Long‐term seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridges under steel reinforcement corrosion due to chloride attack     

Yu‐Chen Ou  Hong‐Da Fan  Nguyen Dang Nguyen 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(14):2113-2127

This work presents a new seismic evaluation methodology for corroded reinforced concrete bridges on the basis of nonlinear static pushover analysis. Corrosion of steel reinforcement by chloride attack is considered. At the material level, the effects of corrosion are considered by modeling the degradation of the mechanical properties of steel reinforcement, softening of cover concrete under compression, degradation of core concrete due to confinement steel corrosion, and reduction of bond strength between concrete and steel reinforcement. At the structural level, the effects of corrosion on both flexural behavior and shear behavior, and their interaction are considered. Eleven bridges of various structural types in Taiwan that are located within 6.5 km of their nearest coastline are analyzed to identify their long‐term seismic performance. Relationships between the yield and collapse peak ground accelerations (PGAs), and service time and corrosion level are established for each bridge. Analysis results show that chloride corrosion starts in 2–32 years. The transverse steel reinforcement typically starts corroding before the longitudinal steel reinforcement, as the former has a thicker cover. Research results show that collapse PGA reduces by 0.94% or 1.23% per 10 years when the mean value plus 1 or 2 standard deviation of the collapse PGA values are considered, respectively. Therefore, we suggest increasing the design PGA from 4.70% to 6.15% for a bridge adjacent to a coastline to ensure adequate long‐term seismic performance for 50 years, the typical design life span of a regular bridge. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

小高层结构屋顶保温层TMD减震分析          下载免费PDF全文

周茗如  王腾  文煜馨  魏域虎 《地震工程学报》2013,35(4):866-871

提出了利用小高层结构屋顶保温层和铅芯橡胶支座作为TMD装置来达到减震的设想。通过SAP2000有限元软件利用动力时程分析方法对其减震效果进行了分析。结果表明,该屋顶保温层TMD装置可有效降低结构的动力响应,其中控制后结构的楼层位移和楼层加速度的平均值降低了约20%,层间位移平均值降低了30%左右,层间剪力平均值减小了约20%~30%。利用小高层结构屋顶保温层和橡胶支座作为结构的减震控制系统具有一定的可行性和实用性。  相似文献   

桩基变刚度调平的优化设计及在实际工程中的应用     

乐园  于玮  王冬 《岩土工程技术》2012,(5):242-246,258

通过对新旧两版桩基规范的对比,概述了变刚度调平设计的原理和思路,将传统的均匀布桩形式,改进为考虑地基、基础与上部结构的共同作用,对桩土支撑刚度分布实施调整,“抑强补弱”,促使沉降趋向均匀。并将该优化思想在实际工程一高层建筑桩基设计中进行应用,减少差异沉降和筏板内力,优化桩基方案,节约成本,获得了经济效益。  相似文献   

高层钢框架-混凝土核心筒混合结构振动台试验研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

周颖  于健  吕西林  卢文胜 《地震工程与工程振动》2012,32(2):98-105

为了研究高层钢框架-混凝土核心筒混合结构的整体抗震性能,本文设计了一个典型的比例为1/15的20层钢框架-混凝土核心筒混合结构的缩尺模型,在同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室实施了模拟地震振动台试验。本文重点介绍试验中模型结构在各级水准地震作用下的动力特性、加速度和位移反应,描述了模型结构的破坏位置及过程,并根据相似理论得到了原型结构的地震反应。试验研究表明:原型结构基本能够满足我国现行规范"小震不坏、大震不倒"的抗震设防标准;核心筒发挥了主要抗侧力作用;结构在大震作用下有较好的延性;钢框架与核心筒的连接节点在结构设计时应给予重视。  相似文献   

昆明高(超高)层建筑环境振动特性实测与统计分析     

非明伦  周光全  卢永坤  杨树明  代博洋 《地震研究》2012,(1):117-127

对昆明16栋典型钢筋混凝土高层建筑物的振动特征(包括建筑物的固有频率、振型和阻尼比)进行观测与分析,对地震响应数值模拟研究,获取实测高层建筑物第一至第三振型及结构,计算第一至第二振型自振周期结果,采用数学线性回归方法,模拟得到昆明高(超高)层建筑结构实测第一至三振型和计算第一至第二振型周期公式,为类似建筑结构的设计提供经验和依据。  相似文献   

多塔高层结构隔震设计与分析     

赵楠  马凯  李婷  陈彬磊 《世界地震工程》2012,28(2):115-120

结合某多塔高层隔震结构,采用弹性时程分析方法,分析了隔震结构在多遇地震和罕遇地震作用下的响应。主要包括自振周期、层间剪力、倾覆力矩和楼层位移等内容。结果表明,与非隔震情形相比,结构的自振周期明显增大,地震作用得到了较大的衰减。结构在地震作用下的隔震效果明显,楼层剪力及倾覆力矩均得到折减,在罕遇地震作用下隔震效果尤为显著。层间位移主要集中在隔震层,上部结构的层间位移几乎为零。  相似文献   

Fractional order intensity measures for probabilistic seismic demand modeling applied to highway bridges     

Abdollah Shafieezadeh  Karthik Ramanathan  Jamie E. Padgett  Reginald DesRoches 《地震工程与结构动力学》2012,41(3):391-409

Probabilistic seismic analysis of structures involves the construction of seismic demand models, often stated as probabilistic models of structural response conditioned on a seismic intensity measure. The uncertainty introduced by the model is often a result of the chosen intensity measure. This paper introduces the concept of using fractional order intensity measures (IMs) in probabilistic seismic demand analysis and uses a single frame integral concrete box‐girder bridge class and a seismically designed multispan continuous steel girder bridge class as case studies. The fractional order IMs considered include peak ground response and spectral accelerations at 0.2 and 1.0 s considering a single degree of freedom system with fractional damping, , as well as a linear single degree of freedom system with fractional response, . The study reveals the advantage of fractional order IMs relative to conventional IMs such as peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, or spectral acceleration at 0.2 and 1.0 s. Metrics such as efficiency, sufficiency, practicality, and proficiency are measured to assess the optimal nature of fractional order IMs. The results indicate that the proposed fractional order IMs produce significant improvements in efficiency and proficiency, whereas maintaining practicality and sufficiency, and thus providing superior demand models that can be used in probabilistic seismic demand analysis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

长短桩高强复合地基在高层建筑中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

林本海  方辉 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z2):302-307

长短桩高强复合地基能充分调动桩间土体参与工作,并在竖向方向上的刚度梯度变化与附加荷载的应力扩散变化趋势相同。以考虑不同桩体长度、桩体刚度和考虑周围多层土体分布的长短桩相互作用计算模型为依据,对某高层建筑进行长短桩高强复合地基的分析设计计算,通过与实测数据对比,表明长短桩高强复合地基应用于高层建筑可以满足承载力和沉降的要求。长短桩高强复合地基因其高承载力、经济性优越和施工灵活并工期短的特点,将会成为高层建筑桩基础的巨大挑战。  相似文献   

Enhancing resilience of highway bridges through seismic retrofit          下载免费PDF全文

Ashok Venkittaraman  Swagata Banerjee 《地震工程与结构动力学》2014,43(8):1173-1191

The present study evaluates seismic resilience of highway bridges that are important components of highway transportation systems. To mitigate losses incurred from bridge damage during seismic events, bridge retrofit strategies are selected such that the retrofit not only enhances bridge seismic performance but also improves resilience of the system consisting of these bridges. To obtain results specific to a bridge, a reinforced concrete bridge in the Los Angeles region is analyzed. This bridge was severely damaged during the Northridge earthquake because of shear failure of one bridge pier. Seismic vulnerability model of the bridge is developed through finite element analysis under a suite of time histories that represent regional seismic hazard. Obtained bridge vulnerability model is combined with appropriate loss and recovery models to calculate seismic resilience of the bridge. Impact of retrofit on seismic resilience is observed by applying suitable retrofit strategy to the bridge assuming its undamaged condition prior to the Northridge event. Difference in resilience observed before and after bridge retrofit signified the effectiveness of seismic retrofit. The applied retrofit technique is also found to be cost‐effective through a cost‐benefit analysis. First order second moment reliability analysis is performed, and a tornado diagram is developed to identify major uncertain input parameters to which seismic resilience is most sensitive. Statistical analysis of resilience obtained through random sampling of major uncertain input parameters revealed that the uncertain nature of seismic resilience can be characterized with a normal distribution, the standard deviation of which represents the uncertainty in seismic resilience. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

超高层建筑风致振动的现场实测与数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐枫  陈文礼  肖仪清  段忠东  欧进萍 《地震学刊》2014,(1):51-57

通过采用现场实测和数值模拟方法,对某超高层建筑的风致振动特性进行研究。在建筑物顶部布置结构振动监测系统,对常态风和台风作用下的结构振动响应进行测量,分析加速度、位移幅值和结构的自振特性。以实测动力特性为基础,建立超高层建筑的等效气动弹性模型,采用平均风剖面入口,联合ANSYS和CFX对风场与建筑物的流固耦合振动进行数值模拟,得到不同顶部风速下,建筑物不同高度处的位移时程、气动力系数时程及频谱分析、尾流旋涡脱落模式。将数值模拟结果与现有的实测结果进行对比分析,表明该方法模拟流固耦合振动是可行的,并可为实际超高层建筑的抗风设计和舒适性计算提供技术依据。  相似文献