江淮流域夏季严重旱涝与大气季节内振荡   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

YANG Hui  LI Chongyin 《大气科学进展》2003,20(4):540-553

利用NCEP/NCAR的再分析资料和中国气象局国家气象中心提供的中国台站降水资料,分析研究了江淮流域大范围严重旱涝的20-70天大气季节内振荡(ISO)特征。结果表明,对应江淮流域严重涝年,200hPa青藏高原北部存在ISO气旋性环流,青藏高原南部存在ISO反气旋性环流;大气ISO流型在对流层中低层850hPa主要是我国长江以南、南海和西太平洋地区为大气ISO反气旋性环流,我国长江以北到日本地区的大气ISO气旋性环流,我国江淮流域位于这两个ISO涡旋西侧偏南气流和偏北气流的交汇处;旱年反之。利用向量经验正交展开方法得到,上述大气ISO环流型分别是旱涝年大气ISO流型的第一模态,并且涝年大气ISO流型的振幅强,旱年振幅弱。进一步分析揭示,严重洪涝(干旱)年分别对应对流层中上层江淮流域及其以北的中高纬度地区有强(弱)的大气ISO活动。中高纬度地区的大气ISO在严重洪涝年向南传播,与低纬度向北传播的大气ISO在江淮流域汇合;而在严重干旱年,虽然大气ISO可向北传播,但向南的传播却很不明显。  相似文献   

The Northward Shift of Climatic Belts in China During the Last 50 Years and the Corresponding Seasonal Responses   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29  

YE Duzheng  JIANG Yundi  DONG Wenjie 《大气科学进展》2003,20(6):959-967

Along the meridian of 105°E, the Chinese region are divided into two parts, east and west. The results show that in the east part of China the temperate extratropical belt, the warm extratropical belt,and the northern subtropical belt shift northward significantly, whereas the middle subtropical belt and the southern subtropical belt have less or no change. As for the northern subtropical belt, the maximal northward shift can reach 3.7 degrees of latitude. As for the warm extratropical belt, along the meridian of 120°-125°E, the maximal northward shift can reach 3-4 degrees. In the west part of China, each climatic belt changes little. Only in the Xinjiang area are the significant northward shifts. Correspondingly, it is found that in the last 50 years the traditional seasons have changed. For Beijing, Hailar, and Lanzhou, in general, summer becomes longer and winter shorter over the last 50 years. Summer begins early and ends late with respect to early 1950s. Contrary to the summer, winter begins la  相似文献   

The Influence of Vegetation Cover on Summer Precipitation in China： a Statistical Analysis of NDVI and Climate Data   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

ZHANG Jingyong  DONG Wenjie  FU Congbin  WU Lingyun 《大气科学进展》2003,20(6):1002-1006

This study provides new evidence for the feedback effects of vegetation cover on summer precipitation in different regions of China by calculating immediate (same season), and one-and two-season lagged correlations between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and summer precipitation. The results show that the correlation coefficients between NDVI in spring and the previous winter and precipitation in summer are positive in most regions of China, and they show significant difference between regions. The stronger one-and two-season lagged correlations occur in the eastern arid/semi-arid region, Central China,and Southwest China out of the eight climatic regions of China, and this implies that vegetation cover change has more sensitive feedback effects on summer precipitation in the three regions. The three regions are defined as sensitive regions. Spatial analyses of correlations between spring NDVI averaged over each sensitive region and summer precipitation of 160 stations suggest that the vegetation cover strongly affects summer precipitation not only over the sensitive region itself but also over other regions, especially the downstream region.  相似文献   

西宁市夏季不同下垫面温度特征分析     

杨莲 《青海气象》2003,(2):19-21,26

本文利用地处西宁市城区的省局大院观测点、甘里铺气象站、新宁广场、康乐新村4个不同地点、不同下垫面2002年7—9月的气象观测资料，探讨了城市内不同下垫面的气温特征及差异研究，并通过计算气温与不同下垫面数据进行相关分析，线性相关较好。因此通过气温经过订正后可预报不同下垫面和不同背景下的湿度，为高原城市气候深入研究、城市绿化布局、城市规划决策、城市生活环境改善等方面提供科学依据。  相似文献   

索马里急流的年际变化及其对半球间水汽输送和东亚夏季降水的影响   总被引：59，自引：8，他引：59       下载免费PDF全文

王会军  薛峰 《地球物理学报》2003,46(1):18-25

利用美国国家环境预报中心和美国国家大气科学研究中 心（NCEP/NCAR）再分析月平均气候资料以及Xie和Arkin分析的月平均降水资料（1968～199 8年），针对索马里低空急流（SMJ）的年际变化及其对东亚夏季降水的影响问题展开了分析 研究. 结果揭示，SMJ作为最主要的越赤道气流，对两个半球间水汽输送起最关键的作用， 它把水汽从冬半球输送到夏半球. 夏季SMJ的年际变化有全球范围内的环流异常与之相联系 ，特别是东亚沿岸的波列状异常分布、南亚高压以及澳大利亚以南的偶极型异常分布；它 也同春季的北印度洋等海区的海温异常有密切关系. 研究还表明，春季SMJ的年际变化对东 亚夏季降水和大气环流有显著影响，由于SMJ影响的超前性，因此它在东亚夏季气候预测上 有重要意义.  相似文献   

印度洋海温异常对印度季风、高原夏季降水的影响     

假拉  周顺武 《高原气象》2003,22(10):132-137

利用经验正交函数(EOF)对印度洋海表面温度距平(SSTA)进行分解，分析了印度洋海温场的时空分布特征，并通过合成分析、奇异值(SVD)分解等方法，结果表明，前期和同期的印度洋海表温度距平分布场与夏季高原降水相关显，西印度洋-非洲东海岸赤道地区的SSTA与高原夏季降水联系最密切；当春、夏季印度洋西部海温出现明显负(正)距平时，当年印度夏季风偏强(弱)，高原夏季降水普遍偏多(少)。  相似文献   

钦州市春季低温阴雨结束日期的预测方法研究     

姚学华 《广西气象》2003,24(1):33-34,57

利用模糊数学的原理，对钦州市春季低温阴雨结束期作模糊处理，用模糊数学方法选择预报因子，然后建立其多元回归模糊预测方程。  相似文献   

北太平洋海温异常对中国东北地区旱涝的影响   总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19  

孙力  安刚 《气象学报》2003,61(3):346-353

文中利用 196 1～ 2 0 0 0年中国东北地区 80个测站 4 0a的月降水和同一时期的北太平洋海温资料以及奇异值分解 (SVD)技术 ,分析了北太平洋海温异常对中国东北地区夏季旱涝的影响。结果表明 :东北地区夏季降水与北太平洋海温异常之间存在着较为密切的联系 ,当前期冬季和春季甚至是前一年夏季赤道中东太平洋海温如果处于异常偏暖 (或偏冷 )状态 ,并且西风漂流区具有较明显的SST负 (或正 )距平分布时 ,则东北大部分地区夏季降水具有整体偏多 (或偏少 )的倾向。当然 ,东北地区降水与北太平洋海温异常之间的这种联系也并非是简单的一一对应的关系  相似文献   

2002年冬季(12月～2003年2月)山东天气评述     

张飒 《山东气象》2003,23(1):46-47

利用山东省 2 0 0 2年 1 2月～ 2 0 0 3年 2月气温、降水资料和 5 0 0hPa月平均高度场和距平图 ,分析了今冬山东省雨雪、大雾频繁、降水偏多 ,前冷后暖的天气气候特点及其影响。  相似文献   

The Relation between Atmospheric Intraseasonal Oscillation and Summer Severe Flood and Drought in the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

杨辉  李崇银 《大气科学进展》2003,20(4):540-553

The intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) is studied during the severe flood and drought years of the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the precipitation data in China. The results show that the upper-level (200 hPa) ISO pattern for severe flood (drought) is charac-terized by an anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation over the southern Tibetan Plateau and a cyclonic (anti-cyclonic) circulation over the northern Tibetan Plateau. The lower-level (850 hPa) ISO pattern is char-acterized by an anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation over the area south of the Changjiang River, the South China Sea, and the Western Pacific, and a cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation from the area north of the Changjiang River to Japan. These low-level ISO circulation patterns are the first modes of the ISO wind field according to the vector EOF expansion with stronger amplitude of the EOF1 time coefficient in se-vere flood years than in severe drought years. The analyses also reveal that at 500 hPa and 200 hPa,the atmospheric ISO activity over the Changjiang-Huaihe River basin, North China, and the middle-high latitudes north of China is stronger for severe flood than for severe drought. The ISO meridional wind over the middle-high latitude regions can propagate southwards and meet with the northward propagating ISO meridional wind from lower latitude regions over the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin during severe flood years, but not during severe drought years.  相似文献