ANALYSIS OF EVOLUTION OF THE RIYUESHAN FAULT SINCE LATE PLEISTOCENE USING STRUCTURAL GEOMORPHOLOGY          下载免费PDF全文

LI Zhi-min  LI Wen-qiao  YIN Xiang  HUANG Shuai-tang  ZHANG Jun-long 《地震地质》2019,41(5):1077-1090

The northeastern margin of Tibetan plateau is an active block controlled by the eastern Kunlun fault zone, the Qilian Shan-Haiyuan fault zone, and the Altyn Tagh fault zone. It is the frontier and the sensitive area of neotectonic activity since the Cenozoic. There are widespread folds, thrust faults and stike-slip faults in the northeastern Tibetan plateau produced by the intensive tectonic deformation, indicating that this area is suffering the crustal shortening, left-lateral shear and vertical uplift. The Riyueshan Fault is one of the major faults in the dextral strike-slip faults systems, which lies between the two major large-scale left-lateral strike-slip faults, the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault and the eastern Kunlun Fault. In the process of growing and expanding of the entire Tibetan plateau, the dextral strike-slip faults play an important role in regulating the deformation and transformation between the secondary blocks. In the early Quaternary, because of the northeastward expansion of the northeastern Tibetan plateau, tectonic deformations such as NE-direction extrusion shortening, clockwise rotation, and SEE-direction extrusion occurred in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau, which lead to the left-lateral slip movement of the NWW-trending major regional boundary faults. As the result, the NNW-trending faults which lie between these NWW direction faults are developed. The main geomorphic units developed within the research area are controlled by the Riyueshan Fault, formed due to the northeastward motion of the Tibet block. These geomorphic units could be classified as:Qinghai Lake Basin, Haiyan Basin, Datonghe Basin, Dezhou Basin, and the mountains developed between the basins such as the Datongshan and the Riyueshan. Paleo basins, alluvial fans, multiple levels of terraces are developed at mountain fronts. The climate variation caused the formation of the geomorphic units during the expansion period of the lakes within the northeastern Tibetan plateau. There are two levels of alluvial fans and three levels of fluvial terrace developed in the study area, the sediments of the alluvial fans and fluvial terraces formed by different sources are developed in the same period. The Riyueshan Fault connects with the NNW-trending left-lateral strike-slip north marginal Tuoleshan fault in the north, and obliquely connects with the Lajishan thrust fault in the south. The fault extends for about 180km from north to south, passing through Datonghe, Reshui coal mine, Chaka River, Tuole, Ketu and Xicha, and connecting with the Lajishan thrusts near the Kesuer Basin. The Riyueshan Fault consists of five discontinuous right-step en-echelon sub-fault segments, with a spacing of 2~3km, and pull-apart basins are formed in the stepovers. The Riyueshan Fault is a secondary fault located in the Qaidam-Qilian active block which is controlled by the major boundary faults, such as the East Kunlun Fault and the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault. Its activity characteristics provide information of the outward expansion of the northeastern margin of Tibet. Tectonic landforms are developed along the Riyueshan Fault. Focusing on the distinct geomorphic deformation since late Pleistocene, the paper obtains the vertical displacement along the fault strike by RTK measurement method. Based on the fault growth-linkage theory, the evolution of the Riyueshan Fault and the related kinetic background are discussed. The following three conclusions are obtained:1)According to the characteristics of development of the three-stage 200km-long steep fault scarp developed in the landforms of the late Pleistocene alluvial fans and terraces, the Riyueshan Fault is divided into five segments, with the most important segment located in the third stepover(CD-3); 2)The three-stage displacement distribution pattern of the Riyueshan Fault reveals that the fault was formed by the growths and connections of multiple secondary faults and is in the second stage of fault growth and connection. With CD-3 as the boundary, the faults on the NW side continue to grow and connect; the fault activity time on the SE side is shorter, and the activity intensity is weaker; 3)The extreme value of the fault displacement distribution curve indicates the location of strain concentration and stress accumulation. With the stepover CD-3 as the boundary, the stress and strain on NW side are mainly concentrated in the middle and fault stepovers. The long-term accumulation range of stress on the SE side is relatively dispersed. The stress state may be related to the counterclockwise rotation inside the block under the compression of regional tectonic stress.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地塔中Ⅰ号构造带分段变形的运动学特征与成因探讨     

张仲培  王璐瑶  邓尚  魏华动  张继标 《地质论评》2020,66(4):881-892

塔里木盆地塔中Ⅰ号构造带在构造样式、活动强度等方面表现出明显的分段性,但分段变形的运动学特征与成因仍不够明确,需要开展进一步研究。本文利用二维、三维地震资料,通过精细构造解析、运动学参数统计、活动期次厘定等手段,研究了塔中Ⅰ号构造带的几何学、运动学特征,分析其分段变形机制,并讨论了分段控制因素。研究表明:以中古15井与中古21井位置为界,塔中Ⅰ号构造带构造样式、运动学特征主要呈三段的特点,西段主要活动机制是断裂短距离滑动逆冲和地层旋转变形,同一层位的落差/垂直断距(H/h)值最大;中段为断裂沿走向滑动,H/h值约为1;东段为断裂长距离滑动逆冲和强烈褶皱,H/h值介于二者之间。活动机制的差异导致各段构造样式分别为基底卷入逆冲断裂控制的断层传播褶皱、走滑断裂发育的断控坡折、逆冲断裂强烈活动控制的断块褶皱,且活动强度呈现东段最大、西段次之、中段较小的特点。两大造山带分期活动是塔中Ⅰ号构造带分段变形的发育背景,基底结构与先存断裂是造成分段的主控因素,NE向走滑断裂调节塔中Ⅰ号构造带差异逆冲变形,并作为伴生断裂发育。  相似文献   

基于栅格化思想的矢量电子地图几何变化检测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李宇光  李连营  李清泉  周祖浩 《地理空间信息》2010,8(1):142-146

在检测不同版本矢量电子地图的变化时,通常采用要素遍历、坐标比较的方法,这种方法计算速度慢、效率较低。针对这一不足,提出一种基于栅格化思想的矢量电子地图几何变化统计比较检测方法(SCAG),即利用矢量电子地图进行栅格化处理时构造的统计数据对点、线、面等形状地物的几何变化进行变化统计分析和要素快速检测,其计算量比遍历的方法显著减少,效率提高。最后通过实验验证了SCAG检测方法的可行性、合理性和高效性。  相似文献   

建筑塔机吊装作业GNSS精准定点放样   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周命端  罗德安  丁克良  周乐皆  王坚 《测绘通报》2019,(11):60-63

GNSS是塔机精准管控重要传感器之一,基于伪距的米级定位因精度低不适应智能化塔机发展要求,为提高塔机GNSS位置定位精度,本文利用一种基于GNSS载波相位观测值的精密定位方法,提出一种GNSS精准定点放样方法,应用于建筑塔机智能指挥中。设计并开发了一套基于GNSS的塔机吊装作业定点放样辅助系统（GNSS_PLS）。初步试验结果表明：GNSS_PLS系统的智能指挥精度在厘米级水平,本文算法是行之有效的。  相似文献   

兼顾几何连通性与名称一致性的城市道路实体构建     

李元復  孙群  季晓林  周炤  吕铮 《测绘通报》2019,(4):115-118

提出了一种兼顾几何连通性与名称一致性的实体化构建方法。首先,对城市道路的实体化原则进行描述;其次,提出基于反比例函数的归一化的几何连通度度量方法,以及基于语义切分的名称匹配度度量方法;最后,通过路口提取、综合匹配度计算、路段匹配、路段连接及借道处理等步骤,实现完整的城市道路实体化构建流程。以郑州市主城区为试验区域进行具体构建试验,验证了本方法的准确性。试验结果表明,利用本文提出的算法进行实体化匹配的总体准确率为99.89%。  相似文献   

建筑点云几何模型重建方法研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜建丽  陈动  张振鑫  张立强 《遥感学报》2019,23(3):374-391

从大规模机载点云中重建几何精确、拓扑正确、语义丰富且屋顶遵循LoD3规范的建筑几何模型是当前机载点云建筑建模的难点和重点。为此,根据建筑几何建模思想,将国内外相关建筑点云建模方法分为5类建模体系,并对每一类体系中的代表文献进行了深入的综述和剖析。在此基础之上,提出当前机载点云建模算法存在的一些共性问题,并给出可能的解决方案及几何建模发展的趋势和后续潜在的研究方向,为完善机载点云建筑重建理论,发展更智能的建模算法,构建更高质量的建筑模型库,提供一定程度的参考和借鉴。  相似文献   

顾及几何特征相似性的多源等高线匹配方法     

郭文月  刘海砚  孙群  余岸竹  丁梓越 《测绘学报》2019,48(5):643-653

已有的多源等高线匹配方法主要基于等高线拓扑关系构建以及基于空间欧氏距离的相似性度量,缺少对等高线几何形态相似性的考虑,在等高线密集区域、图幅边界区域以及地形变化剧烈区域易产生误匹配情况。为此,本文提出一种基于几何特征相似性的由粗匹配到精匹配的多源等高线匹配策略。提出顾及局部特性的基于节点曲率以及法向量与横坐标轴夹角的混合特征描述测度,将等高线点序列转化为几何形态特征描述序列,引入最长公共子序列算法,量化计算多源等高线数据之间的相似程度,并依据相似度实现同名等高线匹配。利用模拟数据和真实数据对本文方法的可靠性和运行效率进行验证,试验证明,本文提出的匹配策略顾及了等高线空间位置特征和几何形态特征,能够保证较高的匹配精度和运行效率,并具有较好的适用范围。  相似文献   

利用参数独立分解的星载SAR干涉测量检校方法     

范军  李涛  左小清  陈乾福  张祥  禄競 《测绘学报》2019,48(6):737-746

在星载干涉合成孔径雷达中,干涉参数的准确性对高程精度起着至关重要的作用。传统干涉测量检校方法往往将影响量级不同的干涉参数组合在一起解算,无法精确获得每项干涉参数的修正量。针对此问题,本文提出一种利用参数独立分解的干涉测量检校方法。首先,根据三维重建模型,确定与干涉SAR测高有关的参数;随后,在确保几何参数精度的前提下,对干涉参数的敏感度进行定量分析;最后,采用独立检校算法解算每一项干涉参数误差,完成干涉测量检校模型的建立。本文选择陕西渭南区域4对TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X数据进行了试验分析。结果表明,对于该试验数据,采用本文提出的参数独立分解方法,干涉测量检校后干涉结果的高程精度优于2.54 m,平原地区获取DEM的绝对高程精度优于1.21 m,山地地区获取DEM的绝对高程精度优于3.11 m,验证了本文方法的有效性和正确性,为我国平原及山区1∶25 000比例尺的干涉SAR地形图测绘提供了技术基础。  相似文献   

中国陆地高精度地貌类型的划分     

赵荣  程维明  刘纪平  董春  于荣花  殷红梅 《测绘科学》2019,44(6):248-255

针对已有的地貌单元无论在精度上,还是在覆盖的全面性上,均难以满足地理国情监测需求的问题,该文在数字地貌类型遥感综合解析方法的基础上,提出了利用高精度DEM、高分辨影像,以1∶100万地貌类型数据界线为基础进行地貌类型界线精确定位的技术方法和流程,设计了基于地貌类型的统计分析内容指标与方法,首次形成了定位精度达到1∶25万比例尺制图精度的全国地貌类型数据集,为查清并发布我国地形地貌家底提供了数据和技术支撑,可为更高精度地貌类型的划分提供技术借鉴。  相似文献   

A morphological evaluation of Chrysaora chinensis of Peninsular Malaysia and distinguishing its populations using geometric morphometrics     

Low Liang Boon  Syazwan Wan Moh  Rizman-Idid Mohammed 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(10):67-74

The morphology of seven specimens of Chrysaora chinensis (Scyphomedusae, Semaestomae) obtained from four sites off the coast of Peninsular Malaysia was examined. Morphological characteristics of C. chinensis that encompasses structures such as the bell, tentacles, oral arms, stomach, manubrium, radial canals and gonads were described in detail. A total of 107 specimens that represented C. chinensis populations of four coastal areas of Peninsular Malaysia (East-Central, East-North, West-Central, and West-North) were also analysed for shape variation using geometric morphometric analysis. Procrustes superimposition, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) were applied to the images of gastrovascular pouches of C. chinensis to extract the shape information. Independent contrasts were used for comparisons between shapes. There were no significant differences in shape variation between all the specimens based on the PCA results. However, CVA results showed shape variations between specimens taken from the four areas of Peninsular Malaysia, especially with higher magnitudes of Mahalanobis distances between the east and west coast areas, including between East-Central and East-North, but lower magnitudes were detected between the West-Central and West-North.  相似文献