共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
Xiang-ChuYin Huai-ZhongYu V．Kukshenko Zhao-YongXu ZhishenWU MinLi KeyinPeng S．Elizarov QiLi张晖辉 颜玉定尹祥础 《世界地震译丛》2005,(2):36-43
为了验证大地震发生前或者非均匀脆性介质宏观破坏前加卸载响应比和能量加速释放等前兆现象，本文进行了三轴应力(压缩)条件下大尺度岩石破坏声发射实验。实验采用4组岩石试件，并且分为单调加载和循环加载两种方式。实验结果证明了脆性材料宏观破坏前加卸载响应比升高和能量加速释放这两种前兆现象。本文提出了一种描述岩石试件损伤演化的新的物理量——态矢量。 相似文献
2.
余怀忠） 尹祥础 ） 夏蒙棼 ） 许昭永） 李敏） 梁乃刚） 彭克银 ） Victor Kukshenko） Zhishen Wu）Qi Li） Surguei Elizarov 《地震学报》2004,26(7):122-130
按照临界点理论，在大地震或岩石等脆性材料破坏发生之前能量会加速释放（AER），这种加速过程呈幂律变化（power-law）. 本文通过大尺度岩石破裂声发射实验，对这一临界现象进行了研究. 实验分别采用3种岩石试件，并且实现了不同轴压加载历史以及三轴应力状态；实验利用声发射技术记录了微裂纹产生和扩展时所释放的弹性能（声发射）；实验结果证实了临界点理论，在不同的实验条件下，岩石材料在受压破坏之前弹性能会出现明显的加速释放过程. 本文还对使用AER预测中期地震进行了初步研究. 相似文献
3.
按照临界点理论 ,在大地震或岩石等脆性材料破坏发生之前能量会加速释放 (AER) ,这种加速过程呈幂律变化 (power law) .本文通过大尺度岩石破裂声发射实验 ,对这一临界现象进行了研究 .实验分别采用 3种岩石试件 ,并且实现了不同轴压加载历史以及三轴应力状态 ;实验利用声发射技术记录了微裂纹产生和扩展时所释放的弹性能 (声发射 ) ;实验结果证实了临界点理论 ,在不同的实验条件下 ,岩石材料在受压破坏之前弹性能会出现明显的加速释放过程 .本文还对使用AER预测中期地震进行了初步研究 . 相似文献
4.
1 研究背景
声发射是指岩石在受力过程中发生变形和破裂,其应变能释放所监测到的一种物理现象,而b值是表征地震震级—频度关系的参数,研究人员发现,b值具有非线性特征,且与岩石破裂过程密切相关.因此,利用岩石试件变形破坏过程中产生的声发射事件模拟地震,进而研究不同加载条件下岩石变形破坏过程中的声发射b值变化特征,可用于监测岩石受力破坏过程中内部预存微裂隙的活动状态,有助于揭示岩石损伤机理及岩石的破坏程度,也可作为岩石失稳预警参数,捕捉地震发生的前兆信息. 相似文献
5.
在实验室内，模拟了在构造应力和引潮力的共同作用下岩石失稳破裂的过程，记录了整个过程中不同应力条件下通过岩石样品的纵波波形曲线．以此为基础，分别在时间域和频率域计算了Ｐ波波列能量随应力的变化；并根据Ｑ值的定义，导出了接收到的波列的能量与岩石衰减Ｑ的关系式，从而计算出不同应力条件下相应的Ｑ值及其变化．利用加卸载响应比的定义，得到以Ｑ为响应参数时岩石系统的加卸载响应比随应力的变化曲线，其结果和响应比理论的预测相当吻合．因此认为，Ｑ值的加卸载响应比可以表征岩石系统的稳定程度，并可以用于预测岩石的非线性失稳． 相似文献
6.
在单轴应力条件下对不同应力变化过程岩石的声发射b值或m值进行了研究。所用的岩石为济南辉长岩和房山大理岩。实验的方式有三种:(1)重复加载实验;(2)递增加载实验;(3)应力增减实验。实验表明,应力减小过程的声发射b值比应力增加过程的声发射b值低。重复加载时声发射率显著下降但声发射b值变比不大,声发射b值对岩石的应力历史的记忆效应也不及声发射率的记忆效应明显。 相似文献
7.
态矢量方法的实验研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
在地震等灾变的发生之前，会出现一定的前兆现象。中通过实验方法对这些前兆现象之一的态矢量的异常变化进行了研究。实验使用声发射技术(Acoustic Emission)，对三轴应力条件下岩石试件内部微裂纹的产生和扩展进行了记录。实验结果表明在岩石试件最终破坏之前，表征态矢量的相关参量都发生了异常明显的变化，这表明态矢量的异常变化可以被用作为岩石等脆性材料灾变的前兆，使用态矢量方法可以对脆性材料的破坏乃至地震作出预测。 相似文献
8.
用数值模型来模拟和验证加卸载响应比（ＬＵＲＲＬｏａｄ／Ｕｎｌｏａｄ ＲｅｓｐｏｎｓｅＲａｔｉｏ）理论．编制非均匀各向异性材料宏细观损伤破坏程序,模拟固体材料在损伤破坏时的加卸载过程,证实了加卸载响应比理论的正确性．结果表明,ＬＵＲＲ这一反映地球介质临近破坏的指标,也可以用来预测材料的破坏．同时讨论了一些参数（如均匀程度和脆性程序）对ＬＵＲＲ的影响,发现材料越呈脆性,或越均匀,ＬＵＲＲ值上升得越晚,曲线越陡．该结果对用ＬＵＲＲ指标预测地震具有一定启发． 相似文献
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10.
为了验证Mora等人利用固体点阵模型研究加卸载响应比结果的统计稳定性，本文进行了统计实验。每种情况使用24组试件，每一个试件具有相同的宏观参数（潮汐扰动应力的振幅A、周期T、构造应力加载率k），但是粒子的排列方式不同。单轴压缩实验的结果表明：在灾变破坏发生以前的一定时间内，整体平均的加卸载响应比值明显升高，与大地震发生前观察到的加卸载响应比值异常升高是一致的。在剪切实验中，我们发现有两个参数控制着地震与潮汐应力的相关性。一个参数是A／（kT），该参数控制着最大地震率与扰动应力最大振幅的相角差。当该参数增加时，该相角差降低。另一个参数是AT／k，该参数控制着模型地震概率密度函数的高度。当这个参数增加时，概率密度函数变得又尖又狭窄，表明潮汐应力有很强的诱发作用。剪切实验中加卸载响应比的统计研究结果也表明，除了在潮汐诱发作用很强的情况下，卸载周期中数据缺乏导致加卸载响应比不能计算外，较大事件更容易出现在加卸载响应比的较高阶段，该结论更进一步支持加卸载响应比理论。 相似文献
11.
Yu Huaizhong Yin Xiangchu Liang Naigang Xia Mengfen Li Min Xu Zhaoyong Peng Keyin Victor Kukshenko Wu Zhishen Qi Li Surguei Elizarov 《中国地震研究》2003,17(3):227-235
Implementing acoustic emission experiments with large rock samples, LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) theory was studied. The loading conditions in the experiments were designed to simulate the complicated loading process of underground rocks. The damages emerging inside the rock samples were recorded by the acoustic emission technique during the loading process. The experimental results were consistent with prediction by LURR theory. Integrating the changing processes of LURR value Y and the location process of acoustic emission events showed agreement between the variation of LURR value Y and the damage evolution inside the rocks. Furthermore, the high value of Y emerged before the complete breakdown of materials. Therefore, the damage evolution of rock specimen can be quantitatively analyzed with LURR theory, thus the failure of the rock materials and the earthquake occurrence may be predicted. The experimental results gave a further verification of LURR theory. 相似文献
12.
Acoustic Emission Experiments of Rock Failure Under Load Simulating the Hypocenter Condition 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Hui-hui Zhang Xiang-chu Yin Nai-gang Liang Huai-zhong Yu Shi-yu Li Y. C. Wang C. Yin Victor Kukshenko Nikita Tomiline Surguei Elizarov 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(11-12):2389-2406
A series of acoustic emission (AE) experiments of rock failure have been conducted under cyclic load in tri-axial stress tests. To simulate the hypocenter condition the specimens are loaded by the combined action of a constant stress, intended to simulate the tectonic loading, and a small sinusoidal disturbance stress, analogous to the Earth tide induced by the Sun and the Moon. Each acoustic emission signal can indicate the occurrence time, location and relative magnitude of the damage (micro-crack) in the specimen. The experimental results verified some precursors such as LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) and AER (Accelerating Energy Release) before macro-fracture of the samples. A new parameter, the correlation between the AE and the load, has been proposed to describe the loading history. On the eve of some strong earthquakes the correlation between the Benioff strain and the Coulomb failure stress (CFS) decreases, similar to the variation of LURR prior to strong earthquakes. 相似文献
13.
Xiang-Chu Yin Huai-Zhong Yu Victor Kukshenko Zhao-Yong Xu Zhishen Wu Min Li Keyin Peng Surgey Elizarov Qi Li 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2004,161(11-12):2405-2416
— In order to verify some precursors such as LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) and AER (Accelerating Energy Release) before large earthquakes or macro-fracture in heterogeneous brittle media, four acoustic emission experiments involving large rock specimens under tri-axial stress, have been conducted. The specimens were loaded in two ways: monotonous or cycling. The experimental results confirm that LURR and AER are precursors of macro-fracture in brittle media. A new measure called the state vector has been proposed to describe the damage evolution of loaded rock specimens. 相似文献
14.
Introduction Earthquake is a kind of severe natural disaster. In order to predict earthquake effectively, thegeoscientists at home and abroad have carried out a great deal of studies on seismicity. For exam-ple,Willis, (1924) and Tocher (1959) made some early investigations on seismicity before largeearthquake. Chinese geoscientists performed even more studies in this field (CHEN, et al, 1981;HUANG, FENG, 1981; LIU, 1982; LU, 1985; LU, et al, 2001; MA, et al, 1982; MEI, 1960; … 相似文献
15.
Yu Huai-zhong Yin Xiang-chu Xia Meng-fen Xu Zhao-yong Li Min Liang Nai-gang Peng Ke-yin Victor Kukshenko Wu Zhi-shen Li Qi Surguei Elizarov 《地震学报(英文版)》2004,17(1):129-137
According to the critical point hypothesis (CPH), energy release would accelerate in power law before occurrence of large
earthquakes or failure of brittle materials. In the paper, CPH was studied by acoustic emission experiments of large-scale
rock samples. Three kinds of rock samples were used in the experiments. The tri-axial loading condition was applied under
different loading histories. The released elastic energy (Acoustic emission) was recorded with acoustic emission technique
as microcracks emerged and developed inside the rock samples. The experimental results gave a further verification on the
CPH. The elastic energy release of rock samples would accelerate before the failure even under different experimental conditions.
Primary studies were also made on medium-term earthquake prediction by using accelerating energy release (AER) in the paper.
Foundation item: Project of Natural Sciences Foundation of China (10232050), Project of State Key Basic Research (2002CB412706) and Project
of Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2002CB412706). 相似文献
16.
缺陷的演化繁衍与Kaiser效应函数 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
本文运用岩石的损伤理论,通过对岩石材料微元强度的统计分布假设,得到声发射积累N随应变ε的变化规律,并对于循环加载情形,给出了Kaiser效应函数的通式。文中还证明,声发射积累N的变化与损伤参量D具有一致性,得到了用声发射积累N描述的岩石本构关系。理论结果与实验资料吻合很好。 相似文献
17.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CHANGES OF ULTRASONIC CODA WAVE AND ACOUSTIC EMISSION DURING ROCK LOADING AND DEFORMATION 
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下载免费PDF全文 YANG Hai-ming CHEN Shun-yun LIU Pei-xun GUO Yan-shuang ZHUO Yan-qun QI Wen-bo 《地震地质》1979,42(3):715-731
The coda wave propagation path has received extensive attention as it is more sensitive to small changes in the medium than the direct wave. During the process of loading, the wave velocity, medium or source changes may cause the coda wave to change. The physical mechanism of change in the ultrasonic coda wave varies during different deformation stages. Meanwhile, there exist local damages in the rock sample during the deformation, and it will be accompanied by acoustic emission. Combining the ultrasonic coda wave and acoustic emission is beneficial to characterize the coda wave characteristics and damage degree of the sample at different deformation stages. In this paper, three kinds of rocks, including granodiorite, marble and sandstone with the sizes of 50mm×50mm×150mm, are used to carry out observations of ultrasonic coda wave and acoustic emission during the whole process of loading so as to study characteristics of the coda wave at different deformation stages. The major results are given below: 1)There is a good correspondence between the coda wave variation and the acoustic emission evolution process. When the acoustic emission frequency increases, the coda wave changes accordingly. In particular, the coda wave changes in the early stages of increased acoustic emission frequency, which indicates that the early damage information of rock can be obtained by analysis of the coda wave. 2)The physical mechanism of the coda wave change is different in different deformation stages. At the initial stage of loading, there are obvious scatterer changes in the coda wave change; then, in the linear elastic deformation stage, the wave velocity change is dominating; in the late-stage of loading, the scatterer change increases and coexists with the wave velocity change, the scatterer change effect is related with the rock micro-fracture degree, the rock will locally be damaged before rupturing, and the role of the scatterer will be enhanced. 3)With the increase of loading, the amplitude of increase of the wave velocity generally decreases gradually, which is basically consistent with the understanding obtained through the direct wave. The interference of acoustic emission can be eliminated because of the Kaiser effect when analyzing the coda wave. The consistency of the wave velocity change and stress loading and unloading is further verified. 4)The micro-fracture generated during rock deformation will change the physical mechanism of the coda wave change, and the scatterer effect will be significantly enhanced. At the same time, the acoustic emission waveform will cause interference to the ultrasonic coda wave. This means that attention needs to be paid when analyzing rock damage using only coda wave data. In short, the ultrasonic coda wave and acoustic emission can reflect the damage inside the rock, and the change mechanism of the coda wave in different deformation stages is different. The joint observation of the two can play a mutual verification role, which is conducive to improving the reliability of the observation results. 相似文献
18.
Wang Yucang Yin Xiangchu and Wang HaitaoLaboratory for Non-linear Mechanics of Continuous Media 《中国地震研究》1998,(4)
The load/unload experiments on rock failure under pressure have been carried out in Material Test System (MTS) in the Laboratory for Non-linear Mechanics of Continuous Media (LNM), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and load/unload response ratio (LURR) values with strain as response (i.e. inverse elastic constant as response rate) have been obtained. The experimental results are in accordance with theoretical results and those in real earthquakes: LURR rises just before rock failure. So LURR can be used as the precursor of rock failure and earthquake prediction. 相似文献
19.
本文利用两个频率通道同时接收花岗岩标本及石灰岩标本在不同单轴加压方式下的声发射信号,研究了从加压到破坏的整个形变过程中,不同频道接收到的声发射率的变化特征.发现在各种加压方式下,花岗岩和石灰岩在破坏前,由不同频率通道接收到的声发射率均急剧增长;而在破坏的瞬间,高频通道接收的声发射率增长快于较低频率通道的声发射率.这两点可用来预测岩石的破坏.声发射率随轴向应力的变化与加压方式有关.匀速加压,加压过程中保持一段时间恒压或降压均对应一定的声发射率状态.有可能通过追踪声发射情况,推测应力变化趋势. 相似文献