Pelagic ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) of different brackish and freshwater lakes — a community analysis at the species level     

Gerald Pfister  Brigitte Auer  Hartmut Arndt 《Limnologica》2002,32(2)

The pelagic ciliate communities from 58 north German lakes differing in their origin (natural lakes and artificial ponds), morphology (from shallow ponds with a maximum depth of below 0.5 m to relatively deep lakes with a maximum depth of more than 10 m, surface areas from below 10 ha to more than 100 ha), trophic state (from mesotrophic to hypertrophic) and salinity (freshwater lakes and brackish water lakes) are described and compared at species level. Each lake was comprehensively sampled quarterly in the years 1996 and 1997, respectively. Applying a quantitative protargol stain, about 140 ciliate species could be identified and quantified in all investigated lakes. 35 species, mainly members of the Prostomatida and Oligotrichida, were found commonly in all types of lakes at all seasons and dominated the pelagic ciliate communities. 3 species were common in freshwaters, but never occurred in brackish lakes. In the brackish waters a mixture of common freshwater species and marine species was found with 13 species exclusively occurring in brackish waters. Lowest ciliate cell numbers were observed for deep freshwater lakes, highest cell numbers were determined for brackish waters. Highest species richness was found in artificial peat ponds with an average of 24 pelagic ciliate species in spring samples. The range of occurrence for the identified species was wide for most common species. However, the influence of some environmental factors could be enlightened.  相似文献   

Worldwide Estimates of Deep Natural Gas Resources Based on the U.S. Geological Survey World Petroleum Assessment 2000     

Dyman  T. S.  Crovelli  R. A.  Bartberger  C. E.  Takahashi  K. I. 《Natural Resources Research》2002,11(3):207-218

The U.S. Geological Survey recently assessed undiscovered conventional gas and oil resources in eight regions of the world outside the U.S. The resources assessed were those estimated to have the potential to be added to reserves within the next thirty years. This study is a worldwide analysis of the estimated volumes and distribution of deep (>4.5 km or about 15,000 ft), undiscovered conventional natural gas resources based on this assessment. Two hundred forty-six assessment units in 128 priority geologic provinces, 96 countries, and two jointly held areas were assessed using a probabilistic Total Petroleum System approach. Priority geologic provinces were selected from a ranking of 937 provinces worldwide. The U.S. Geological Survey World Petroleum Assessment Team did not assess undiscovered petroleum resources in the U.S. For this report, mean estimated volumes of deep conventional undiscovered gas resources in the U.S. are taken from estimates of 101 deep plays (out of a total of 550 conventional plays in the U.S.) from the U.S. Geological Survey's 1995 National Assessment of Oil and Gas Resources. A probabilistic method was designed to subdivide gas resources into depth slices using a median-based triangular probability distribution as a model for drilling depth to estimate the percentages of estimated gas resources below various depths. For both the World Petroleum Assessment 2000 and the 1995 National Assessment of Oil and Gas Resources, minimum, median, and maximum depths were assigned to each assessment unit and play; these depths were used in our analysis. Two-hundred seventy-four deep assessment units and plays in 124 petroleum provinces were identified for the U.S. and the world. These assessment units and plays contain a mean undiscovered conventional gas resource of 844 trillion cubic ft (Tcf) occuring at depths below 4.5 km. The deep undiscovered conventional gas resource (844 Tcf) is about 17% of the total world gas resource (4,928 Tcf) based on the provinces assessed and includes a mean estimate of 259 Tcf of U.S. gas from the U.S. 1995 National Assessment. Of the eight regions, the Former Soviet Union (Region 1) contains the largest estimated volume of undiscovered deep gas with a mean resource of343 Tcf.  相似文献   

秦岭终南山地质遗迹全球对比及世界地质公园建立   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

彭永祥  吴成基 《地质论评》2008,54(6):849-855

秦岭中段终南山地区地质现象复杂,地质遗迹资源数量多、种类全,分布有典型地层剖面、岩浆活动遗迹、构造剖面及典型构造运动遗迹、地质地貌景观等多种类型地质遗迹。这些遗迹在环境、造山带和大陆动力学等研究方面有重要的科学意义,许多还具有景观价值。全球对比表明,区内多种地质遗迹具有独特性和垄断性。为保护好地质遗迹开展科研和旅游并兼顾生态保护,建立终南山世界地质公园是最佳选择。为此,划分出三级地质遗迹保护区及生态保护区,在保护区内设立若干特殊遗迹保护点,并提出相应管理措施。同时,作为大型地质公园,在分区开发保护的基础上,利用中应充分注意各种资源及各园区的有效整合问题。  相似文献   

Determining Semantic Similarity of Behaviour Using Natural Semantic Metalanguage to Match User Objectives to Available Web Services     

Kristin Stock 《Transactions in GIS》2008,12(6):733-755

Natural Semantic Metalanguage specifies a set of semantic primitives identified by linguists since the 1970s as being present in all analysed languages and not capable of further reduction. In this article, the 63 semantic primitives are used to define the semantics of user objectives and web services in the form of semantic explications, which are then compared to determine whether the web services are likely to be helpful in meeting the user objective. The comparison of the user objectives and web services is a two stage process. Firstly, the content is compared by classifying the semantic primitives from the candidate web service and user objective on the basis of whether the primitives are common or similar. On the basis of these classifications, the percentage match and semantic relationship (subset, superset, overlaps, disjoint, identical) are determined. Secondly, the order of the semantic primitives is compared and the edit distance determined as a measure of semantic similarity. The method is tested using two examples: a comparison of spatial relations and a comparison of a user objective and three geospatial web services. The results show that the method is able to determine which concepts are broadly semantically similar and which are not.  相似文献   

AJAX在湖北省测量标志普查管理信息系统中的应用     

邱儒琼  郑丽娜 《地理空间信息》2008,6(1):31-33

在Web2．0的热潮中,AJAX以一种崭新的网页交互技术迅速成为最炙手可热的Web开发技术。本文介绍了AJAX技术的定叉、工作模式以及AJAX框架,最后介绍了AJAX技术在湖北省测量标志普查管理信息系统中的应用。  相似文献   

网络地理信息系统的研究与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵鹏  周加东 《地理空间信息》2008,6(2):56-58

介绍了WebGIS的特点、性质和实现WebGIS的几种方式,对各种实现方式的优缺点进行分析,并探讨了WebGIS发展趋势。  相似文献   

全球跨境并购网络的空间格局演化及形成机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄晓东  杜德斌  刘承良 《地理学报》2021,76(10):2536-2550

跨境并购是企业实施全球化战略的重要途径,对世界经济地理格局演化具有重大影响。本文基于2001—2017年全球跨境并购交易记录数据建构网络,借助复杂网络分析、GIS空间技术以及引力模型等方法,对全球跨境并购网络的空间格局演化及其形成机制进行探讨。研究发现：① 全球跨境并购网络的规模、密度、范围均有小幅度增长,并存有去中心化趋势。② 全球跨境并购方和标的方的空间分布重心出现由西（欧美）向东（亚太）转移的迹象,其首要推动者为中国,但中国跨境并购联系的出入口依赖于中国香港、英属维京群岛、开曼群岛等地区。③ 全球跨境并购网络社团的空间组织范围总体与世界大区的范围保持吻合,其中全球最大的社团由英美主导但其凝聚范围出现收缩,中国主导的亚太社团凝聚范围得到扩大,德法主导的社团对欧洲进一步整合。④ 研究期内国家（地区）科技发展水平和离岸金融中心等属性要素,以及国家（地区）间地理、语言以及历史的邻近性要素始终是驱动网络形成的重要动力,而自然资源禀赋、经济市场规模指标在2009—2017年对跨境并购联系的形成只产生了单向（接收或发出）影响,经济邻近性作用失效。  相似文献   

GNSS连续运行参考站网的下一代发展方向——地基地球空间信息智能传感网络   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

刘经南 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(3):253-256,250

介绍了智能时代的网络组成,探讨了地球空间信息智能传感网的结构和特性,进而阐述了基于GNSS的连续运行参考站网(CORS)的初步智能特征。在此基础上,阐述了CORS可以构成地球空间信息智能传感网的地基基础设施的缘由,并指出了其未来发展方向和应用情况。  相似文献   

地理信息服务语义标注原理与关键技术及应用     

梁汝鹏  李宏伟  马雷雷  李文娟 《地球信息科学学报》2015,17(4):408-415

随着地理信息服务应用领域和受众群体的日益广泛,人们对地理信息服务的需求越来越多元化。一方面网络上注册和发布的地理信息服务的数量急剧增长;另一方面人们对如何高效发现兴趣服务、组合兴趣服务以满足兴趣需要却常感到困惑。当前,用户只能通过关键字搜索并结合空间过滤条件查询OGC(Open Geospatial Consortium)的目录服务,来发现所需的数据和服务。用户在受益于目录服务带来的资源搜索便捷的同时,经常受到查全率和查准率不高的困扰。面对日益庞大的服务群,如何自动、快速、准确地发现目标服务,成为影响地理信息服务进一步发展与应用的瓶颈。本文围绕地理信息服务语义标注原理方法与关键技术展开研究,通过引入信息检索技术和语义网技术、语义服务技术,从面向地理信息服务语义标注的本体建模、基于地理概念匹配的语义标注算法、融合相似性度量与包含性推理的语义匹配与服务发现,以及语义标注和服务匹配质量评价方法4个方面进行了深入研究。针对地理概念半自动语义标注新算法、地理信息服务语义发现与匹配方法、服务语义标注和服务匹配质量评价、应用试验等具体研究内容进行了实验设计,并给出了需解决的核心问题,为当前地理信息服务匹配方法提供了新思路。  相似文献   

热棒技术在国道214线共和-玉树高速公路宽幅冻土路基中应用的数值模拟研究     

徐安花 《冰川冻土》2014,36(4):987-993

高速公路路基幅面宽度的成倍增加,沥青路面的吸热效应更为显著,工程对其下伏多年冻土的热影响更为显著. 热棒、热棒保温板复合结构等传统工程措施能否保护宽幅高速公路下冻土稳定是一个亟待回答的问题. 根据带相变热传导有限元方法,对共和-玉树高速普通路基、热棒路基和热棒保温板复合结构路基在未来全球变暖情形下的地温场特征进行了数值模拟分析. 结果表明：在年平均气温为-3.5℃或地表年平均温度为-1℃的多年冻土地区,普通路基和热棒路基在全球变暖条件下路基下伏冻土都将发生融化,宽幅公路路基将会产生显著融沉变形,不能保证宽幅公路路基20 a使用期内的稳定性. 热棒保温板复式结构显示了较好的冷却路基效果,在第20年路基下多年冻土人为上限高于原天然上限,路基下富冰冻土仍处于冻结状态,可以保证宽幅沥青公路在服务期内的热稳定性.  相似文献