Seasonal Changes in Nitrogen, Free Amino Acids, and C/N Ratio in Mediterranean Seagrasses   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Helmut  Pirc Bernd  Wollenweber 《Marine Ecology》1988,9(2):167-179

Abstract. Seasonal changes in nitrogen, free amino acids, and carbon were investigated in the three Mediterranean seagrasses Posidonia oceanica, Cymodocea nodosa , and Zostera noltii. Leaves, rhizomes, roots, as well as dead plant material were analysed separately. Highest N-concentrations were obtained in the winter months, regardless of species or plant part. In contrast to the other two species, the N-content in Posidonia was higher in the rhizomes than in the leaves.
In the investigated species, marked differences in the free amino acid (FAA) composition were detected between species: Proline, lacking in Posidonia , was the main component in Cymodocea. In Posidonia , FAA decreased from 320umol g^-1 (dry wt) in leaf sheaths to 1.5 umol g^-1 (dry wt) in the leaf tips. The function of proline as a possible storage and/or stress metabolite is discussed.
High C/N values in dead P. oceanica and C. nodosa rhizomes as well as in P. oceanica wrack seem to be related to considerable resistance to decomposition. Low C/N ratios did not increase in detached C. nodosa and Z. noltii leaves, which began to decompose shortly after detachment from the plants.  相似文献   

Interannual to diurnal variability in the near-surface scattering layer in Drake Passage     

Chereskin  T. K.; Tarling  G. A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(9):1617-1626

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Natural expansion and experimental manipulation of seagrass (Zostera spp.) abundance and the response of infaunal invertebrates     

Paul G. Harrison 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1987,24(6)

A study of an expanding seagrass bed on the south-west coast of British Columbia, Canada involved documentation and explanation of the pattern of expansion of the vegetation as well as documentation and experimental investigation of the accompanying changes in the distribution of infaunal invertebrates. Expansion followed a major environmental change, improved water clarity initiated in 1969 when a causeway blocked access to the site for silty Fraser River water. The original eelgrass (Zostera marina) bed expanded landward over 30 m year⁻¹, probably causing more and more water to be retained in the bed at low tide and thus improving its own habitat. More rapid expansion occurred from 1979–1983 after Z.japonica colonized at the landward edge of the eelgrass bed and in a separate intertidal area. Expansion ceased around 1983 coincident with, but probably independent of, further construction.Burrowing shrimp (Callianassa californiensis) decreased in abundance between 1977 and 1984 in areas where the two seagrasses colonized. Short-term experiment over one summer and fall showed that removal of all shoots allowed adult shrimp and tube worms to colonize the sediment while addition of shoots of Z. japonica by transplanting caused temporary decreases in shrimp abundance. After a few weeks an established shrimp population destroyed the transplants. Among reasonable alternate hypotheses for the decline in Callianassa, the effect of sediment texture can be eliminated, but either direct negative effects of seagrass, i.e. inhibition of the burrowing of adult shrimp or of settlement of juveniles, or indirect effects, i.e. the harboring of more predators of shrimp in seagrass beds, deserve further study.  相似文献   

Long-term changes in summer phytoplankton communities of the open northern Baltic Sea   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

Sanna Suikkanen  Maria Laamanen  Maija Huttunen 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,71(3-4):580-592

Changes in the biomass and species composition of phytoplankton may reflect major shifts in environmental conditions. We investigated relationships between the late summer biomass of different phytoplankton taxa and environmental factors, and their long-term (1979–2003) trends in two areas of the Baltic Sea, the northern Baltic proper (NBP) and the Gulf of Finland (GF), with statistical analyses. An increasing trend was found in late summer temperature and chlorophyll a of the surface water layer (0–10 m) in both areas. There was also a significant decrease in summer salinity and an increase in winter dissolved inorganic nitrogen to phosphorus (DIN:DIP) ratio in the NBP, as well as increases in winter DIN concentrations and DIN:SiO₄ ratio in the GF. Simultaneously, the biomass of chrysophytes and chlorophytes increased in both areas. In the NBP, also the biomass of dinophytes increased and that of euglenophytes decreased, whereas in the GF, cyanobacteria increased and cryptophytes decreased. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that summer temperature and winter DIN concentration were the most important factors with respect to changes in the phytoplankton community structure. Thus, the phytoplankton communities seem to reflect both hydrographic changes and the ongoing eutrophication process in the northern Baltic Sea.  相似文献   

福建红树林区海藻的分布及季节变化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

刘维刚  林益明  陈贞奋  林鹏 《海洋学报》2001,23(3):78-86

主要研究了福建省3个红树林区的海藻不同滩面分布的情况、海藻种类组成的季节变化以及不同季节的海藻群落类型.研究表明:(1)福建红树林区海藻在不同滩面分布表现出,红藻较喜荫蔽潮湿的环境,而绿藻适生在光照条件较好生境.(2)由福建红树林区各门海藻种类组成的季节变化来看,蓝藻种数在一年四季没有明显变化规律,红藻四季种数变化幅度不大,而绿藻在不同季节种数有明显变化,春季种数最多,进入夏季后种数逐渐减少,到秋、冬季后种数又开始上升,到第2年春季又达到最多.(3)不同季节福建红树林区海藻群落类型中,优势种主要是红藻,以及一些绿藻.  相似文献   

Mid-Holocene evolution and paleoenvironments of the shoreface–offshore transition, north-eastern Argentina: New evidence based on benthic microfauna     

Cecilia Laprida  Natalia García Chapori  Roberto A. Violante  Rosa H. Compagnucci   《Marine Geology》2007,240(1-4):43-56

A sedimentary record spanning 5792–5511 cal yr BP and 3188–2854 cal yr BP was recovered at 36° 45′ 43″ S–56 ° 37′ 13″ W, south-west South Atlantic. The sedimentological features and micropaleontological (benthic foraminifera and ostracoda) content were analyzed in order to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions. Considerable environmental fluctuations are indicated by all these proxies. Five different stages were distinguished: Stage 1 (ca. 5800–5000 cal yr BP) consists of muddy sand with abundant microfossils. In this interval, species typical for inner marine shelf environments maintained a high abundance. Stage 2 consists of plastic light greenish grey clays barren of microfossils, and probably represents fluvial input from the de la Plata River to the shelf contemporaneous of a lowering of sea level. Stage 3 is composed of brownish yellow sandy silts, and represents increasing marine conditions in the area as reflected by higher faunal diversity and typical foraminifera of inner shelf environments. Stage 4 is made of homogeneous mud, barren of microfossil, which represents a new pulse of fluvial input to the shelf in consequence of a new fall in sea level. The final part of the core (Stage 5) is a coarsening upward sequence, grading from greeny brown clayey sandy silts to coarse shelly sands and represents the modern sedimentation in the area. This interpretation strengthens the stepped model of late-Holocene sea-level fall between 5511–5792 cal yr BP and 2854–3188 cal yr BP in Buenos Aires coast, and agrees with the relative sea-level history previously proposed by some authors from western South Atlantic coasts.  相似文献   

华南沿海地区全新世海平面变化特征     

李建生 《海洋科学》1994,18(3):68-71

１海平面变化特征１．１全新世中期海侵根据地层中所含硅藻属种雷州半岛海康南田乡一１５ｍ钻孔岩芯，含有丰富的硅藻，主要属种是①：具槽直链藻（Ｍｅｌｏｓｉｒａ　ｓｕｌｃａｔａ（Ｅｈｒ）Ｋｕｔｚ）、范氏回箱藻（Ｐｙｘｉｃｌｉｃｕｌａ　ｗｅｙｐｒｅｃｈｔｉｉＧｒｕｎ）、条纹小环藻（Ｃｙｃｌｏｔｅｌｌａｓｔｒｉａｔａ（Ｋｕｔｚ）Ｇｒｕｎ）、流水双菱藻（ＳｕｒｉｒｅｌｌａｆｌｕｍｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＧｒｕｎ）。上述硅藻主要是海相生活属种，今日南田乡已距离海岸线５ｋｍ。徐闻海安西侧一１８．５ｍ钻孔岩芯中的硅藻除上述属…  相似文献   

“3S”技术在四川生态环境动态监测中的应用研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

郑泽忠  范东明  夏清  邵怀勇  曹云刚 《测绘科学》2008,33(3):165-166

为有效实现四川省生态环境的动态监测,运用RS、GIS和GPS技术,以2004年中巴资源卫星(CBERS-02)遥感影像数据为信息源,2000年TM遥感影像解译的数据为基础,对2004年遥感影像进行解译,修改2000年数据库;手持GPS接收机,在野外对解译成果进行验证,更新数据库;利用GIS技术的空间分析功能,提取出2000～2004年期间土地利用/覆被变化信息,得到2000～2004年期间四川省高精度的土地利用/覆被变化数据库。最后对四川省土地利用/覆被变化信息进行分析,对四川省生态环境的下一步研究指名了方向。  相似文献   

青藏高原甜水海盆地MIS 3阶段湖泊沉积与环境变化   总被引：23，自引：20，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李世杰  张宏亮  施雅风  朱照宇 《第四纪研究》2008,28(1):122-131

青藏高原西北部甜水海盆地地处内陆干旱区和喀喇昆仑山的东侧雨影区,气候环境极端干旱。但多次考察结果揭示晚更新世时期存在着大湖和高湖面的地质证据。为了探讨该地区过去气候与环境的演变历史,在甜水海盆地(海拔4840m)进行钻探采得沉积岩芯56.32m(TS95),通过对沉积岩芯其中一段的粒度、生物、同位素及地球化学多指标综合分析,探讨了MIS3时期甜水海地区气候环境演化过程。沉积岩芯显示沉积物岩性变化频繁,记录着湖面多次波动、沉积环境多变的演化过程,分别在59～56kaB.P.,49～47kaB.P.,45～41kaB.P.,35.5～34.0kaB.P.和28～25kaB.P.期间存在高湖面和湖水稀释。在其多环境指标的记录中,Heinrich事件和D-O旋回均有反映,揭示了全球变化信号在研究区的响应。同时,不同高湖面阶段内部环境波动也较明显,差别较大,其产生原因也各有不同,归结为3种情况:1)由于气候变暖导致冰雪融水补给增加而产生的高湖面;2)由于冷湿气候导致的高湖面;和3)由于暖湿气候导致的高湖面。本研究揭示出了MIS3时期气候频繁波动的特征和气候的不稳定性。  相似文献   

黑河流域水环境演变及其驱动机制研究进展   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

肖生春  肖洪浪 《地球科学进展》2008,23(7):748-755

基于近几十年来诸多学者对西北干旱区典型内陆河流域——黑河流域水环境演变诸方面研究成果,综述了上游山区成水环境、中游绿洲用水环境和下游荒漠天然绿洲水成环境在不同时间尺度上的演变过程及其驱动机制。通过对各种古环境代用指标的对比研究表明：在大尺度上,流域上下游表现出阶段性的一致性水环境演变趋势;在小尺度上,则表现水环境演变的时空异质性。驱动机制方面,在空间上,流域上、中、下游水环境演变的气候变化和人类活动影响驱动作用各有侧重;在时间上,表现为不同尺度上气候变化与流域人类活动耦合作用的驱动机制。  相似文献