复杂场地条件下砂土液化的判别问题          下载免费PDF全文

姚大全 《地震地质》1993,15(2):186-192

从简单场地条件下砂土液化的判别入手,系统介绍一般场地液化判别的基本步骤,重点分析在复杂工程场地条件下,如何全面考虑各种因素以合理选取地震液化判据。文中结合某大桥地基土液化判别实例,多方位探讨判别特殊重大工程地基土液化的有效方法,讨论了液化深度问题,与此同时,尚考虑到液化和滑塌等地质灾害的相关效应  相似文献   

Entropy inference of recurrence models for variability analysis of extreme events     

A.?Solana-OrtegaEmail author  V.?Solana 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2004,18(3):167-187

A complete methodology is developed to analyze the recurrence of extreme environmental events and its variability as time without further events elapses. Firstly we investigate the conditioned recurrence inference problem consisting in the selection of a probability model for the interarrival time between extreme events, given a contexto-factual evidence conditioned by the time elapsed since the last of such events. Two ways to include this condition can be considered, which yield alternative conditioned evidences and convert the former problem into two distinct ones, thus giving rise to a possible consistency violation. These problems are formalized within the logical probability framework, in a plausible logic language that allows a suitable expression of the available observational data. They are solved using the REF relative entropy method with fractile constraints, and their solutions are compared at all inference levels. It is concluded that the two conditioning ways are not really mutually exclusive and that a unique global solution to the conditioned inference can be obtained using this procedure. An example illustrates an application of the methodology to the variability analysis of the recurrence time between historical inundations of the Guadalquivir river in Spain, as time elapses with no new floods.Acknowledgments. Support for this work was provided by DGI of Spain as the grant REN2000-2988-E/CLI and the research project REN2002-01337/CLI.  相似文献   

陕西泾阳地区的地震活动与冯村水库关系探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

毛娟  邢西淳  邵辉成  王军儒 《地震工程学报》2003,25(4):370-373

根据微震相对额度原理提取微震信息,分析了泾阳震群的活动特征．应用相关分析法探讨了泾阳地区的震群活动与冯村水库库容变化和口镇-关山断裂活动的关系,认为泾阳地区的震群活动是构造地震,是区域应力场控制的结果,与水库无关．  相似文献   

Precise GRACE baseline determination using GPS   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

Remco Kroes  Oliver Montenbruck  William Bertiger  Pieter Visser 《GPS Solutions》2005,9(1):21-31

Precision relative navigation is an essential aspect of spacecraft formation flying missions, both from an operational and a scientific point of view. When using GPS as a relative distance sensor, dual-frequency receivers are required for high accuracy at large inter-satellite separations. This allows for a correction of the relative ionospheric path delay and enables double difference integer ambiguity resolution. Although kinematic relative positioning techniques demonstrate promising results for hardware-in-the-loop simulations, they were found to lack an adequate robustness in real-world applications. To overcome this limitation, an extended Kalman Filter modeling the relative spacecraft dynamics has been developed. The filter processes single difference GPS pseudorange and carrier phase observations to estimate the relative position and velocity along with empirical accelerations and carrier phase ambiguities. In parallel, double difference carrier phase ambiguities are resolved on both frequencies using the least square ambiguity decorrelation adjustment (LAMBDA) method in order to fully exploit the inherent measurement accuracy. The combination of reduced dynamic filtering with the LAMBDA method results in smooth relative position estimates as well as fast and reliable ambiguity resolution. The proposed method has been validated with data from the gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) mission. For an 11-day data arc, the resulting solution matches the GRACE K-Band Ranging System measurements with an accuracy of 1 mm, whereby 83% of the double difference ambiguities are resolved.  相似文献   

The influence of intense rainfall on the activity of large-scale crystalline schist landslides in Shikoku Island, Japan   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4  

Yong Hong  Hiromasa Hiura  Kazuo Shino  Kyoji Sassa  Akira Suemine  Hiroshi Fukuoka  Gonghui Wang 《Landslides》2005,2(2):97-105

Many large landslides in the crystalline schist region of Shikoku Island, Japan, are susceptible to intense rainfall. Through the use of on-site monitoring systems, the activity of landslides and their meteorological triggers can be assessed. Continuous high-intensity rainfall was found to play a key role in provoking landslide movement. This paper investigates the influence of intense rainfall on the activity of crystalline schist landslides by examining rainfall and displacement of four typical landslides. By defining and calculating the effective rainfall and the relative landslide displacement, the relationship between intense rainfall and rainfall-induced landslide movement was analysed. Results indicate that the intense rainfall-induced landslide movement can be correlated with the effective rainfall. From these results, two rainfall thresholds were identified for the landslide risk management of Shikoku Island.  相似文献   

以风场和湿度的显著季节变化确定全球季风的分布     

郑彬 《气象科学》2006,26(5):473-477

利用1958~2003年对流层相对湿度和风场(NCEP/NCAR再分析资料)的季节变化来定义盛行风的季节变化引起的天气气候明显变化的区域———季风区。通过分析表明,对流层低层的风场季节变率可以描述传统的季风区,但是在传统季风区以外,也有风场季节变率大的区域。利用中高层相对湿度的显著季节变化(热带地区季节变化大于20%,副热带地区大于10%,赤道地区以风向的季节变化大于90°)可以弥补风场季节变率的不足。由它们二者确定的季风区物理意义明确,有较大的合理性。  相似文献   

不同数学模型在降水量资料序列订正中适用性探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

宋超辉 《应用气象学报》1998,9(2):213-218

采用逐步多元线性回归模型、一元线性回归模型、综合法模型和比值法模型对分布于全国31个台站的降水量资料进行了模型订正效果的试验与分析。结果表明:（1）逐步多元线性回归模型对年降水量序列的订正效果较好,其相对拟合误差总平均在0.08以下,而其它3种模型与月降水量序列的订正效果较差,相对拟合误差总平均在0.11以上;（2）若将年降水量序列相对拟合误差控制在0.10以内,则要求确定订正方程式的平行资料年数为10年或以上,要求订正站与基本站序列的相关系数在0.85以上;（3）较湿润地区拟合误差较小,反之较大。  相似文献   

南极冰盖消融对全球海平面的影响(英)     

WANG Han-Sheng  ZHANG Chi-Jun 《冰川冻土》1998,(4)

In this paper, supposing that the earth is a spherically symmetric, perfectly elastic and isotropic, we derive the equation of the variation of relative sea level, utilize our previous results of the surface load Love numbers for PREM (1981) model, and compute the global relative sea level rise on the assumption that 10 meters thickness of Antarctic ice sheet would be melted in the future fifty years.  相似文献   

TOVS 水汽反演的误差分析及其订正   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王超  张凤英 《应用气象学报》1996,7(3):285-293

该文利用同步物理反演法以6小时数值预报场为背景场对1992年1月份NOAA-12卫星垂直探测（TOVS）资料进行了大气参数反演，并对水汽反演误差进行了检验和分析。以常规观测作为检验的标准，检验结果按3条轨道统计，发现反演的相对湿度平均误差与背景场的误差密切相关，均为负值；在高层和高纬度，误差绝对值随高度的增加而增加，随纬度的升高而增加；误差的日际变化在高层比较稳定，低层振动较大。对反演误差进行订正后的结果表明，在500 hPa以上反演均比背景质量要好，尤其轨道A所有层次上订正后的反演比背景场好。  相似文献   

区域地壳稳定性研究的后顾与前瞻   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡海涛  刘传正 《工程地质学报》1993,1(1):7-13

文章回顾了中国区域地壳稳定性研究的历史,划分了其发展阶段,阐述了不同学派的基本观点,分析了该领域面临的新挑战并指出了其未来的发展方向。明确提出,在活动地区选出并评价相对稳定地块(安全岛)作为重大工程场址将是未来的主流。  相似文献