Automated Extraction of a Five‐Year LA‐ICP‐MS Trace Element Data Set of Ten Common Glass and Carbonate Reference Materials: Long‐Term Data Quality,Optimisation and Laser Cell Homogeneity          下载免费PDF全文

David Evans  Wolfgang Müller 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2018,42(2):159-188

LA‐ICP‐MS is increasingly applied to obtain quantitative multi‐element data with minimal sample preparation, usually achieved by calibration using reference materials (RMs). However, some ubiquitous RMs, for example the NIST SRM 61× series glasses, suffer from reported value uncertainties for certain elements. Moreover, no long‐term data set of analyses conducted over a range of ablation and tuning conditions exists. Thus, there has been little rigorous examination of the extent to which offsets between measured and reported values are the result of error in these values rather than analytically induced fractionation. We present new software (‘LA‐MINE’), capable of extracting LA‐ICP‐MS data with no user input, and apply this to our system, yielding over 5 years of data (~ 5700 analyses of ten glass and carbonate RMs). We examine the relative importance of systematic analytical bias and possible error in reported values through a mass‐specific breakdown of fourteen of the most commonly determined elements. Furthermore, these data, obtained under a wide range of different ablation conditions, enable specific recommendations of how data quality may be improved, for example the role of diatomic gas, the effect of differential inter‐glass fractionation factors and choice of transport tubing material. Finally, these data demonstrate that the two‐volume Laurin ablation cell is characterised by no discernible spatial heterogeneity in measured trace element ratios.  相似文献   

Calibration of cyclic constitutive models by oscillating functions     

Muyiwa Ebenezer Alalade  Binod Kafle  Frank Wuttke  Tom Lahmer 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2018,13(2):146-157

Most structures are subjected to more cyclic loads during their life time than static loads. These cyclic action could be a result of either natural or man-made activities and may lead to soil failure. In order to understand the response of the foundation and its interaction with these complex cyclic loadings, various researchers have over the years developed different constitutive models. Although a lot of research is being carried out on these relatively new models, little or no details exist in literature about the model-based identification of the cyclic constitutive parameters which to a large extent govern the quality of the model output. This could be attributed to the difficulties and complexities of the inverse modeling of such complex phenomena. A variety of optimisation strategies are available for the solution of the sum of least-squares problems as usually done in the field of model calibration. However, for the back analysis (calibration) of the soil response to oscillatory load functions, this article gives insight into the model calibration challenges and also puts forward a method for the inverse modeling of cyclic loaded foundation response such that high-quality solutions are obtained with minimum computational effort.  相似文献   

Probabilistic calibration of a coupled hydro-mechanical slope stability model with integration of multiple observations     

Lulu Zhang  Fang Wu  Yafei Zheng  Lihong Chen  Jie Zhang  Xu Li 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2018,12(3):169-182

Multiple types of responses, such as displacements, ground water level, pore water pressures, water contents, etc., are usually measured in comprehensive monitoring programmes for rainfall-induced landslide prevention. In this study, a probabilistic calibration method for coupled hydro-mechanical modelling of slope stability is presented with integration of multiple types of measurements. A numerical example of a soil slope under rainfall infiltration is illustrated to compare the effects of single and multiple types of responses on parameter estimation and model calibration. The results show that the soil parameters can be estimated with less uncertainty and total uncertainty bounds are narrower with multiple types of responses than with a single type of response. Model calibration based on multiple types of responses can compromise different responses and hence the means and standard deviations of model error are the smallest. A feasible correlation coefficient between soil modulus and permeability can be obtained from model calibration with multiple types of responses and single type of response as long as the responses include displacement data.  相似文献   

泉州官桥地区地热勘探靶区及成因模式探讨     

陆晨明  刘春雷  李亚松  郝奇琛  曹胜伟  董岩 《地质论评》2021,67(5):1345-1356

福建省地热资源主要以中低温水热系统为主,对于其中深部的控热过程及条件目前还存在认识上的不足。本次研究综合重力及广域电磁法对研究区的断层及凹陷进行了详细的勘测和解译,推测出5条主断裂和10条次级断裂,并划定出凹陷区的分布范围。泉州官桥地区的对流型地热资源是储热岩体、导热断层和保热盖层的“三元”聚热模式。根据该聚热模式,一级断裂F31与F8的交汇部位可圈定为一级地热勘探靶区,GQ-F2与GQ-F3和GQ-F4、GQ-F7与F29、F1与F30、GQ-F10与GQ-F11的交汇部位可圈定为二级地热勘探靶区。在一级地热勘探靶区内布设的DR02孔显示,0~300m深度水温增速由快至慢,300m深度以下温度稳定在48℃。利用地热验证钻孔检验了聚热模式及圈定靶区的可靠性,这对于泉州官桥地区的地热资源开发利用具有重要意义。  相似文献   

蚀变矿物填图技术在斑岩型铜矿找矿勘查中的应用—以滇西北香格里拉松诺矿床为例     

杜斌 《地质与勘探》2021,57(4):879-894

松诺铜矿区位于香格里拉格咱斑岩铜矿带红山-普朗铜多金属成矿亚带中段,矿区剥蚀程度较低,具有寻找斑岩型铜矿的潜力。本次蚀变矿物填图工作采用近红外光谱矿物分析技术,识别出绿泥石、绿帘石、高岭石、云母类、蒙脱石类及伊利石等6类主要蚀变矿物,蚀变类型为青磐岩化、绢英岩化;结合物探、化探异常分布,圈定3处找矿靶区,经对KHT2、KHT3钻孔验证,深部均圈定多层铜矿化体。结果表明,近红外光谱矿物分析技术在斑岩型铜多金属矿床勘查评价中可以较好地划分热液矿化蚀变带,进一步明确斑岩型矿化-蚀变中心,为探矿工程部署提供依据。  相似文献   

气象卫星接收天线标校技术及应用     

张作君  王健  张小雪  吕明佳  杨蕾 《气象科技》2019,47(3):380-385

在过去的几十年中,我国气象事业的不断发展,中国风云气象卫星完成了从试验应用型向业务服务性的不断转型,因此对于卫星信号接收天线的可靠性和指向精度要求越来越高。目前用于接收风云系列极轨气象卫星下行信号的天线主要有12m和4.2m天线,其具有动态特性高、波束宽度窄等特点,因此需要在天线安装和运行期间对天线的轴系误差进行精确的标定和校准。本文在传统标校方法的基础上,提出了利用太阳进行的误差标校技术,进一步降低了标校环节的复杂程度,提高了标校精度。  相似文献   

WOFOST模型对河南省冬小麦模拟的适用性分析     

张弘  刘伟昌  李树岩 《气象与环境科学》2019,42(1):34-40

为进一步研究WOFOST模型在河南省冬麦区的适用性,以河南省30个农业气象观测站1991—2014年冬小麦观测资料、历史气象资料和土壤资料为依据,对WOFOST模型进行逐站调参和验证,分别建立了30个站的冬小麦模型参数。其中1991—2010年为模型调参年份,2011—2014年为模型验证年份。各站开花期和成熟期调参模拟的归一化均方根误差NRMSE分别小于5%和3%,验证误差分别为3.7%和2.9%。除潢川和固始外,模型对其余各站产量模拟的归一化均方根误差NRMSE全省各站均小于20.0%,验证误差全省平均为15.2%,大部分站点观测值和模拟值相关系数r通过了显著检验。利用调参后的模型模拟2011—2014年冬小麦生长动态变化可知,模拟地上部总干物重与实测单株干物重、模拟LAI与单株叶面积有较一致的变化趋势,拟合度较高。因此,WOFOST模型对河南省冬小麦主要发育阶段、产量及干物质积累模拟能力较强,具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

福建尤溪梅仙矿田铅锌银矿床特征及找矿方向   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄仁生 《福建地质》2007,26(4):211-221

梅仙矿田铅锌银矿是福建省目前已发现规模最大的铅锌矿产地。自上世纪90年代以来,矿田内陆续发现和评价了丁家山、峰岩2处大型规模的铅锌矿床。矿床产于闽中裂谷带中新元古代东岩组绿片岩中,属块状硫化物型矿床。  相似文献   

中国金红石矿床成矿地质条件及成矿远景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

夏学惠  赵玉海  闫飞 《化工矿产地质》2007,29(3):178-184

中国金红石矿床成因类型不一,控矿因素各异。通过对地层、构造(包括大地构造环境及褶皱)等控矿因素,区域变质作用、岩浆作用、热液作用、风化及沉积作用等成矿地质条件及矿床分布等规律的归纳与研究,提出了陕西石泉-镇坪、陕西丹凤-西峡、河南南召-方城、湖北枣阳-河南新县、湖北英山-潜山、江苏徐州-东海、山东栖霞-荣城、山西代县-河北涞水、四川会东9个金红石成矿远景区。并圈定出山东省荣城曲家、安徽凤阳板桥、湖北郧西土门—涧池、湖北七里坪大悟仙山、山西代县义成沟—羊廷寺、河北涞源司各庄、河北丰宁黄土梁等7个找矿靶区。  相似文献   

一种基于时延的水下声基阵坐标估算方法     

刘彦琼  刘雨东  付淼 《海洋技术学报》2008,27(3)

阵形估算是水听器阵列应用中的关键问题,基于时延的水下声基阵大地坐标标定方法利用声源发射和声阵接收的CW脉冲之间的时延获得空间中的三个声源发射点到阵元的距离,并以这三个声源发射点为圆心,以声源发射点到阵元的距离为半径做球面,得到的交点即为阵元的大地坐标.通过实验数据分析结果可以得出如下结论:基于时延的球面交汇法得到的阵形标定结果的绝对误差均值为0.13 m,可以把该方法运用于实际的工程测量当中.  相似文献