Strain analysis in Jurassic argillites of the Monte Sirino area (Lagonegro Zone,southern Apennines,Italy) and implications for deformation paths in pelitic rocks     

S. Mazzoli 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1995,84(4):781-793

Analysis of strain in Jurassic argillites forming part of the folded and thrusted sedimentary succession of the Lagonegro basin (southern Italian Apennines) has been carried out using ellipsoid-shaped reduction spots as strain markers. Most of the determined finite strain ellipsoids are of oblate type and show a peculiar distribution of the maximum extension direction (X), with maxima either subparallel or subperpendicular to the local fold axes. Using the strain matrix method, two different deformation histories have been considered to assist the interpretation of the observed finite strain pattern. A first deformation history involved vertical compaction followed by horizontal shortening (occurring by a combination of true tectonic strain and volume loss), whereby all strain is coaxial and there is no change in the intermediate axis of the strain ellipsoid. By this type of deformation sequence, which produces a deformation path where total strain moves from the oblate to the prolate strain field and back to the oblate field, prolate strain ellipsoids can be generated and may be recorded where tectonic deformation has not been large enough to reverse pretectonic compaction. This type of deformation history may be of local importance within the study area (i.e. it may characterize some fold hinge regions) and, more generally, is probably of limited occurrence in deformed pelitic rocks. A second deformation sequence considered the superposition of pre-tectonic compaction and tectonic strain consisting of initial layer-parallel shortening followed by layer-parallel shear (related to flexural folding). Also in this instance, volume change during tectonic deformation and tectonic plane strain have been assumed. For geologically reasonable amounts of volume loss due to compaction and of initial layer-parallel shortening, this type of deformation history is capable of producing a deformation path entirely lying within the oblate strain field, but still characterized by a changeover, during deformation, of the maximum extension axis (X) from a position parallel to the fold axis to one perpendicular to it. This type of deformation sequence may explain the main strain features observed in the study area, where most of the measured finite strain ellipsoids, determined from the limb regions of flexural folds, display an oblate shape, irrespective of the orientation of their maximum extension direction (X) with respect to the local structural trends. More generally, this type of deformation history provides a mechanism to account for the predominance of oblate strains in deformed pelitic rocks.  相似文献   

Quartz deformation mechanisms during Barrovian metamorphism: Implications from crystallographic orientation of different generations of quartz in pelites     

A. Rahimi-Chakdel  A.P. Boyle  D.J. Prior 《Tectonophysics》2006,427(1-4):15

The behaviour of quartz during metamorphism is studied based on two case studies from the Barrovian terrains of Sulitjelma in arctic Scandinavia and Loch Tay in the Central Highlands Dalradian of Scotland. Both terrains preserve evidence for metamorphism in pelites involving nucleation and growth of garnet at different times in the deformation history. Data are presented on the size, shape and crystallographic orientation of quartz preserved as inclusions in garnet and as grains in the surrounding matrix. While quartz-grains remain small and dispersed between mica grains, deformation appears to be dominated by grain-boundary sliding accommodated by dissolution–precipitation. At amphibolite facies, textural coarsening occurs by dissolution of small quartz grains and growth of larger quartz grains, coupled with segregation of quartz from mica. As a result, quartz deforms by dislocation creep, developing crystallographic preferred orientations (CPO) consistent with both coaxial and non-coaxial strain. Quartz CPOs with <0001> axes lying parallel to foliation and stretching direction are commonly developed, and best explained by mechanical rotation of inequant (detrital?) quartz grains. There is no evidence for selective entrapment of quartz inclusions in garnet on the basis of quartz crystallographic orientation.  相似文献   

362℃和差异应力条件下硫化物在NaCl溶液中的再活化实验研究   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

顾连兴汤晓茜  王子江郑远川吴昌志  陆建军倪培　吴学益 《岩石学报》2005,21(5):1429-1434

红透山块状硫化物矿石主要成分为黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿、闪锌矿和石英、角闪石、黑云母等脉石矿物。切成长40mm 直径17mm 的矿石圆柱用20wt%NaCl 溶液浸泡260小时后装入长江500型活塞-圆筒式三轴应力试验机,在362℃414MPa 围压下加1342MPa 轴压,13小时后于空气中自然冷却。实验后试样长度压缩为32.3mm,算得应变速率为4.1×10~(-6)/s。实验产物中出现大量垂直应力轴的松弛裂缝。黄铁矿强烈脆性破裂,而磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿以塑性变形为主,局部也发生脆性破裂。再活化黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿和黄铜矿分别充填同种矿物的碎粒间隙。再活化产物也呈细脉穿插脆性变形的黄铁矿碎斑,细脉中以黄铜矿为主,其次是磁黄铁矿,有时含极少量闪锌矿,在磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿的塑性变形区内,以及变形的石英和其它脉石矿物中均无再活化硫化物产出。实验结果表明在构造应力作用下强干性矿物和地质体容易发生脆性变形,从而为再活化成矿流体的运移和析出矿质提供通道和空间,而韧性变形区较难提供流体通道和矿质沉淀空间。所以,再活化成矿作用容易发生在脆性变形区和韧-脆性转换部位。原生矿石中的黄铜矿在实验条件下比其它三种硫化物更容易再活化。脆性变形的黄铜矿和黄铁矿比起其它矿物来更容易接受含铜流体的叠加,因此地层中的含铜黄铁矿矿胚层最容易受叠加流体作用而形成层控富矿床。  相似文献   

耒宜高速公路路堑边坡变形破坏特征及其综合治理   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

肖剑秋  卿笃干  赵海斌  钟辉亚 《工程地质学报》2002,10(1):89-92

耒宜高速公路修建于山岭重丘区 ,沿线地形、地质条件差异较大 ,路堑开挖边坡类型较多 ,特征不一。本文介绍了路堑边坡的主要特征、边坡失稳的主要原因及治理对策。  相似文献   

Behaviour of a rupture of the 21 June 2000 earthquake in South Iceland as revealed in an asphalted car park     

Jacques Angelier  Franoise Bergerat 《Journal of Structural Geology》2002,24(12)

A major earthquake (M=6.6) occurred on 21 June 2000, in South Iceland. This paper presents an unusual example of left-lateral strike-slip displacement recorded in a newly asphalted car park surface through a mechanically consistent pattern of open fissures and pressure ridges resulting from simple shear and rotation. Measurement of these features allows accurate reconstruction of the local deformation. The behaviour of the asphalt layer resembles that of analogue physical models, especially in terms of rotations induced by shear deformation. It is finally shown that through a wide range of scales some basic patterns associating rotation and opposite senses of strike-slip exist in the South Iceland Seismic Zone.  相似文献   

Petrology of two diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths from the Lahtojoki kimberlite pipe, eastern Finland     

P. Peltonen  K. A. Kinnunen  H. Huhma 《Lithos》2002,63(3-4):151-164

Diamondiferous Group A eclogites constitute a minor portion of the mantle-derived xenoliths in the eastern Finland kimberlites. They have been derived from the depth interval 150–230 km where they are inferred to occur as thin layers or small pods within coarse-grained garnet peridotites. The chemical and isotopic composition of minerals suggest that they represent (Proterozoic?) mantle-derived melts or cumulates rather than subducted oceanic lithosphere. During magma ascent and emplacement of the kimberlites, the eclogite xenoliths were mechanically and chemically rounded judging from the types of surface markings. In addition, those octahedral crystal faces of diamonds that were partially exposed from the rounded eclogite xenolith became covered by trigons and overlain by microlamination due to their reaction with the kimberlite magma. The diamonds bear evidence of pervasive plastic deformation which is not, however, evident in the eclogite host. This suggests that annealing at ambient lithospheric temperatures has effectively recrystallised the silicates while the diamond has retained its lattice imperfections and thus still has the potential to yield information about ancient mantle deformation. One of our samples is estimated to contain approximately 90,000 ct/ton diamond implying that some diamonds occur within very high-grade pods or thin seams in the lithospheric mantle. To our knowledge, this is one of the most diamondiferous samples described.  相似文献   

数字化形变资料分析处理流程     

王梅  曲同磊  鲁成义 《东北地震研究》2002,18(4):30-35

根据形变数字化数据和前兆特征。主要对EIS000中提供的数据处理及异常判定方法进行了使用分析。针对固体潮成分和非固体潮成分。提出了在日常分析和会商中较为适用的方法和步骤。  相似文献   

滇西北石鼓片岩变质变形特征及其划分   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李昆琼 《云南地质》2003,22(3):329-335

滇西北金沙江结合带东侧的石鼓变质岩系，可划分为石鼓岩群和巨甸岩群。石鼓岩群受区域动力热流变质作用改造，主期变形环境为中、深部构造相；巨甸岩群受区域低温动力变质作用改造，与之相伴的构造形迹属中、浅部构造相。石鼓岩群包含羊坡岩组和露西岩组，巨甸岩群可进一步划分为陇巴岩组和塔城岩组。同一岩群的岩组，变质作用、构造变形特征相同，但变质岩石组合及原岩特征却有明显差别。  相似文献   

2-D deformation analysis of a half-space due to a long dip-slip fault at finite depth     

Sushil K. Tomar  Naresh K. Dhiman 《Journal of Earth System Science》2003,112(4):587-596

Closed form analytical expressions of stresses and displacements at any field point due to a very long dip-slip fault of finite width buried in a homogeneous, isotropic elastic half-space, are presented. Airy stress function is used to derive the expressions of stresses and displacements which depend on the dip angle and depth of the upper edge of the fault. The effect of dip angle and depth of the upper edge of the fault on stresses and displacements is studied numerically and the results obtained are presented graphically. Contour maps for stresses and displacements are also presented. The results of Rani and Singh (1992b) and Freund and Barnett (1976) have been reproduced.  相似文献   

Physical modelling of deformation in the Tasman Orogenic Zone     

Myra Keep   《Tectonophysics》2003,375(1-4):37

Structural vergence within the Western Subprovince of the Lachlan Fold Belt is towards the hinterland rather than the foreland, in contrast to many well-known orogenic belts. High angle-reverse faults and upright folds verge eastwards, away from the Australian craton, towards the inferred centre of orogenic and magmatic activity. We designed a series of analogue models to test the anomalous vergence in the western Lachlan Fold Belt, particularly the interaction of a stable Australian craton with Tasman Line geometry, interacting with weaker oceanic or transitional lithospheric material. We found consistently that vergence direction in the models was towards the hinterland, not the foreland, as in the western Lachlan Fold Belt, irrespective of the way the model was deformed. Strength gradients between the oceanic and cratonic lithosphere control the deformation patterns. An important result of the models is that they demonstrate that fold belts with different vergences can be generated without the requirement of subducting oceanic lithosphere.  相似文献