing and Tianjin on their peripheral areas were comparatively weak, except for those on Tangshan. 4) The structure and pattern of gradient transfer and balanced development in the BTHMR had not been completely developed yet, and the sustained polarized development of the regional economy in BTHMR was still going to be the main trend in the next 5–10 years. 相似文献