网络RTK解决方法研究     

何宏 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(11):139-141

主要论述了网络RTK的基本原理,并针对网络RTK的几种方法进行了详尽的论述,并分析了各种方法的优缺点,为合理选用网络RTK技术提供了很好的借鉴。  相似文献   

达州独立坐标系平面控制网测量方法探讨     

黄堰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(11)

达州市独立坐标系GNSS网测量中,联测6个IGS参考站点,按B级网的要求解算出了4个控制点在CGCS2000椭球下的独立坐标,并将此作为GNSS控制网的起算数据对剩余23个GNSS控制点进行了平差处理,经过实例分析,该方法可以满足独立坐标系建立要求。  相似文献   

一种结合四元数与直方图的多光谱图像自适应边缘检测方法     

徐俊峰  郭海涛  张锐  刘攀成 《测绘科学技术学报》2015,(1):61-65

针对图像自适应边缘检测的难点和传统多光谱遥感图像边缘检测方法的局限性,提出了一种结合四元数与直方图的自适应边缘检测方法。该方法在四元数空间,利用矢量旋转完成了多光谱图像的边缘检测,并通过直方图统计的方法获取自适应阈值,实现了边缘图像的检测。利用陆地多光谱遥感图像和水域多光谱遥感图像分别进行实验,验证了方法的有效性。  相似文献   

采用Morse理论的小尺度地形特征提取方法     

张春亢  赵学胜  王洪斌 《测绘科学技术学报》2015,(3):266-270

Li DAR点云为小尺度地表形态的提取与表达提供了精确的数据源,但其高密度性与不确定性,导致应用Morse理论提取的特征点中含有大量的"伪特征点"。这里首先通过定义特征点指数等一系列概念,模拟特征点周围区域的地表形态,建立特征点重要性度量指标与计算方法;然后给出了地表重要特征点的提取算法;最后,进行了试验验证与分析。结果表明:提出的算法优于现有的持续值法与自然法则法,可以有效剔除"伪特征点",实现基于Li DAR点云小尺度复杂地形的特征点精确提取与多层次表达。  相似文献   

大尺寸高精度三维控制网技术探讨     

杨凡  范百兴  李广云  杨再华 《测绘科学技术学报》2015,32(2):120-124

空间大尺寸机构的位置和姿态测量是诸多领域中不可或缺的必要环节。而传统的一维测量技术在精度、范围和速度上已经无法满足越来越高的需求,因此必须探索新的测量技术和方法。激光跟踪仪的单站坐标测量精度在局部范围内能够达到几十个微米量级,如果要在大尺度空间内同样实现该坐标测量精度,则需要建立全局的精密三维控制网。为了解算控制点全局坐标以及测站的位置和姿态参数,文中基于边角观测值和坐标转换模型建立了激光跟踪仪三维边角网整体平差模型。平差过程中,为了削弱激光跟踪仪测角误差的影响,建立了合理的角度和距离观测值权矩阵,为高精度距离观测值赋予较大的权值,从而对其进行约束。将该方法应用于宝钢不锈钢冷轧厂生产线的安装检测和轧辊轴线平行度测量,基于激光跟踪仪自由设站理论实现大尺寸精密三维控制网的建立,取得了良好效果。  相似文献   

Linking pesticides and human health: A geographic information system (GIS) and Landsat remote sensing method to estimate agricultural pesticide exposure     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

Accurate pesticide exposure estimation is integral to epidemiologic studies elucidating the role of pesticides in human health. Humans can be exposed to pesticides via residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications (drift). We present an improved geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing method, the Landsat method, to estimate agricultural pesticide exposure through matching pesticide applications to crops classified from temporally concurrent Landsat satellite remote sensing images in California. The image classification method utilizes Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values in a combined maximum likelihood classification and per-field (using segments) approach. Pesticide exposure is estimated according to pesticide-treated crop fields intersecting 500 m buffers around geocoded locations (e.g., residences) in a GIS. Study results demonstrate that the Landsat method can improve GIS-based pesticide exposure estimation by matching more pesticide applications to crops (especially temporary crops) classified using temporally concurrent Landsat images compared to the standard method that relies on infrequently updated land use survey (LUS) crop data. The Landsat method can be used in epidemiologic studies to reconstruct past individual-level exposure to specific pesticides according to where individuals are located.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal trends in information technology outsourcing     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

Over the last two decades information technology (IT) outsourcing has grown dramatically, and has emerged as a strategic choice for firms searching for ways to control their costs and maintain a competitive edge. The mechanisms driving its growth are not fully understood though. In this research, we employ an approach that focuses on geographic, temporal, and industrial proximity in a mechanism that identifies the process underlying the diffusion of IT outsourcing across firms within the U.S from 2000 to 2010. We focus on the role that firm location plays in the diffusion process, and use space-time clustering techniques from the epidemiology literature to understand the diffusion process. We identify 38 space-time clusters based on IT outsourcing announcement data and the locations of firm headquarters among U.S.-based firms. When supplemented with additional information, such as type of services outsourced, the metropolitan area of the headquarters, and related industry information; the results offer insights into various types of diffusion processes that have been identified in the literature but have not been documented to date in the empirical manner that we have been able to do.  相似文献   

未来气候情景下气候变化响应过程研究综述   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

成爱芳  冯起  张健恺  李宗省  王岗 《地理科学》2015,(1)

气候变化将会对生态系统、自然资源、极端气候和人类社会产生一定的影响,科学评估未来气候变化响应是应对气候变化的前提。通过对当前研究成果的回顾,建立未来气候情景下气候变化响应研究的系统思路,并总结了研究所涉及的方法。系统论述了应用第5阶段耦合模式比较计划(CMIP5)气候模式前进行适用性评价的必要性;分析了当前降尺度方法尤其是统计降尺度的主要方法及进展;归纳了偏差校正过程中普遍使用的方法,最后,综合分析了整个研究过程中的不确定性。研究将为气候变化响应分析提供方法和思路指导。  相似文献   

Detection of dryland degradation using Landsat spectral unmixing remote sensing with syndrome concept in Minqin County,China     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2015

This study was to detect dryland degradation coupling linear spectral unmixing model of Landsat images with syndrome concept in temperate dryland system, Minqin, China. The phenological contrast and complementation between green vegetation fraction in summer, sandland fraction and saline land fraction in spring, was firstly structured to quantify degradation characteristics by simple correlation analysis with ground data. The spatiotemporal patterns of the three degradation indicators were interpreted with the help “dust bowl” syndrome, qualitatively deciphered the degradation causal clusters, loops and important consequences in the study area. The results indicate water-using and distribution pattern was changed, agricultural intensity and productivity increased, salinization lessened in oasis, whereas sandification risk heightened. This approach developed in this study, has the potentially broad applicability, for dryland system monitoring and modelling.  相似文献   

高分辨率遥感图像道路分割算法     

苏腾飞  李洪玉  屈忠义 《国土资源遥感》2015,(3)

为了提高从高分辨率遥感图像(high-resolution remote sensing image,HRI)中提取道路信息的自动化程度和准确性,发展了一种HRI道路分割算法,主要包括光谱合并、边界合并和基于形状特征的道路区域提取等3个步骤。其中,前2个步骤是基于区域生长的图像分割算法。光谱合并综合考虑了区域的均值、方差等统计特征量,以提高分割精度;边界合并采用了基于矢量梯度的边界计算方法,以准确提取多光谱HRI中的边界强度;结合全局最优合并算法实现光谱和边界合并,以得到最优化的分割结果。在道路区域被完整分割出来的基础上,利用形状特征提取道路,采用圆形度特征区分道路和非道路。利用2景Orb View3多光谱图像进行道路提取实验的结果表明,该方法的道路提取结果总精度和Kappa系数分别在97%和0.8以上,明显优于SVM监督分类方法。  相似文献