一种新的窗户特征提取方法研究     

贾凯华  李和志  吴泽敏 《测绘工程》2016,25(10):64-68

在建筑物立面重建中,窗户提取、结构识别是学者们研究的热点。针对建筑物特征提取的应用需求,文中提出一种基于局部搜索算法——爬山法的窗户信息提取方法,介绍研究中采用的一些原理、方法,从而可以准确有效地从激光扫描数据中提取出建筑物的窗户信息。利用本方案对地面激光扫描系统获取的建筑物实验数据进行具体的处理,并给出可视化表达结果。  相似文献   

支持向量机的车载雷达点云目标识别     

李海亭  王厚之  李艳红  汪汇兵 《测绘科学》2016,41(5):45-49

为了进一步研究移动测量系统的数据处理问题,该文根据点云的基本特征,归纳了由7个特征构成的点云原始特征向量,在此基础上,结合语义环境构建了由17个特征构成的点云扩展特征向量,并采用支持向量机模型对车载LiDAR点云进行行道树点云识别的一系列实验。实验中采用粒子群优化算法和遗传算法对支持向量机进行参数寻优;采用不同特征向量和不同数目样本对点云进行学习和目标识别;分析了特征向量的学习曲线和识别精度。实验结果表明,支持向量机模型能够在行道树点云识别中取得较高的精度。  相似文献   

融合机载雷达和航空正射影像的道路提取     

曾妮红  岳迎春  黄迟 《测绘科学》2016,41(5):96-99,151

针对单一遥感数据源提取道路信息中存在的问题,该文提出一种融合多源数据的方法:采用面向对象思想,融合机载激光雷达和航空正射影像,运用对象平均强度指数进行道路精确提取。首先利用点云强度信息进行道路粗提取,再结合影像光谱信息对粗提取点云进行优化,得到"一次点云";然后通过分形网络演化算法对影像进行多尺度分割形成对象,将"一次点云"导入分割对象,利用对象平均强度辅之以对象面积完成道路精确提取。实验结果表明,该方法提取流程简单快速、无须精确配准、道路提取精度较高。  相似文献   

Delineation and assessment of Central Indian Suture through lineament extraction approach using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System     

Kuntal Ganguly  Tarik Mitran 《国际地球制图》2016,31(3):308-327

Lineament extraction approach allowed mapping of larger number of lineaments in a classical manner in tectonic and structural studies. In the present study, various techniques were adopted to extract lineaments using Landsat ETM+ images. To remove the biasness of the images, some pre-processing techniques like stream ordering, band differencing, colour texturing were employed to enhance the edges of the structural features. Extracted lineaments and its distribution and orientation were mapped using ArcGIS Spatial analyst tool. Results of the study showed maximum number of lineaments were oriented in the ENE–SWS direction with 63° overall inclination. Accuracy assessment and validation were made with respect to visual interpretation and overlaying the lineament on Digital Topographic Model as well as with respect to an existing geological lineament map of the study site. The result of accuracy assessment indicates higher compatibility of Central Indian Suture with the geological map of the study area.  相似文献   

改进霍夫变换的枢纽立交桥检测方法     

刘菁欣  白云  王俊 《测绘科学》2016,41(10):136-141

针对传统遥感系统对特定建筑物提取难的问题,该文提出了一种高空摄影系统下基于改进霍夫变换的城市枢纽立交桥检测方法。该方法首先对图像进行预处理和分割,对分割后图像进行形态学处理提取直线和曲线道路,弥补了单一提取直线道路的不足;然后对提取后的道路进行基于改进霍夫变换的近似圆形立交桥匝道的识别;最后依据圆形完整度门限判断可识别的圆形匝道个数,并根据识别数目来判定是否存在立交桥。经过实验比较分析,该方法对于国内外常规的立交桥系统识别效果都较好。  相似文献   

改进支持向量机的高分遥感影像道路提取   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱恩泽  宋伟东  戴激光 《测绘科学》2016,41(12):224-228

针对支持向量机受分类数的限制在高分辨率遥感影像中无法直接获取高精度道路网信息的问题,该文提出一种新的混合的基于支持向量机的方法:首先,利用模糊C均值聚类方法将输入的遥感影像分为3类,以减少支持向量机的错分现象;其次,运用支持向量机将不同类别的像素分为道路类和非道路类;最后,应用马尔科夫随机场对分类结果进行噪声去除,并采用形态学进行后处理,进而得到精确道路网信息。实验结果表明:该算法不仅能够从高分辨率遥感影像中提取出道路网,而且精度优于直接使用支持向量机算法以及对比算法。  相似文献   

Temporal replication of the national land cover database using active machine learning     

Galen J. Maclaurin 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(6):759-777

Regional and national level land cover datasets, such as the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) in the United States, have become an important resource in physical and social science research. Updates to the NLCD have been conducted every 5 years since 2001; however, the procedure for producing a new release is labor-intensive and time-consuming, taking 3 or 4 years to complete. Furthermore, in most countries very few, if any, such releases exist, and thus there is high demand for efficient production of land cover data at different points in time. In this paper, an active machine learning framework for temporal updating (or backcasting) of land cover data is proposed and tested for three study sites covered by the NLCD. The approach employs a maximum entropy classifier to extract information from one Landsat image using the NLCD, and then replicate the classification on a Landsat image for the same geographic extent from a different point in time to create land cover data of similar quality. Results show that this framework can effectively replicate the land cover database in the temporal domain with similar levels of overall and within class agreement when compared against high resolution reference land cover datasets. These results demonstrate that the land cover information encapsulated in the NLCD can effectively be extracted using solely Landsat imagery for replication purposes. The algorithm is fully automated and scalable for applications at landscape and regional scales for multiple points in time.  相似文献   

Contamination,bioaccessibility and human health risk of heavy metals in exposed-lawn soils from 28 urban parks in southern China's largest city,Guangzhou     

《Applied Geochemistry》2016

The total concentrations and oral bioaccessibility of heavy metals in surface-exposed lawn soils from 28 urban parks in Guangzhou were investigated, and the health risks posed to humans were evaluated. The descending order of total heavy metal concentrations was Fe > Mn > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd, but Cd showed the highest percentage bioaccessibility (75.96%). Principal component analysis showed that Grouped Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn, and grouped Cr and Mn could be controlled two different types of human sources. Whereas, Ni and Fe were controlled by both anthropogenic and natural sources. The carcinogenic risk probabilities for Pb and Cr to children and adults were under the acceptable level (<1 × 10⁻⁴). Hazard Quotient value for each metal and Hazard Index values for all metals studied indicated no significant risk of non-carcinogenic effects to children and adults in Guangzhou urban park soils.  相似文献   

云南富宁县水合口矿化蚀变信息提取和找矿预测     

刘峰  朱杰勇  白光顺  孙滨 《矿产与地质》2016,(3):450-454

云南富宁水合口金矿位于滇东南文山―富宁成矿带,属于著名的滇黔桂"金三角"地区。利用landsat 8OLI遥感影像对研究区进行1∶100 000矿化蚀变信息提取,结合区域地质和化探异常等多元信息进行找矿预测,表明矿化蚀变、断裂构造交汇处和地球化学异常空间叠加部位为有利找矿地区,圈定了5个找矿远景区,为研究区开展下一步找矿提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

低电压偶极地电提取装置在广西昭平古袍金矿区试验效果     

胡云沪  徐熙  张青伟  马慧宇 《矿产与地质》2016,(4):669-673

通过在广西昭平古袍金矿区已知矿体上方进行的低电压偶极地电提取装置地电提取试验研究,显示阴极提取和阳极提取在已知矿体上方都获取到了清晰的地电提取异常。在矿头位置,阳极提取量比阴极提取量要大,而在矿体隐伏端,阴极的异常特别明显。阳极与阴极提取量之间几乎没有相关性。将阴离子与阳离子累加能更加清晰地指示出矿体的位置。说明地电提取测量法在广西大瑶山古袍金矿区寻找隐伏金矿是可行的,并且用偶极地电提取装置寻找隐伏金矿效果会更好。  相似文献