The Precipitation Chemistry over Central Bohemia: Attempt to Estimate the Sources and Pathways     

Vach  M. J.  Navrátil  T.  Fottová  D.  špičková  J.  Skřivan  P. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2004,48(4):791-809

An attempt to indicate the sources and pathways of selected chemical substances in precipitation over central Bohemia was accomplished with help of bulk samples, collected in a forested rural landscape approx. 30 km SE from Prague, capital of the Czech Republic. Samples have been collected monthly throughout the 1990s. They were analyzed to determine the concentration of selected major cations and anions (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, NH₄ ⁺, SO₄ ^2-, NO₃ ^-, Cl^-), as well as several minor and trace elements (Al, As, Be, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Sr, Zn, F^-).Set of the bulk samples shows strong mutual correlation of the main acidifiers - compounds of N, S (and F). Good correlation occurs also at the typical lithogenic elements Al, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Sr, and the typical elements originating from the flue gases of the combustion chambers burning low quality brown coal - As, (Be), Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The only strong correlation of Cl with Na (and Mg) indicates that majority of these elements originates from the oceanic spray. The content of pollutants in precipitation depends on the air masses types and on the rout of their approach to the sampling site. The typing of synoptic situations was employed for the determination of the air masses types and routs and of the corresponding fronts and precipitation fields.  相似文献   

Teaching Structural Hazards Awareness for Preparedness and Community Response     

Marla?A.?PetalEmail author  Utku?Celep  Cüneyt?TüZün  Rebekah?Green 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2004,2(2):155-171

Most successful search and rescue is performed by neighbors and household members during the first 24 h after an earthquake, before professional responders arrive on the scene. Many spontaneous responders become casualties in the process. Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institutes Disaster Preparedness Education Project with the support of the Earthquake Engineering Department has developed a training module for Community Disaster Responders to help them assess the level of damage for immediate citizen disaster response. Learning the signs of damage in both reinforced concrete and adobe buildings, they will be better able to distinguish the slight and moderately damaged buildings where their light search and rescue efforts will be effective, as opposed to the heavily damaged buildings where professional help is required for safe extrication. Incorporating citizens into the early stages of building collapse rescue is designed to make professional urban search and rescue efforts more effective. The program is being piloted in Turkey by the Civil Defense Directorate, Search and Rescue Brigade. It is expected that this will lead to a new demand for engineers to work in partnership with community-based organizations for planning and prioritizing disaster mitigation efforts, and to participate in immediate post-disaster damage assessment. Engineering recommendations will also be needed for post-earthquake building re-entry and re-habitation risk assessment.  相似文献   

新疆地区飞机积冰的分析与预报     

黄海波 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2005,28(4):26-27

飞机积冰是一种能影响飞行安全的重要天气现象.文中分析了与飞机积冰有关的气象因子和天气形势,并提出了一些飞机积冰的预报方法.  相似文献   

南阳机场冬季辐射雾的形成及消散     

杨义 《河南气象》2005,(1):13-14

利用1995～1998年南阳机场气象资料，分析了南阳机场冬季辐射雾形成的有利天气形势和物理量指标，并建立了辐射雾生成和消散的预报方法。  相似文献   

城市空气污染持续维持机制研究 I.2002年西安市空气污染持续维持过程分析及其气象成因     

周慧  王自发  安俊岭  朱彬  刘娟  陈万隆 《气候与环境研究》2005,(1)

为研究城市大气污染持续过程的形成机制及区域输送问题, 利用 2002 年西安市环境监测站 SO2、NO2和PM10日平均污染物浓度资料分析了西安市大气污染的时空分布特征及其与气象条件的关系。分析结果表明: 一年中西安出现3天以上空气质量为3级以上的持续污染过程18次, 累计污染超标日为192天, 出现3级以上的概率为53%。西安市区的污染物以可吸入颗粒物为主, PM10污染超标日较多。重点分析了2002年1月9~12日造成西安市持续污染过程的气象条件及天气形势, 可见4天的气象条件有着共同的特点: 平均风速小, 气温较低, 出现逆温, 相对湿度较大。西安地处高压后部, 气压较低, 高空为较平直的西北气流, 天气形势持续稳定。  相似文献   

江苏省煤炭资源及开发现状与思考   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王传礼  叶水泉 《江苏地质》2005,29(3):186-189

介绍了江苏省煤炭资源的基本概况，主要煤层的简要特征，煤的类型和质量。叙述了江苏省煤炭资源储量的特点，讨论了解决煤炭短缺问题的方法和建议。分析了煤炭资源的开发利用现状，总结了江苏煤炭企业占用资源和经营的基本情况。  相似文献   

新疆罗布泊东延地区--阿其克谷地生态地质环境现状及保护措施初探     

黄玉华  校佩曦 《西北地质》2005,38(3):87-92

阿其克谷地是罗布泊洼地的东延部分.对谷地内生态地质环境的气候环境、水环境、土壤环境和生物环境4个主要因子的调查表明：谷地内气候极端恶劣，属于极端干旱的温带和暖温带大陆性气候;水资源极度匮乏，以地下水为主;土壤类型有石膏棕漠土、盐土和流动风沙土3类，一般没有什么肥力潜力;生物物种贫乏，以超旱生和耐盐生的荒漠群落为主.当前，人类活动对谷内生态环境的影响主要为采矿、旅游、盗猎、放牧等活动.最后提出了树立全局观念，限制人类活动，建立生态环境保护区和水资源开发与涵养并举等生态环境保护建议。  相似文献   

空气泡沫钻进技术在地质岩心钻探中的应用前景          下载免费PDF全文

赵长福 《探矿工程》2005,32(8):45-49

基于实钻研究，分析空气泡沫钻进技术在地质岩心钻探中应用的技术优势和社会经济意义；根据我国应用现状，提出推广应用的方向和发展前景。  相似文献   

华南花岗岩型铀矿勘查现状及找矿方向   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄国龙  朱捌  吴烈勤  张宝武  曹豪杰 《铀矿地质》2006,22(6):345-349

文章系统总结了华南地区,特别是粤北花岗岩地区铀矿找矿投入的工作量、勘查程度、采用的勘查方法和取得的成果,以及区内铀矿地质的研究现状及最新研究成果,分析前人找矿勘查工作中存在的问题,提出进一步工作的思路和找矿方向。  相似文献   

地质钻探现状分析与技术展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘学森  李士平  郑文丽  赵德成 《吉林地质》2006,25(3):74-76

本文对当前地质钻探行业的现状从人员上,装备上,以及管理方面的分析,并提出了一些改进办法.对重要的钻探用装备先进的全液压动力头式钻机的优点作了介绍,在工艺技术方面提出了发展思路.  相似文献