基于面向对象的城市地物信息提取方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐涛  闫小平 《云南地理环境研究》2009,21(5):47-51

20世纪90年代以来,高空间分辨率遥感影像数据的处理已成为遥感领域中的热点与难点。利用具有人的思维特点的面向对象的信息提取技术,对高分辨率遥感影像中的城市用地进行分类,分析和利用高分辨率影像的空间信息、结构信息与光谱特征等,总结了面向对象解译方法的5个步骤,即影像分割、分类方法的选择、地物种类分类,知识库构建、计算机自动分类。分类结果表明：（1）克服了“椒盐现象”;（2）信息提取的总体精度为92.19％,而且各类地物信息的提取精度均有所提高,特别是利用前期分类的拓扑关系有效提取了城市水体与建筑物阴影。  相似文献   

由地震活动参数分析安徽省新生代构造变形带现今活动习性与地震危险性     

张恩立  陈德兴  李昊  夏成明  张波  陈锡晶 《华南地震》2009,29(2):54-61

应用多个地震活动参数来判定断裂带分段落活动习性的方法,分析安徽省新生代构造变形带不同分段落的现今活动习性及地震危险性。研究结果表明：安徽省新生代构造变形带中存在着9个具有不同现今活动习性的分段落,其中,霍邱-风台、铜陵-宁国、明光-肥东3个段落现今活动习性处于较高应力背景下的相对闭锁状态．应属于有一定应变积累的潜在中强震危险段落：其它6个段落．现今活动习性处于中等或偏低应力背景下,以频繁或稀疏小震滑动为特征．未来复发中强以上地震的可能性较小。  相似文献   

基于活动地块边界带的汶川强余震迁移分析     

薛丁  张建业  王立巍 《高原地震》2009,21(2):1-3

对汶川地震序列分析,发现该序列中ML≥5．0级的强余震活动空间上存在明显空段,强余震围绕该空段有反复迁移发生特征。基于上述现象,作者从地震地质和经纬方向余震迁移的角度上做了一些研究,较为定量地为震区预测发震地点提供了简单依据。  相似文献   

THE DISCUSSION FOR THE NEW ACTIVITY OF THE TIANQUAN SEGMENT OF LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE 1327 TIANQUAN EARTHQUAKE,SICHUAN          下载免费PDF全文

LIANG Ming-jian  CHEN Li-chun  RAN Yong-kang  WANG Hu  LI Dong-yu 《地震地质》2016,38(3):546-559

The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake occurred along the Longmen Shan fault zone, only five years later, another M7 Lushan earthquake struck the southern segment where its seismic risk has been highly focused by multiple geoscientists since this event. Through geological investigations and paleoseismic trenching, we suggest that the segment along the Shuangshi-Dachuan Fault at south of the seismogenic structure of the Lushan earthquake is active during Holocene. Along the fault, some discontinuous fault trough valleys developed and the fault dislocated the late Quaternary strata as the trench exposed. Based on analysis of historical records of earthquakes, we suggest that the epicenter of the 1327 Tianquan earthquake should be located near Tianquan and associated with the Shuangshi-Dachuan Fault. Furthermore, we compared the ranges of felt earthquakes(the 2013 M7 Lushan earthquake and the 1970 M_S6.2 Dayi earthquake)and suggest that the magnitude of the 1327 Tianquan earthquake is more possible between 6½ and 7. The southern segment of the Longmen Shan fault zone behaves as a thrust fault system consisting of several sub-paralleled faults and its deep structure shows multiple layers of decollement, which might disperse strain accumulation effectively and make the thrust system propagate forward into the foreland basin, creating a new decollement on a gypsum-salt bed. The soft bed is thick and does not facilitate to constrain fault deformation and accumulate strain, which produces a weak surface tectonic expression and seismic activity along the southern segment, this is quite different from that of the middle and northern segments of the Longmen Shan fault zone.  相似文献   

ACTIVITY FEATURES OF FAULTS AT THE EAST OF ZHANGSHAN ON THE MIDDLE SEGMENT OF TANLU FAULT ZONE          下载免费PDF全文

YANG Yuan-yuan  ZHENG Hai-gang  YAO Da-quan  SHU Peng  ZHAO Peng  SHENG Xiao-qi 《地震地质》2016,38(3):582-595

Given the scarcity of research on the activity of Xinyi-Sihong segment of the Tanlu Fault zone, this paper focuses on the Zhangshan segment where there are quite evident geomorphic features to complement the shortage of the research on the northern part of Xinyi-Sihong segment. This study enriches evidences for the late Quaternary activity and paleoseismological events on the Xinyi-Sihong segment. The Zhangshan segment is located at Xiaodian Town to Jintou Village of Suqian City, stretching towards NE for 7 kilometers with a dip angle of 60~80. Research of tectonic geomorphology shows that gullies in northern part of Zhangshan segment were evidently displaced, while in the southern, two NE-trending right-stepped fault scarps are developed, with an average height of 3 meters, which generally suggests that the fault was dominated by thrust and dextral motion. Two trenches were excavated in the southern part of Zhangshan segment, numbered Mayao trench 1 and Mayao trench 2. Both trenches reveal that:(1)within this segment, Tanlu Fault shows periodic fault activity, that is, normal faulting during Pliocene epoch while thrust faulting in Quaternary period; (2)an event occurred between 15.12ka BP to 11.82 BP; (3)the latest event possibly took place around 3 500 a BP. Based on integrated results of previous studies, we identify the dates of paleoseismic events on the Xinyi-Sihong segment as follows:more than 960 thousands years ago, early to middle period of late Pleistocene, (15.12~11.82)ka BP, (11.76±0.05)ka~(10.53±0.05)ka BP, (10.15±0.05)ka~(8.16±0.05)ka BP and 4 960~3 510a BP.  相似文献   

龙门山中央断裂南段盐井—五龙断裂的浅层地球物理方法探测          下载免费PDF全文

李大虎  廖华  梁明剑  王明明  王世元  杨歧焱  顾勤平 《地震工程学报》2016,38(1):26-35

在2008年5月12日汶川MS8.0地震和2013年4月20日芦山MS7.0地震中,龙门山中央断裂南段的盐井—五龙断裂均未发现地表破裂现象,加之该断裂浅层地球物理资料极度匮乏,在一定程度上限制了对龙门山断裂带南段地震危险性的评价和发震能力的评估。针对龙门山中央断裂南段的盐井-五龙断裂经过区段的主要乡(镇)所在地多为宽度不大于300m的山间峡谷地区,且探测场区存在交通条件不便、场地工作面狭窄等问题,在浅层地震反射波法探测工作中采用小道间距、小偏移距、多道短排列接收和共反射点多次覆盖观测的地震数据采集方式,并经数据处理后获得地震反射剖面图像。浅层地震探测定位结果结合高密度电阻率成像断面、探槽开挖和钻孔联合剖面资料,共同揭示了NE向的盐井—五龙断裂在宝兴县五龙乡东风村一带精确的空间展布位置、产状规模和近地表构造形态。探测结果表明盐井—五龙断裂于五龙乡北东风村西河两岸的T1阶地处隐伏通过,性质为倾向NW的逆冲断裂,近地表倾角50°~60°,上断点埋深19m。该断裂断错宝兴西河T2、T3阶地,西河右岸T1阶地断裂通过处两侧基岩的断距6~8 m,其破碎带及其影响带宽度约30m。本文浅层地球物理探测成果可对判定盐井—五龙断裂的近地表构造活动提供可靠的地震学证据,也为地震重灾区(宝兴县城)的灾后工程选址重建、地震危险性评价和制定抗震防灾规划提供了科学的基础资料。  相似文献   

2013年岷县漳县M_S6.6地震前后南北地震带北段面波速度变化特征     

严珊  杨立明  周龙泉  张辉  王芃 《地震工程学报》2016,38(3):423-430

基于南北地震带北段94个固定地震台站2013年1-9月的连续波形资料,利用背景噪声方法和层析成像技术反演该地区在2013年7月22日甘肃岷县漳县M_S6.6地震前后不同时间段、两个月相同时间窗长的瑞利面波速度结构与波速演化。相速度成像结果表明:岷县漳县地震前5-6月相对于3-4月,临潭-宕昌断裂带及周边地区出现了波速降低的现象,而震后8-9月相对于5-6月波速逐渐恢复升高,这说明在岷县漳县地震前两个月出现了波速低值异常,并且在低速异常区域的边界处发生了此次地震。  相似文献   

New Evidence of Late Quaternary Activity on the Xinyi-Wuhe Segment of the Tancheng-Lujiang Fault Zone     

Zheng Yingping  Yao Daquan  Zhang Yi  Zhang Weijing  Zhai Hongtao  Zhao Peng  Li Guang 《中国地震研究》2014,28(3)

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三角波卸载段作用下钙质砂岩毫秒量级变形速率预测模型研究     

刘杰  李建林  唐亮  胡静  范留军  夏俊 《岩土力学》2014,35(Z1):63-70

针对现阶段岩体循环加载下力学响应研究中的不足之处,以宜昌地区钙质中-细砂岩为研究对象和以RMT-150C岩土力学试验系统为试验平台,开展了毫秒(ms)量级三角波卸载段变形速率预测率模型研究。将卸载过程分为非滞后时间段和滞后时间段,给出各段判别依据,提出所需相关参数。定量指出滞后时间段带来的影响,给出滞后时间段的预测模型。在非滞后时间段提出表观弹性模量的概念,试验数据分析表明未出现加载破坏前,岩样表观弹性模量和即时垂向力始终保持线性关系。在该基础上建立三角波卸载段非滞后时间段的变形速率预测率模型模型,由于加载仪器不能精确输入三角波,将加载速率平均值修正和载荷速率中加入常数项修正后,该模型的预测变形速率和应力-应变曲线与实测值精确吻合,表明所建模型的合理性。  相似文献   

盾构隧道实测土压力分布规律及影响因素研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李雪  周顺华  王培鑫  李晓龙 《岩土力学》2014,35(Z2):453-459

以大量现场实测土压力为基础,分析了影响盾构隧道衬砌土压力的一些主要因素,总结出不同地层地铁盾构隧道长期稳定土压力的分布规律,并探讨了盾构施工期土压力随时空的变化情况。研究得出,地下水位高低对稳定土压力大小及分布影响较大;作用在管片上的长期土压力大小与地层衬砌刚度系数有关,当地层衬砌刚度系数为1.5时,管片竖向及水平土压力都较小;盾构施工期临时荷载对管片土压力影响不可忽视,无论是黏土地层还是砂土地层,大的注浆压力及注浆率将导致作用在管片上的稳定土压力分布不均;管片土压力可按时空分为4个阶段,拼装阶段、同步注浆阶段、浆液凝固阶段及后期稳定阶段,其中同步注浆阶段管片周边最大土压力为稳定阶段的2～3倍。  相似文献