保温水泥在中低温地热井中的应用及建议     

张丰琰  李立鑫  韩丽丽 《地质与勘探》2022,58(2):410-419

中低温地热资源开采过程中井口水温较储层温度明显降低,资源浪费严重.本文提出在固井过程中引入保温水泥的方法,以期提升井口水温和地热资源利用效率.选用多层圆筒传热模型,模拟计算了保温水泥在不同使用条件下的保温效果.结果表明,保温水泥的使用能明显提高热水达到抽水泵的温度,且井径越大、井底温度越高、井深越大、使用开次越多,保温...  相似文献   

Morphological records of storm floods exemplified by the impact of the 1872 Baltic storm on a sandy spit system in south‐eastern Denmark          下载免费PDF全文

Lars B. Clemmensen  Mette Bendixen  Mikkel U. Hede  Aart Kroon  Lars Nielsen  Andrew S. Murray 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(4):499-508

Beach‐ridge systems are important geo‐archives providing evidence for past wave climate including catastrophic storm flood events. This study investigates the morphological impacts of the 1872 Baltic storm flood on a beach‐ridge system (sandy spit) in south‐eastern Denmark and evaluates the frequency of extreme storm flood events in the area over a longer time perspective. This paper combines field studies of morphology and sedimentary deposits, studies of historical maps, digital terrain model, ground‐penetrating radar profiles, and luminescence dating. Sea water reached 2.8 m above mean sea level (amsl) during peak inundation and, based on studies of the morphological impacts of the 1872 storm flood, the event can be divided into four phases. Phase 1: increasing mean water levels and wave activity at the beach brought sediments from the beach (intertidal bars and normal berm) higher up in the profile and led to the formation of a storm‐berm. Phase 2: water levels further increased and sediment in the upper part of the profile continued to build up the storm‐berm. Phase 3: water levels now reached the top of the dune ridge and were well above the storm‐berm level. Sea water was breaching the dune ridge at several sites and wash‐over fans were generated until a level where the mean water level had dropped too much. Phase 4: the non‐vegetated wash‐over fans functioned as pathways for aeolian sand transport and relatively high dunes were formed in particular along the margins of the fan where aeolian sand was trapped by existing vegetation. The studied beach‐ridge system records about 4500 years of accumulation; the storm flood sediments described are unique suggesting that the 1872 Baltic storm flood event was an extreme event. Thus studies of beach‐ridge systems form a new source for understanding storm surge risk. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

NO冷却率在连续磁暴中对热层密度的影响          下载免费PDF全文

刘舒莳  龚建村  刘四清  苗娟  李晓松 《地球物理学报》2014,57(6):1700-1708

基于CHAMP卫星加速度计数据,对2002年4月和2004年11月两个连续磁暴事件期间400 km高度热层大气密度时空变化特征进行了分析,结果表明,地磁扰动相近的连续磁暴发生时,热层密度对第一个磁暴的响应幅度明显大于后续磁暴;磁暴间歇期有时会出现密度低值;磁暴恢复相,热层密度先于ap指数快速恢复至暴前水平,甚至更低;热层大气经验模式NRLMSISE00的预测结果中没有包含这些现象.利用TIMED卫星SABER辐射计数据进一步分析同时段100~155 km高度NO冷却率的变化特点,NO冷却率在暴时的增大滞后热层密度2~6 h;磁暴恢复相,NO冷却率保持在较高水平,弛豫时间远大于热层密度.暴时增强的NO冷却率及其缓慢的恢复是导致热层密度响应幅度变小的原因,间歇期是否出现热层密度异常低值也与NO冷却率的增幅有关.  相似文献   

Analysis of impact of outfalls on surrounding soil and groundwater environment     

GU Ming-xu  LIU Yu  HAN Chong  SHANG Lin-qun  JIANG Xian-qiao  WANG Lin-ying 《地下水科学与工程》2014,2(3):54-60

With certain outfalls in Baoding as an example and in combination with test results of soil and water samples taken from both sides of such outfalls, the organic contamination compounds influence on the surrounding soil and groundwater environment was analysed, the distribution features of the main organic contamination in soil and groundwater in different depth were discussed, and the vertical and longitudinal migration rule of all kinds of main organic contamination compounds in soil and groundwater in the sewage irrigation area was studied.  相似文献   

热带风暴“海高斯”诱发清远市暴雨过程分析     

梁钟清 《广东气象》2012,(4):10-13

对0817号热带风暴"海高斯"造成的暴雨进行了天气动力学诊断分析。结果表明,热带气旋右侧生成的低空急流,将低层高能暖湿空气向暴雨区不断地输送,加上低层辐合,为此次暴雨的产生提供了充沛的水汽输送和层结不稳定条件。同时,来自中纬度西风槽后部的弱冷空气,在对流层低层与暖湿空气相互作用,对暖湿空气具有明显的抬升作用,促使了热带低压的对流发展和暴雨的产生。  相似文献   

贺州市一次致灾冰雹天气过程诊断分析     

黄远盼  梁珊珊 《气象研究与应用》2012,33(2):19-22,123

利用常规地面、高空观测资料和梧州S波段新一代天气雷达探测产品资料,对2012年4月12日夜间发生在贺州市的一次致灾冰雹天气过程的成因及雷达回波特征进行诊断分析,结果表明:在高空槽、低层切变线和地面冷空气共同影响的中小尺度天气环流背景下,配合高空干冷、低层暖湿的不稳定大气层结是这一次降雹天气过程产生的主要原因。此次降雹天气过程在多普勒雷达回波图上呈现出典型的超级单体风暴特征。  相似文献   

Projected Changes in Kppen Climate Types in the 21st Century over China          下载免费PDF全文

SHI Ying  GAO Xue-Jie  WU Jia 《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,5(6):495-498

Future changes in the climate regimes over China as measured by the Kppen climate classification are reported in this paper. The analysis is based on a high-resolution climate change simulation conducted by a regional climate model (the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) RegCM3) driven by the global model of Center for Climate System Research (CCSR)/National Institute for Environment Studies (NIES)/Frontier Research Center for Global Change (FRCGC) MIROC3.2_hires (the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate) under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario. Validation of the model performances is presented first. The results show that RegCM3 reproduces the present-day distribution of the Kppen climate types well. Significant changes of the types are found in the future over China, following the simulated warming and precipitation changes. In southern China, the change is characterized by the replacement of subtropical humid (Cr) by subtropical winter-dry (Cw). A pronounced decrease of the cold climate types is found over China, e.g., tundra (Ft) over the Tibetan Plateau and sub-arctic continental (Ec) over northeast China. The changes are usually greater in the end compared with the middle of the 21st century.  相似文献   

长生命史飑线在强、弱对流降水过程中的异同点分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

姚晨  郑媛媛  张雪晨 《高原气象》2012,31(5):1366-1375

利用常规气象资料、自动站资料、NCEP再分析资料和多普勒雷达资料,对发生在我国中纬度地区不同对流环境下两次长生命史飑线过程的物理机制和中尺度特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)飑线在近地面层有较强的水汽辐合,但强对流降水过程中的飑线湿层深厚,水汽辐合的层次更为深广、强度更强,存在较低的抬升凝结高度。(2)高层强冷平流与低层暖平流的叠加是飑线的共同特征之一;不同之处在于弱对流降水过程中飑线不稳定层结的建立更多地依靠高层冷平流的作用,有更高的温度直减率,具有弱降水超级单体的一些特征;强对流降水过程中飑线低层暖平流的加强也是造成大气不稳定的重要原因,θse在中层呈现出湿中性层结特征,存在更大的热力不稳定度,是典型的强降水超级单体特性。(3)长生命史飑线的发展离不开强环境风垂直风切变;强对流降水过程中垂直风切变主要是风速随高度变化而产生的,弱对流降水过程中垂直风切变主要表现为风向随高度的变化。(4)飑线沿着出流边界和引导气流方向移动。(5)飑线在雷达回波上的共同点:都出现典型弓形回波,减弱的标志亦是阵风锋逐渐远离回波主体,弓形回波逐渐断裂,强回波后侧的层状云回波面积开始增大;不同点在于弓形回波的演变方式不同,弱对流降水过程中的弓形回波有超级单体风暴的典型结构,而强对流降水过程中弓形回波的形成是由强降水超级单体的发展而来,单体结构明显不同于经典超级单体中非降水或弱降水超级单体。(6)速度场上低层存在着径向速度的大值区,中低层有辐合,并伴有中气旋存在,中层存在明显的MARC(Mid-Altitude Radial Convergence)。1km高度以下的径向速度大值区、MARC和中气旋对地面灾害性大风有提前预警作用。  相似文献   

新疆和田“2010.3.12”区域性黑风能量及不稳定条件分析     

刘海涛  何清  杨新林 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2012,6(1):10-15

利用地面自动站观测、MICAPS预报产品以及NCEP/NCAR 1。×1。再分析资料,对2010年3月12日发生在新疆和田地区的一次区域性黑风天气过程进行能量和不稳定条件诊断分析。结果表明：(1)纬向转经向环流的调整和中、低空不断加强的西北锋区结合地面强冷锋的配置结构为黑风天气的暴发提供了强大的动力背景;(2)黑风天气暴发在高能且极不稳定的大气环境条件下;(3)代表能量和不稳定条件的螺旋度、有效位能、对流抑制指数、粗理查森数和假相当位温在时间、落区、强度上与黑风天气的演变极为吻合,具有很好的预报指示意义。  相似文献   

A SIMILARITY SCHEME FOR QUANTITATIVE FORECAST OF PRECIPITATION OF TYPHOONS     

钟元  潘劲松  朱红  陈卫锋  陈世春  梁明珠 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2012,18(3):322-331

A quantitative scheme is put forward in our work of forecasting the storm rainfall of typhoons for specific sites.Using the initial parameters,weather situations and physical quantities as well as numerical weather prediction products,the scheme constructs multivariate,objective and similarity criteria for environmental factors for the time between the current and forthcoming moment within the domain of forecast.Through defining a non-linear similarity index,this work presents a comprehensive assessment of the similarity between historical samples of typhoons and those being forecast in terms of continuous dynamic states under the multivariate criteria in order to identify similar samples.The historical rainfall records of the similar samples are used to run weighted summarization of the similarity index to determine site-specific and quantitative forecasts of future typhoon rainfall.Samples resembling the typhoon being forecast are selected by defining a non-linear similarity index composed of multiple criteria.Trial tests have demonstrated that this scheme has positive prediction skill.  相似文献