中国东部四明山古夷平面遗迹特征与演化     

郑丽波  戴雪荣  张欢 《江苏地质》2018,42(4):543-551

古夷平面研究在地貌演化和新构造运动研究中占有极其重要的地位,但由于遭受构造运动和剥蚀作用的影响,很多古夷平面遗迹已无从清晰辨识。浙江四明山顶古近纪夷平古风化壳面的发现,为研究浙江东部甚至华东地区的新生代地貌演化提供了重要地质信息,同时为始新世和中新世时的古气候、古环境研究提供了重要物质证据。通过详细的野外地质调查,系统采集了该区5个点位的20个古风化壳样品和7个点位的15个现代风化壳样品,开展黏土矿物分析和玄武岩K-Ar年龄测试。研究确认四明山地区发育有2期古夷平面遗迹,即古近纪(E)和新近纪(N)古夷平面遗迹:第一期夷平面发育时间为65. 0～32. 2 Ma,解体和古夷平面遗迹保存时间为32. 2～21. 7 Ma;第二期夷平面发育时间为21. 7～10. 5 Ma,解体和古夷平面遗迹保存时间为10. 5～3. 0 Ma。研究区2期火山活动喷发所形成的玄武岩盖层有效保护了该区的古风化壳,从而使四明山古夷平面遗迹具有空间展布完整、剖面信息清晰等特征,呈现出由古夷平面(古风化壳)与玄武岩堆积面(现代风化壳)组成的"双风化壳"现象,为观察古夷平面遗迹特征提供了最佳场所。  相似文献   

Paleogene Deformation and its Control Mechanism in the Central Part of Raoyang SagEI北大核心CSCD     

Wang Y.  Qi J.  Zheng R.  Miao Q.  Niu X.  Chen S.  Gao Y. 《大地构造与成矿学》2018,(4):628-638

Various Palaeogenic deformations have been recognized in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. Based on seismic interpretation, the sedimentary sequences, structure features and activity of main faults have been studied. The results show that the Xianxian detachment fault, which is located in the eastern boundary of the Raoyang Sag, was still active during the Cenozoic and controlled the basinal deformation. The detachment depth and deformation of the Xianxian detachment fault are discussed based on the area-balance theory. The results reveal that patterns of the Paleogene structures vary considerably from the north to the south. Activity of the main faults in the hanging wall of the Xianxian detachment led to a westward migration of the deposition center. On the other hand, the uplifting of the dome related to the detachment resulted in fast denudation of the overlying sediments in locals. The deformation of detachment fault and activities of the major faults controlled the Paleogene deformation in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地南缘白垩系—古近系烃源岩地球化学特征及潜力评价     

高剑雄 《地质论评》2021,67(Z1):67z1219-67z1221

  相似文献   

青藏高原多期次隆升的环境效应   总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28  

葛肖虹  任收麦  马立祥  吴光大  刘永江  袁四化 《地学前缘》2006,13(6):118-130

青藏高原隆升对中国西部环境变迁起着决定性影响。通过对柴达木、吐鲁番—哈密、塔里木盆地的演化及其与青藏高原隆升的耦合研究,以柴达木盆地为时空坐标,认为高原隆升可分为三大阶段:(1)古近纪期间青藏高原隆升仅限于冈底斯山一带。当时,受行星纬向气候带控制,中国西北地区为干旱亚热带草原和热带雨林环境,大面积准平原化、泛盆地化,在构造上处于伸展-夷平的拉张环境,与现今亚洲大陆东部相似;(2)青藏高原整体的初次隆升发生在中新世早—中期(23~11·7Ma)。因青藏高原和大兴安岭的阻隔,古近纪的纬向气候带逐渐转变为中亚季候风,古黄土(22Ma)、三趾马动物群的发育,说明高原北缘当时为干旱的荒漠草原环境。同时,这次隆升引起中—晚中新世中国西部广袤地域古地形-构造面貌的变化;(3)形成现今高原面貌的末次快速隆升发生在0·9~0·8Ma。早更新世晚期,印度洋快速扩张,印度板块向中亚大陆脉冲式(A型)陆内俯冲,使得高原快速挤压隆升。这次隆升不仅使高原本身的环境骤变,出现第四纪以来最大的冰川,形成世界上最大的高寒草原,而且引起了全球气候的变化,促使北极圈冰盖的形成。同时,高原隆升使高原内部和周边出现强烈的挤压构造变形,如柴达木、河西走廊、塔里木、吐鲁番—哈密、准噶尔等诸盆地内几万米厚度中—新生界的构造变形与昆仑山、祁连山、天山、阿尔泰山的挤出式双向推覆隆升,形成了中国西北的盆-山地貌。现今,随着青藏高原的持续隆升,高寒草原开始退化,造成中国西北地区大面积的荒漠化,成为制约我国西部生态环境的重要因素。  相似文献   

Discovery of Paleogene Sporopollen from the Matrix Strata of the Naij Tal Group-Complex in the Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GUO Xianpu  WANG Naiwen  DENG Xiaozhong  ZHAO Min  WANG Daning Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(4):490-497

The Naij Tal Group-complex is a suite of tectonic-sedimentary melange aggregation of the Eastern Kunlun orogenic belt, which is composed of two parts, i.e. the exotic blocks of various ages and the matrix strata. On the basis of coral, brachiopod and gastropod fossils found in the exotic blocks, the age of this group-complex was once defined to the Late Ordovician or the Paleozoic. This paper reports for the first time 44 genera and 31 species of Mid-Late Oligocene sporopollen in samples from the matrix strata in this group-complex and the Paleogene Quercoidites-Persicarioipollis assemblage is named. The paper aims to provide some detailed evidence for determining the age of the matrix strata in this group-complex based upon a study at the Caiyuanzigou section, which would be of great geological significance for further understanding this group-complex as a suite of tectonic-sedimentary melange aggregation. The new finding will certainly benefit from now on the investigation of formation and evolution mechanism for the Eastern Kunlun orogenic belt.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地古近纪岩相古地理   总被引：20，自引：6，他引：14  

邵龙义  何志平  顾家裕  罗文林  贾进华  刘永福  张丽娟  张鹏飞 《古地理学报》2006,8(3):353-364

古近纪是塔里木盆地由海向陆转化的时期。当时该区的海侵来自研究区西侧的古地中海分支,物源则主要是盆地北部的南天山以及南部的昆仑山,沉积中心在库车坳陷西部以及塔西南坳陷带的西部。古新世-始新世早期（库姆格列木群沉积期）在盆地北部库车坳陷发育砾岩、砂岩、碳酸盐岩及膏盐岩,沉积环境有滨岸、漏湖、潮坪及扇三角洲等,塔西南坳陷以碳酸盐岩和膏岩为特征,从东到西发育开阔台地、近岸局限台地、蒸发盐台地、辫状河三角洲环境等,二者之间即在塔北隆起及北部坳陷带位置为宽阔的古隆起区。始新世晚期-渐新世（苏维依组沉积期）整个盆地以滨浅湖为主,发育粉砂岩与泥岩互层沉积,塔西南坳陷虽然仍发育多个海相层,但海水的影响明显比始新世早期弱,当时主要古地理单元有海湾渴湖、滨浅湖、扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲。总体上,塔里木盆地在古近纪经历了早期以扇三角洲为主的浅水环境到晚期的滨浅湖及海湾溻湖环境,古近纪研究区的古气候以热带-亚热带的干旱气候为主。  相似文献   

辽东中生代晚期和古近纪玄武岩及深源捕虏晶--对岩石圈地幔性质的制约   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

王微  许文良  纪伟强  杨德彬  裴福萍 《高校地质学报》2006,12(1):30-40

辽东地区玄武岩的K-Ar定年结果表明,曲家屯玄武岩形成于晚白垩世,K-Ar年龄为81．58±2．46Ma;乱石山子玄武岩形成于古近纪,K-Ar年龄为58．36±1．64Ma。本区玄武岩含有丰富的橄榄石、单斜辉石和角闪石捕虏晶。乱石山子玄武岩中橄榄石捕虏晶的Mg^#值（79．5-88．5之间,平均值为84）较曲家屯玄武岩中橄榄石捕虏晶Mg^#值（77．0～79．8之间,平均值为78．4）偏高;单斜辉石捕虏晶为透辉石,其从核部到边部的Mg^#等变化趋势与橄榄石类似;斜方辉石捕虏晶为占铜辉石,其Mg^#值介于85．2-87．6之间,平均值为86．4。捕虏晶发育的环状裂隙、扭折带、矿物成分环带以及捕虏晶与主岩Mg^#值之间的不平衡均暗示它们为玄武质岩浆上升捕获的早期岩浆晶出矿物的堆晶体。玄武岩的岩石地球化学分析结果表明：（1）它们属于碱性系列,为碱性玄武岩,曲家屯玄武岩较乱石山子玄武岩贫硅、镁,富钙、铝,它们均具有原始岩浆的特征;（2）二者具有相似的稀土元素配分模式,但曲家屯玄武岩轻稀土元素总量更高,且轻重稀土元素分离程度高;（3）二者具有相似的Sr-Nd同位素组成,Isr和εNd（t）值分别介于0．7039～0．7045和＋1．60～＋3．69,反映了亏损的岩石圈地幔特征。  相似文献   

Paleogene evolution and demise of the proto‐Paratethys Sea in Central Asia (Tarim and Tajik basins): Role of intensified tectonic activity at ca. 41 Ma     

Mustafa Y. Kaya  Guillaume Dupont‐Nivet  Jean‐Noël Proust  Pierrick Roperch  Laurie Bougeois  Niels Meijer  Joost Frieling  Chiara Fioroni  Sevin zkan Alt&#x;ner  Ezgi Vardar  Natasha Barbolini  Marius Stoica  Jovid Aminov  Mehmut Mamtimin  Guo Zhaojie 《Basin Research》2019,31(3):461-486

The proto‐Paratethys Sea covered a vast area extending from the Mediterranean Tethys to the Tarim Basin in western China during Cretaceous and early Paleogene. Climate modelling and proxy studies suggest that Asian aridification has been governed by westerly moisture modulated by fluctuations of the proto‐Paratethys Sea. Transgressive and regressive episodes of the proto‐Paratethys Sea have been previously recognized but their timing, extent and depositional environments remain poorly constrained. This hampers understanding of their driving mechanisms (tectonic and/or eustatic) and their contribution to Asian aridification. Here, we present a new chronostratigraphic framework based on biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy as well as a detailed palaeoenvironmental analysis for the Paleogene proto‐Paratethys Sea incursions in the Tajik and Tarim basins. This enables us to identify the major drivers of marine fluctuations and their potential consequences on Asian aridification. A major regional restriction event, marked by the exceptionally thick (≤ 400 m) shelf evaporites is assigned a Danian‐Selandian age (ca. 63–59 Ma) in the Aertashi Formation. This is followed by the largest recorded proto‐Paratethys Sea incursion with a transgression estimated as early Thanetian (ca. 59–57 Ma) and a regression within the Ypresian (ca. 53–52 Ma), both within the Qimugen Formation. The transgression of the next incursion in the Kalatar and Wulagen formations is now constrained as early Lutetian (ca. 47–46 Ma), whereas its regression in the Bashibulake Formation is constrained as late Lutetian (ca. 41 Ma) and is associated with a drastic increase in both tectonic subsidence and basin infilling. The age of the final and least pronounced sea incursion restricted to the westernmost margin of the Tarim Basin is assigned as Bartonian–Priabonian (ca. 39.7–36.7 Ma). We interpret the long‐term westward retreat of the proto‐Paratethys Sea starting at ca. 41 Ma to be associated with far‐field tectonic effects of the Indo‐Asia collision and Pamir/Tibetan plateau uplift. Short‐term eustatic sea level transgressions are superimposed on this long‐term regression and seem coeval with the transgression events in the other northern Peri‐Tethyan sedimentary provinces for the 1st and 2nd sea incursions. However, the 3rd sea incursion is interpreted as related to tectonism. The transgressive and regressive intervals of the proto‐Paratethys Sea correlate well with the reported humid and arid phases, respectively in the Qaidam and Xining basins, thus demonstrating the role of the proto‐Paratethys Sea as an important moisture source for the Asian interior and its regression as a contributor to Asian aridification.  相似文献   

珠一坳陷始新世文昌组沉积期构造转换对源‒汇体系的控制     

林鹤鸣  刘培  汪旭东  贾培蒙  李振升  高翔  阙晓铭 《大地构造与成矿学》2021,45(1):188-200

珠江口盆地珠一坳陷在中始新世裂陷期文昌组沉积早、晚期之间存在明显的构造转换,该构造事件对古近系源?汇体系的形成和演变有重大影响.基于研究区地震、钻井、测井等资料的综合分析,本文认为构造转换控制了裂陷期源?汇体系的盆山地貌、物源供给、搬运方向及沉积样式等基本要素,并影响深层古近系储层条件.而且在构造转换的制约下,研究区发...  相似文献   

南襄盆地泌阳断陷下第三系陆相层序地层   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

胡受权  陈国能 《地球学报》1999,20(2):207-214

泌阳断陷历经中生代小型拉分盆地、早第三纪断陷盆地和晚第三纪坳陷盆地等３个盆地原型的演化、叠合过程,形成了３个盆地充填序列及其所包含的３个构造层序。泌阳断陷下第三系（即构造层序Ⅱ）为湖盆沉积充填主体,其可划分为７个层序组,各层序组具特定的沉积体系配置关系。作为泌阳断陷油气勘探主要目的层段的下第三系核桃园组可进一步划分为１２个层序。其中,核三上段包括跨时分别为１．０８、１．４０、１．０２Ｍａ的３个陆相层序,由南往北呈现冲积扇—扇三角洲—湖泊—三角洲的沉积体系空间配置。泌阳断陷下第三系层序地层年代框架模式清晰地显示了断陷湖盆成盆演化史、沉积充填史及其陆相层序时空展布特征。  相似文献