加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

余怀忠  尹祥础  夏蒙棼  梁乃刚  李敏  许昭永  彭克银  Wu Zhishen  Qi Li 《中国地震》2003,19(1):58-66

利用大尺度岩石试件破坏声发射实验，对加卸载响应比(Load/Unload Response Ratio)理论进行了实验研究。实验采用的加载条件力求能够模拟地下岩石的复杂受力过程。在加载过程中，岩石试件内部出现的损伤用声发射技术进行了记录。实验数据经过分析之后所得的结论与加卸载响应比理论预测的结果相符合。把加卸载响应比值Y的变化情况与声发射事件定位的过程相对比，也可以进一步看出岩石材料内部的损伤发展过程与加卸载响应比Y值的变化具有一致性。而高Y值的异常情况出现，又是在材料发生最终破坏之前，所以，可以用加卸载响应比理论定量地分析岩石试件损伤演化情况，从而对岩石材料的破坏及地震做出预测。实验结果再一次验证了加卸载响应比理论。  相似文献   

幔源流体判别标志及多层循环成矿作用动力学——以山东夏甸金矿床为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邓军  刘伟  孙忠实  王建平  王庆飞  张群喜  韦延光 《中国科学D辑》2003,(Z2)

山东夏甸金矿床成因一直有变质热液、岩浆热液和天水之争。经研究表明:尚有幔源流体加入成矿,其主要判别标志有:(ⅰ)深大断裂标志;(ⅱ)基性脉岩与矿脉交切和相伴标志;(ⅲ)稳定同位素地球化学标志;(ⅳ)流体包裹体地球化学标志;(ⅴ)幔源流体多层循环沟通标志。针对幔源流体总体循环系统特征与岩浆热液和天水的有机联系,将含矿流体划分3个子循环系统:(ⅰ)地幔富C,H,O,CO_2流体循环子系统;(ⅱ)中-下部地壳富硅流体循环子系统;(ⅲ)浅-表部富硫流体循环子系统。各自成矿功能主要受制于构造动力背景。  相似文献   

新一代环境监测与管理信息系统的支撑技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴信才 《测绘科学技术学报》2003,20(2):142-144

论述了新一代环境监测与管理信息系统(EMMIS)的支撑技术、开发手段及其功能特点;重点阐述了新一代环境监测与管理信息系统支撑技术在环境科学中的典型应用,包括基础信息综合管理、环境动态监测、环境演变模拟和预测、环境规划与决策、环境灾害监测与预报、环境管理、环境综合分析与评价等.  相似文献   

湖泊沉积物-水界面铁的微生物地球化学循环及其与微量金属元素的关系   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

汪福顺刘丛强  梁小兵 《地质地球化学》2003,31(3):63-69

沉积物容纳了来自流域自然风化及人为排放的各种金属元素，成为一个潜在的“化学炸弹”。微生物以其体积小、繁殖快、具有巨大的比表面积等特点可以大大地改变微量金属在环境中的分布。铁在陆地水体．沉积物环境中具有很高的丰度、合适的电化学特性，在好氧、厌氧转换的界面环境中强烈地推动了早期成岩作用。本文针对铁在亚表面水环境中的重要性，侧重介绍了沉积物．水界面的铁的微生物地球化学循环过程，以及这一过程对蓄积在沉积物中的微量金属元素的重新分布的影响机制。  相似文献   

Paleoclimate Changes during the Early Oiigocene in the Hoh Xil Region, Northern Tibetan Plateau     

LIUZhifei WANGChengshan AlainTRENTESAUX ZHAOXixi YIHaisheng HUXiumian JINWei 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(4):504-513

Sedimentological, cyclic-stratigraphic, paleomagnetic, and clay-mineralogical studies on the early Oligocene Yaxicuo Group in the Hoh Xil Basin, the largest Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, provide abundant information of paleoclimate changes. A 350-m thick section in the middle-lower Yaxicuo Group was analyzed to reveal the climatic history that occurred in the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene interval 31.30-30.35 Ma, dated with the paleomagnetic chronostratigraphy. The results indicate that add and cold climate dominated the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene in general, being related to the global cooling and drying events that occurred in the earliest Oligocene. Within this period, relatively warm and wet climate accompanied by strong tectonic activity occurred in the 31.05-30.75 Ma interval; while add and cold climate and relatively inactive tectonics occurred in the 31.30-31.05 and 30.75-30.35 Ma intervals. Furthermore, spectral analyses of high-temporal resolution paleoclimatic records show orbital periods including eccentricity, obliquity, and precession. It is concluded that paleoclimate changes during the early Oligocene in the Hoh Xil region were forced by both tectonic activity and orbital periods.  相似文献   

Petrographic of Northwestern Sudan     

NafiM AbdullatifM 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(2):137-143

The sedimentology of the Northwestern Sudan consists of lower, middle and upper cycles. The lower and upper cycles are composed of intercalated fluvial and shallow marine facies, whereas the middle cycle consists entirely of fluvial and glaciofluvial facies. The petrographic analysis shows that the lower and upper cydes consist of quartz and lithic arenite sandstones, whereas the middle cycle consists of arkosic and lithic arenite sandstones. The lower and upper cycle sandstones reflect derivation mainly from recycled orogens with minor contribution from craton interior provenances. However, the middle cycle sandstones indicate derivation from basement uplift, transitional and mainly recycled orogens provenances.  相似文献   

南海上层海洋热结构的年循环与半年循环   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

高荣珍  王东晓  王卫强  周发琇  谢强 《大气科学》2003,27(3):345-353

根据南海季风试验(SCSMEX)期间南海内区的三个ATLAS(Autonomous Temperature Line Acquisition System)锚碇浮标资料(1998年4月～1999年4月),采用谐波分析方法对南海上层海洋水温年循环、半年循环加以分离,发现无论在年循环还是在半年循环尺度上,18°N附近SCS1站与13°N附近SCS3站的水温变化次表层与表层呈反位相;15°20′N附近SCS2站水温变化基本上次表层与表层同位相.这说明不同区域上层海洋热变化受不同的正压与斜压模态控制.其次,SCS2、SCS3两点水温年循环振幅均在次表层达到极值;而SCS1在表层达到极大值,在100 m深度达到次极大值.3个站位水温半年循环振幅极值均出现在次表层内,这说明该层内的水温半年循环在温度变化趋势中所占的权重比在表层的权重大.  相似文献   

ENSO事件中纬向异常流反向与东西侧边界反射的联系          下载免费PDF全文

严邦良 《大气科学》2003,27(3):354-368

建立一个中等复杂程度的海-气耦合模式研究东、西边界反射,纬向平流项-u′(δ)(T+T′)/(δ)x在ENSO循环位相转换中的作用及东、西边界反射与纬向异常流(u′) 符号改变的关系.结果得到:u′超前Nio3区SSTA位相转变的原因是东、西边界反射造成的.Sverdrup 平衡时所产生的地转流(ur)与东、西边界反射所产生的地转流(ur)的方向在大部分时间里是相反的,同时ur与风应力强迫之间大约有9个月的滞后时间(Kelvin波从180°E出发经东边界反射产生的Rossby波到达180°E时间).在模式ENSO事件消亡过程中的某一时刻以后,边界反射产生的调整过程变为主要过程,u′主要由ur来决定,这样就造成了u′的反向先于Nio区SSTA的反向.它实际上是海洋的调整过程与风应力强迫之间滞后关系的一种反映.敏感性数值试验表明,取消东边界反射,耦合模式能够模拟ENSO循环,但其周期比控制试验的周期短一年(3年).取消-u′(δ)(T+T′)/(δ)x,耦合模式能够模拟ENSO循环,但其周期比控制试验的周期长2年(6年).  相似文献   

对苜蓿草地的影响及采取的相应措施     

哈斯  白美兰郭文 《内蒙古气象》2003,(2):31-32

根据内蒙古地区水资源的供需状况，对荒漠草原、典型草原、草甸草原、浑善达克沙地苜蓿草地及其产业化的发展进行分析研究，指出在合理利用水资源的情况下，提高苜蓿草地的产量和经济效益的措施。  相似文献   

Longitudinal Displacement of the Subtropical High in the Western Pacific in Summer and its Influence   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

YANG Hui  SUN Shuqing 《大气科学进展》2003,20(6):921-933

Using the relative vorticity averaged over a certain area, a new index for measuring the longitudinal position of the subtropical high (SH) in the western Pacific is proposed to avoid the increasing trend of heights in the previous indices based on geopotential height. The years of extreme westward and eastward extension of SH using the new index are in good agreement with those defined by height index. There exists a distinct difference in large-scale circulation between the eastward and westward extension of SH under the new definition, which includes not only the circulation in the middle latitudes but also the flow in the lower latitudes. It seems that when the SH extends far to the east (west), the summer monsoon in the South China Sea is stronger (weaker) and established earlier (later). In addition, there exists a good relationship between the longitudinal position of SH and the summer rainfall in China. A remarkable negative correlation area appears in the Changjiang River valley, indicating that when the SH extends westward (eastward), the precipitation in that region increases (decreases). A positive correlation region is found in South China, showing the decrease of rainfall when the SH extends westward. On the other hand, the rainfall is heavier when the SH retreats eastward. However, the anomalous longitudinal position of SH is not significantly related to the precipitation in North China. The calculation of correlation coefficients between the index of longitudinal position of SH and surface temperature in China shows that a large area of positive values, higher than 0.6 in the center, covers the whole of North China, even extending eastward to the Korean Peninsula and Japan Islands when using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data to do the correlation calculation. This means that when the longitudinal position of the SH withdraws eastward in summer, the temperature over North China is higher. On the other hand, when it moves westward, the temperature there is lower. This could explain the phenomenon of the seriously high temperatures over North China during recent summers, because the longitudinal position of SH in recent summers was located far away from the Asian continent. Another region with large negative correlation coefficients is found in South China.  相似文献