基于弹性波阻抗的拉梅参数反演与应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王保丽  印兴耀 《应用地球物理》2006,3(3)

(Connolly的弹性阻抗(EI)公式是纵、横波速度、密度和入射角的函数,应用该公式的常规反演方法只能直接得到纵、横波速度和密度的信息,而且不同角度的弹性阻抗在数值上差别很大,不在同一尺度上,无法进行对比。本文针对常规反演方法的缺点,提出了基于Gray的Zoeppritz近似方程的新的弹性阻抗公式,并对这个公式进行了标准化以实现不同角度的弹性阻抗在数值上的统一,最后用标准化后的公式进行了反演,利用拉梅参数与弹性阻抗问的线性关系可从反演得到的弹性阻抗数据体中直接提取得到拉梅参数。应用实例表明用这种方法提取得到的弹性参数更加稳定、准确,而且能很好地反映储层信息。这种新的方法是对以Connolly公式为基础的传统方法的改进。  相似文献   

Lamé parameters inversion based on elastic impedance and its application   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wang Baoli  Yin Xingyao  Zhang Fanchang 《应用地球物理》2006,3(3):174-178

The Connolly (1999) elastic impedance (EI) equation is a function of P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity, density, and incidence angle. Conventional inversion methods based on this equation can only extract P-velocity, S-velocity, and density data directly and the elastic impedance at different incidence angles are not at the same scale, which makes comparison difficult. We propose a new elastic impedance equation based on the Gray et al. (1999) Zoeppritz approximation using Lamé parameters to address the conventional inversion method’s deficiencies. This equation has been normalized to unify the elastic impedance dimensions at different angles and used for inversion. Lamé parameters can be extracted directly from the elastic impedance data obtained from inversion using the linear relation between Lamé parameters and elastic impedance. The application example shows that the elastic parameters extracted using this new method are more stable and correct and can recover the reservoir information very well. The new method is an improvement on the conventional method based on Connolly’s equation. Wang Baoli graduated with a Bachelor’s degree in Prospecting Information and Engineering from the China University of Petroleum (East China) in 2004 and earned her Master’s degree from the department of Geophysical Prospecting and Information Technology in the China University of Petroleum ((East China) in 2006. She now studies for her PhD at the China University of Petroleum (East China). Her research interest is elastic impedance inversion.  相似文献   

重磁位场的正则化向下延拓   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

王邦华  王理 《物探化探计算技术》1998,20(1):30-35

传统的位场向下延拓方法,在下延至场源体顶面深度附近区域,位场将发生强烈的振荡效应,无法继续向下延拓,难以用空间位场特征确定场源体的深度等特征,当然更无法划分出垂向迭加体。本文讨论了一种新的正则化方法：利用引入位场频率,埋深与正则化因子等有关的校正函数。使得向下延拓过场源体时,场值不奇异。因此,可以达到场源体以下任意需要的深度。理论场和实测资料的正则化向下延拓成果表明,本方法能有效地反映出场源体的深度等特征,也能较准确地划分出具有垂向与水平迭加的单个场源体。  相似文献   

和龙市泥石流灾害危险性分区评价     

宋雪妲  邱建慧  李广杰  郎秋玲  王志胜 《世界地质》2004,23(3):289-294

泥石流是和龙市最主要的地质灾害。研究泥石流灾害危险性分区旨在为减轻和龙市地质灾害规划提供科学依据。本文运用灰色关联分析的方法，获取了评价和龙市泥石流灾害的定量指标，并计算了各指标的权重。在此基础上得出各区域的泥石流危险度，据此对各区域进行了危险性分区。泥石流高危险区位于和龙市东北部。这些区域地质灾害频繁发生主要是由植被覆盖率低、地质环境质量较差、人类工程活动不当等因素所致。  相似文献   

神经网络BP算法中的误差及其改进方法研究     

李黎黎  张志伟 《测绘科学》2008,(Z1)

人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Networks)是模仿人脑结构和功能的一种信息处理系统。该方法在处理非线性问题上具有其独特的优越性,在工程应用中越来越被人们所关注。与此同时,神经网络计算的精度和收敛速度也成为人们普遍关心的问题。本文试验发现BP算法在归一化过程中存在最值误差和区间变形误差,在此基础上,本文对常规BP网络进行了改进,提高了BP网络的预测精度。  相似文献   

一种新的遥感影像变化检测相对辐射校正方法     

韩改新 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(3)

分析了相对辐射校正在变化检测中的重要性,以基于植被指数的变化检测为例,比较常用相对辐射校正方法及其对变化检测的影响,并且提出一种基于相关系数稳健的相对辐射校正的新方法。通过试验发现相对辐射校正能够减小多时相遥感图像间由于大气、照度和传感器标度等存在差异而造成的影响,提高了基于植被指数变化检测的精度。自动稳健的相对辐射校正方法能够减少辐射误差,提高植被变化检测的精度,与传统的方法相比具有结果稳定、不容易受到误差干扰的特点。  相似文献   

不同方法在栾川北部化探数据处理中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵荣军 《地质与勘探》2006,42(3):67-71

不同的地质单元具有不同的地球化学背景,在分布有多个地质单元的地区开展化探工作时,如果不考虑地质单元的地球化学背景差异,而在全区采用统一的异常下限,势必会掩盖低背景区异常或造成全区大面积异常分布.针对这一问题,有多种相应的数据处理方法.在栾川北部地区1:5万水系沉积物测量数据处理中,分别采用了子区中位数衬值滤波法、衬度异常法、归一化法,对比认为:子区中位数衬值滤波法具有较好地削弱不同地质单元背景差异、识别弱小异常的作用,不足之处是计算和成图繁琐;衬度异常法和归一化法的计算模型近于一致,对弱小异常也有一定的识别作用.  相似文献   

Relative Radiometric Normalisation - performance testing of selected techniques and impact analysis on vegetation and water bodies     

Abhisek Santra  Shreyashi Santra Mitra  Debashis Mitra  Ashis Sarkar 《国际地球制图》2019,34(1):98-113

In this paper, six image-based Relative Radiometric Normalization (RRN) techniques were applied to normalize the bi-temporal Landsat 5 TM data-set. RRN techniques do not require any atmospheric and ground information at the time of image acquisition. The target image for the year 2009 was normalized in such a way that it resembled the atmospheric and sensor conditions similar to those under which the reference image of the same season for the year 1990 was acquired. Among the selected methods applied, it was found that the Iteratively Reweighted Multivariate Alteration Detection (IR-MAD) method performed better, based on the error statistic. The IR-MAD technique was found to be advantageous as it identified a large set of true time-invariant pixels automatically from the change background using iterative canonical component analysis. The technique also stretches the values of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Normalized Difference Water Index and may help to distinguish different vegetation and water bodies better.  相似文献   

Normalizing shadows in multi-temporal aerial frame imagery using relative radiometric adjustments to support near-real-time change detection     

Emanuel Arnal Storey  Douglas Alan Stow  Matthew James Plummer 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(1):22-42

This study addresses the problem of shadows in multi-temporal imagery, which is a key issue with change detection approaches based on image comparison. We apply image-to-image radiometric normalizations including histogram matching (HM), mean-variance (MV) equalization, linear regression based on pseudo-invariant features (PIF-LR), and radiometric control sets (RCS) representing high- and low-reflectance extrema, for the novel purpose of normalizing brightness of transient shadows in high spatial resolution, bi-temporal, aerial frame image sets. Efficient shadow normalization is integral to remote sensing procedures that support disaster response efforts in a near-real-time fashion, including repeat station image (RSI) capture, wireless data transfer, shadow detection (as precursor to shadow normalization), and change detection based on image differencing and visual interpretation. We apply the normalization techniques to imagery of suburban scenes containing shadowed materials of varied spectral reflectance characteristics, whereby intensity (average of red, green, and blue spectral band values) under fully illuminated conditions is known from counterpart reference images (time-1 versus time-2). We evaluate the normalization results using stratified random pixel samples within transient shadows, considering central tendency and variance of differences in intensity relative to the unnormalized images. Overall, MV equalization yielded superior results in our tests, reducing the radiometric effects of shadowing by more than 85 percent. The HM and PIF-LR approaches showed slightly lower performance than MV, while the RCS approach proved unreliable among scenes and among stratified intensity levels. We qualitatively evaluate a shadow normalization based on MV equalization, describing its utility and limitations when applied in change detection. Application of image-to-image radiometric normalization for brightening shadowed areas in multi-temporal imagery in this study proved efficient and effective to support change detection.  相似文献   

基于信息量模型和数据标准化的滑坡易发性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨根云  周伟  方教勇 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(5):674-683

本文以北川曲山-擂鼓片区为研究区,将坡度、坡向、高程、地层、距断层的距离、距水系的距离和距道路的距离作为该区域滑坡易发性评价因子。采用信息量模型计算了各项评价因子的信息量值,并运用4种标准化模型对信息量值进行标准化处理。各评价因子的权重由层次分析法（AHP）确定。在GIS中将权重值和各评价因子的标准化信息量值,进行叠加计算得到区域滑坡总信息量值,并基于自然断点法对其进行重分类,将研究区划分为极高易发区、高易发区、中易发区、低易发区和极低易发区5级易发区。将基于4种标准化模型和信息量模型得到的滑坡易发性评价结果进行了对比分析,结果表明：基于最值标准化信息量模型的滑坡易发性评价结果的ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.807,高于其余模型的AUC值,说明最值标准化信息量模型的滑坡易发性评价效果最好。极高易发区面积占研究区面积的20.03%,离断层和水系较近,主要分布地层为寒武系、志留系和三迭系。研究结果可为区内滑坡风险评价和灾害防治提供参考。  相似文献