SuperMap Deskpro在数字校园建模方法中的应用     

杨德全  杨超元  柯新利  雷畅  金少斌 《地理空间信息》2011,(4):131-135

近几年许多高校都开始建立自己的＂数字校园＂,用以方便管理,提高人力、物力的利用效率。三维景观建模作为＂数字校园＂的基础和重要组成部分,它让管理更加直观和有效。以咸宁学院校区为例,利用国产软件SuperMap Deskpro,通过数据准备、三维建模、纹理映射,建立了咸宁学院中心校区三维景观模型,进行了数字校园建模方法的研...  相似文献   

3维城市模型理论及技术方法研究     

陈世宏  金明一 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(2):37-39

主要研究了3维城市模型的相关理论与技术,提出了拓扑关系、尺度及可视化等问题,讨论了3维城市模型的建设方法及关键技术,并对3维城市模型的发展进行了展望。  相似文献   

Pictometry倾斜摄影技术及其在3维城市建模中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王伟  黄雯雯  镇姣 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(3):181-183

倾斜摄影技术是国际测绘领域近些年发展起来的一项高新技术.它颠覆了以往正射影像只能从垂直角度拍摄的局限,通过在同一飞行平台上搭载多台传感器,同时从一个垂直、四个倾斜等五个不同的角度采集影像,将用户引入了符合人眼视觉的真实直观世界.倾斜影像技术的引进和应用,使得目前高昂的3维城市建模成本将得以大大降低.由于倾斜影像为用户提...  相似文献   

供水管网GIS系统下水力计算设计与实现     

刘烜  刘玉珠  卢建青 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(5):141-143,147

随着城市化进程的不断加快,供水管网和城市地形都在发生频繁的变化,管网简化模型必须随时更新,保持与现实管网的对应,才能使得水力计算的结果保持准确。将水力计算嵌入给水管网信息系统,可以使水力计算中的大部分输入数据直接从GIS数据库中提取,并借助GIS的数据更新手段保持管网计算模型的现势性,还可以利用GIS的表现能力显示输出...  相似文献   

Balancing groundwater conservation and rural livelihoods under water and climate uncertainties: An integrated hydro-economic modeling framework     

Consuelo Varela-Ortega  Irene Blanco-Gutiérrez  Christopher H. Swartz  Thomas E. Downing 《Global Environmental Change》2011,21(2):604-619

In arid countries worldwide, social conflicts between irrigation-based human development and the conservation of aquatic ecosystems are widespread and attract many public debates. This research focuses on the analysis of water and agricultural policies aimed at conserving groundwater resources and maintaining rural livelihoods in a basin in Spain's central arid region. Intensive groundwater mining for irrigation has caused overexploitation of the basin's large aquifer, the degradation of reputed wetlands and has given rise to notable social conflicts over the years. With the aim of tackling the multifaceted socio-ecological interactions of complex water systems, the methodology used in this study consists in a novel integration into a common platform of an economic optimization model and a hydrology model WEAP (Water Evaluation And Planning system). This robust tool is used to analyze the spatial and temporal effects of different water and agricultural policies under different climate scenarios. It permits the prediction of different climate and policy outcomes across farm types (water stress impacts and adaptation), at basin's level (aquifer recovery), and along the policies’ implementation horizon (short and long run). Results show that the region's current quota-based water policies may contribute to reduce water consumption in the farms but will not be able to recover the aquifer and will inflict income losses to the rural communities. This situation would worsen in case of drought. Economies of scale and technology are evidenced as larger farms with cropping diversification and those equipped with modern irrigation will better adapt to water stress conditions. However, the long-term sustainability of the aquifer and the maintenance of rural livelihoods will be attained only if additional policy measures are put in place such as the control of illegal abstractions and the establishing of a water bank. Within the policy domain, the research contributes to the new sustainable development strategy of the EU by concluding that, in water-scarce regions, effective integration of water and agricultural policies is essential for achieving the water protection objectives of the EU policies. Therefore, the design and enforcement of well-balanced region-specific polices is a major task faced by policy makers for achieving successful water management that will ensure nature protection and human development at tolerable social costs. From a methodological perspective, this research initiative contributes to better address hydrological questions as well as economic and social issues in complex water and human systems. Its integrated vision provides a valuable illustration to inform water policy and management decisions within contexts of water-related conflicts worldwide.  相似文献   

各向异性矿化特征的分析与模拟 及其在储量估算中的应用     

金毅  郑德顺  潘懋  张璐 《地质学报》2011,85(9):1519-1527

矿化作用往往是地质事件及局部过程共同作用的结果,导致矿体空间形态复杂多变、矿石品位呈各向异性、尺度不一的非线性空间变异模式.传统方法无论是在矿石量的计算方面还是在矿块内平均品位的确定上都存在多种误差,并且无法实现信息的动态管理及直观表达.文章以安庆铜矿中心矿区为例,采用对数块kriging与三维地学模拟技术相结合的方法...  相似文献   

自由场典型液化特征数值模拟试验     

何剑平  陈卫忠 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(2):162-169

应用FLAOD实现自由场液化数值模拟试验.试验结果验证了砂土液化典型特征:超静孔隙水压升高,有效应力降低,体积压缩积累增大.证实了液化的隔振作用:砂土在液化状态变为流体,不能传递剪力,液化时砂土位移、速度、加速度振幅显著降低,剪应力降低,动水向上渗流,土体向下沉降,水平残留不可恢复位移.球压应力、有效压应力、动水压力满...  相似文献   

大型岩体洞室采用柔性垫层减震的可行性研究     

赵宝友  马震岳 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(2):138-144

采用无限元作为岩体地下洞室静动力分析的边界条件,建立了岩体地下洞室的静动力有限元一无限元(FE-IE)计算模型,分析了柔性垫层对水电站厂房这类大型岩体洞室结构的减震效果.研究结果表明:柔性垫层虽未能从根本上改变岩体洞室结构的地震响应,但是设置一定厚度的柔性垫层后不仅能充分发挥岩体洞室围岩的自承能力,而且还能明显地减小混...  相似文献   

Earthquake source parameters of the 2009 M_W7.8 Fiordland （New Zealand） earthquake from L-band InSAR observations     

Kateline Young 《地震学报(英文版)》2011,(2):199-206

The 2009 M W 7.8 Fiordland (New Zealand) earthquake is the largest to have occurred in New Zealand since the 1931 M W 7.8 Hawke’s Bay earthquake, 1 000 km to the northwest. In this paper two tracks of ALOS PALSAR interferograms (one ascending and one descending) are used to determine fault geometry and slip distribution of this large earthquake. Modeling the event as dislocation in an elastic half-space suggests that the earthquake resulted from slip on a SSW-NNE orientated thrust fault that is associated w...  相似文献   

Petrogenetic modeling of rock variety in the Khalkhab–Neshveh pluton,NW of Saveh,Iran     

MEHDI REZAEI‐KAHKHAEI  DARIUSH ESMAEILY  FERNANDO CORFU 《Island Arc》2011,20(3):329-345

The Khalkhab–Neshveh (KN) pluton is a part of Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc and was intruded into a covering of basalt and andesite of Eocene to early Miocene age. It is a medium to high‐K, metaluminous and I‐type pluton ranging in composition from quartz monzogabbro, through quartz monzodiorite, granodiorite, and granite. The KN rocks show subtle differentiation trends strongly controlled by clinopyroxene, plagioclase, hornblende, apatite, and titanite, where most major elements (except K₂O) are negatively correlated with SiO₂; and Al₂O₃, Na₂O, Sr, Eu, and Y define curvilinear trends. Considering three processes of magmatic differentiation including mixing and/or mingling between basaltic and dacitic magmas, gravitational fractional crystallization and in situ crystallization revealed that the latter is the most likely process for the evolution of KN magma. This is supported by the occurrence of all rock types at the same level, the lack of mafic enclaves in the granitoid rocks, the curvilinear trends of Na₂O, Sr, and Eu, and the constant ratios of (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i from quartz monzodiorite to granite (0.70475 and 0.70471, respectively). In situ crystallization took place via accumulation of plagioclase and clinopyroxene phenocrysts and concentration of these phases in the quartz monzogabbro and quartz monzodiorite at the margins of the intrusion at T ≥ 1050°C, and by filter pressing and fractionation of hornblende, plagioclase, and later biotite in the granitoids at T = ～880°C.  相似文献