Object- and pixel-based classifications of macroalgae farming area with high spatial resolution imagery     

Yuhan Zheng  Anqi Wang  Jiang Chen 《国际地球制图》2018,33(10):1048-1063

Macroalgae plays an important role in coastal ecosystems. The accurate delineation of macroalgae areas is important for environmental management. This study compared the pixel- and object-based methods using Gaofen satellite no. 2 image to explore an efficient classification approach. Expert system rules and nearest neighbour classifier were adopted for object-based classification, whereas maximum likelihood classifier was implemented in the pixel-based approach. Normalized difference vegetation index, normalized difference water index, mean value of the blue band and geometric characteristics were selected as features to distinguish macroalgae farms by considering the spectral and spatial characteristics. Results show that the object-based method achieved a higher overall accuracy and kappa coefficient than the pixel-based method. Moreover, the object-based approach displayed superiority in identifying Porphyra class. These findings suggest that the object-based method can delineate macroalgae farming areas efficiently and be applied in the future to monitor the macroalgae farms with high spatial resolution imagery.  相似文献   

Fuel type mapping using object-based image analysis of DMC and Landsat-8 OLI imagery     

A. Stefanidou  E. Dragozi  D. Stavrakoudis  I. Z. Gitas 《国际地球制图》2018,33(10):1064-1083

Efficient forest fire management requires precise and up-to-date knowledge regarding the composition and spatial distribution of forest fuels at various spatial and temporal scales. Fuel-type maps are essential for effective fire prevention strategies planning, as well as the alleviation of the environmental impacts of potential wildfire events. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the potential of Disaster Monitoring Constellation and Landsat-8 OLI satellite images (Operational Land Imager), combined with Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA), in operational mapping of the Mediterranean fuel types at a regional scale. The results showcase that although the images of both sensors can be used with GEOBIA analysis for the generation of accurate fuel-type maps, only the OLI images can be considered as applicable for regional mapping of the Mediterranean fuel types on an operational basis.  相似文献   

地理探测器在判别滑坡稳定性影响因素中的应用     

支泽民  陈琼  张强  周强  刘峰贵  赵富昌  陈永萍 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2021,32(2):19-26

高山峡谷区是滑坡灾害频发地区,随着气候变化和人类活动加剧,滑坡呈多发、频发态势。本文选择坐落于横断山高山峡谷区的西藏江达县作为研究区,利用野外调查获取的85个滑坡数据,选取坡度、河流密度、地貌类型、降水量、距断层距离、道路密度、地震动峰值加速度、岩性等8个稳定性影响因素,运用地理探测器对滑坡稳定性的影响因素进行了探测。结果表明:（1）按滑坡体体积划分等级,江达县滑坡主要以中、小型滑坡为主;按其稳定性划分,50%以上的滑坡处于稳定状态;按危险等级划分,以Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级为主;江达县滑坡主要沿河流与道路分布,全县地面调查发现85处滑坡全部分布于河流附近,其中71.76%的滑坡分布于道路两侧。（2）江达县滑坡稳定性的主要影响因子为地貌类型、河流密度、道路密度和距断层距离,其贡献率分别为0.501,0.477,0.465,0.332;当影响因子两两相互作用时,因子解释力总是大于单个因子对滑坡稳定性的解释力,即当两种影响因子相互作用时,对于滑坡的失稳具有促进作用。  相似文献   

Understanding and modeling basin hydrology: interpreting the hydrogeological signature     

R. E. Beighley  T. Dunne  J. M. Melack 《水文研究》2005,19(7):1333-1353

Basin landscapes possess an identifiable spatial structure, fashioned by climate, geology and land use, that affects their hydrologic response. This structure defines a basin's hydrogeological signature and corresponding patterns of runoff and stream chemistry. Interpreting this signature expresses a fundamental understanding of basin hydrology in terms of the dominant hydrologic components: surface, interflow and groundwater runoff. Using spatial analysis techniques, spatially distributed watershed characteristics and measurements of rainfall and runoff, we present an approach for modelling basin hydrology that integrates hydrogeological interpretation and hydrologic response unit concepts, applicable to both new and existing rainfall‐runoff models. The benefits of our modelling approach are a clearly defined distribution of dominant runoff form and behaviour, which is useful for interpreting functions of runoff in the recruitment and transport of sediment and other contaminants, and limited over‐parameterization. Our methods are illustrated in a case study focused on four watersheds (24 to 50 km²) draining the southern coast of California for the period October 1988 though to September 2002. Based on our hydrogeological interpretation, we present a new rainfall‐runoff model developed to simulate both surface and subsurface runoff, where surface runoff is from either urban or rural surfaces and subsurface runoff is either interflow from steep shallow soils or groundwater from bedrock and coarse‐textured fan deposits. Our assertions and model results are supported using streamflow data from seven US Geological Survey stream gauges and measured stream silica concentrations from two Santa Barbara Channel–Long Term Ecological Research Project sampling sites. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

一种新的地图数据检索方法及其应用软件     

王桥 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1993,(4)

本文提出了一种新的实用地图数据检索方法——“放大镜”式地图数据检索,建立了相应的软件系统,并讨论了该方法的数学基础、软件的特点,还给出了应用实例。  相似文献   

点、线符号相关处理的代数方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡鹏  游涟  陈成永 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1993,(Z1)

本文阐述了采用地图代数的理论自动地处理各类地学信息系统编绘地图中点、线符号相关问题的技术方法——交会运算。  相似文献   

我国资源与环境信息系统发展管见     

黄绚 《遥感学报》1991,(3)

我国的资源与环境信息系统(ERIS)技术,起步较晚,发展迅速,已跻身国际先进行列。在基础研究、应用实验以及同遥感技术的结合方面,进行了成功的探索和开拓,并具有中国特色。通过“七五”科技攻关,在信息与信息系统的规范化、标准化方面,建立不同层次和应用目标的区域信息系统的技术、方法,研制和开发地理信息系统软件、应用分析模型,以及在理论总结方面,取得了丰硕的成果和技术进步,成为一个独立发展的新的前沿领域。90年代,它同航天遥感技术密切结合,共同发展,迎接国民经济和社会发展中重大资源环境急务和全球变化的挑战。在资源与环境动态监测与趋势预报,重大自然灾害监测与预警以及灾情评估与减灾对策,城市、经济开发区的规划、开发与管理,全球环境变化等方面,发挥科学技术的先导作用。同时,继续加强新技术跟踪和空间信息科学的理论研究,在国家规范、标准的制定,业务系统的建立与实用化,信息共享与网络化,模型、专家系统及软件的开发与商品化,同遥感信息工程的结合使其一体化等方面,仍需深入探索,继续攻坚,以期形成完整的理论和技术体系。  相似文献   

多因素模糊综合评价预测油气田远景区的研究          下载免费PDF全文

戴联其  王家映 《地球科学》1995,20(5):589-593

在ＧＩＳ支持下，本文设计了“分层建模，逐层评价，综合预测”的新思路，新方法，研究和建立了物、化探数字异常模型、多因素直接加权模型，多因素模糊综合评价预测模型。这对全面揭示各种异常分布特征与隐伏油气田和地质构造的，对指导生产、辅决策、确定油气田远景提供了很有前景的手段。  相似文献   

遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测的GIS系统     

向速林 《地质灾害与环境保护》2005,16(3):287-289

遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测的GIS系统是以遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测为研究对象．介绍了基于GIS的地下水水质评价及预测系统的总体设计以及系统实现的功能。并以模糊综合评判模型为例，详细阐述了地下水水质评价与预测系统所实现的评价和预测功能。  相似文献   

安徽省空间运输联系初探——以货流为例     

郁玉兵  曹有挥  曹言红 《世界地理研究》2007,16(3):78-84

文章通过对安徽省20世纪90年代以来各城市货运量变动情况的分析，运用地域非均衡系数、位势商及地理联系率指标，总结得出近十五年来安徽省货流运输联系的基本特征及其时空演化趋势。自1990年以来，安徽省货流运输能力显著增强、运输结构不断优化、货运强度和货物生成密度持续下降，地区间运输联系逐步加强。在时间序列上，货运量分布表现出均衡化趋势，地域分布非均衡系数不断减小，同时，货运量分布区域位势高低悬殊，而且各城市的波动比较明显。在空间演化方面，货运量分布与生产地分离的趋势已经显现。  相似文献