Export Production in the Subarctic North Pacific over the Last 800 kyrs: No Evidence for Iron Fertilization?     

Stephanie S. Kienast  Ingrid L. Hendy  John Crusius  Tom F. Pedersen  Stephen E. Calvert 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(1):189-203

The subarctic North Pacific is a high nitrate-low chlorophyll (HNLC) region, where phytoplankton growth rates, especially those of diatoms, are enhanced when micronutrient Fe is added. Accordingly, it has been suggested that glacial Fe-laden dust might have increased primary production in this region. This paper reviews published palaeoceanographic records of export production over the last 800 kyrs from the open North Pacific (north of ∼35°N). We find different patterns of export production change over time in the various domains of the North Pacific (NW and NE subarctic gyres, the marginal seas and the transition zone). However, there is no compelling evidence for an overall increase in productivity during glacials in the subarctic region, challenging the paradigm that dust-born Fe fertilization of this region has contributed to the glacial draw down of atmospheric CO₂. Potential reasons for the lack of increased glacial export production include the possibility that Fe-fertilization rapidly drives the ecosystem towards limitation by another nutrient. This effect would have been exacerbated by an even more stable mixed layer compared to today. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

两类（反）El　Nio年与热带风暴活动的初步分析     

姚建群 《海洋预报》1995,(3)

本文分析了两类（反）ＥＩＮｉｎｏ年１９４９～１９８８年西北太平洋热带风暴活动的气候特点，包括热带风暴生成数和登陆数、风暴生成位置及路径，并讨论了其与太平洋副热带高压的关系。分析结果表明，在ＥＩＮｉｎｏⅠ类年，１０５°～１１９．９°Ｅ经度范围内的热带风暴生成数偏多，而１２０°～１７９．９°Ｅ范围内的风暴生成数偏少；风暴生成位置偏西、偏北；移动趋势多转向路径而少西行路径；另外，登陆我国的热带风暴数也偏多，此时，副高脊线偏南，西伸脊点偏东，强度及面积指数均偏弱，Ⅱ类年则相反。同样，分析反ＥＩＮｉｎｏⅠ、Ⅱ类年亦可得到类似的结果。  相似文献   

Atmospheric correction for China''s coastal water color remote sensing   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

Pan Delu  Mao Zhihua 《海洋学报(英文版)》2001,20(3):343-354

INTRODUcrIONMeasurements from satellite have demonstrated that space sensor can be applied to measurethe sPectra of water-leaving radiance and proven that ocean color remote sensing is a powerfultcol for understanding oceanic, biological and physical processes. One sPecial ocean color satel-lite heaStar was successfully launched in August l997. It has brought to oceanOgraphers a wel-comed and improvd renewal of the ocean color of CZCS, VHRSR and arS. ffeaWiFS con-tributes much bette…  相似文献   

青岛地区大气沉降物中碳水化合物初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张再峰  任素梅  张经 《海洋科学》1994,18(3):49-53

青岛地区大气沉降物中溶解态碳水化合物平均浓度为３．３ｍｇ／Ｌ，明显高于河水与海水。１９９１年６－１２月ＤＣＨＯ通过大气向海洋输送的通量为８４０．９ｍｇ／ｍ＾２，ＤＣＨＯ浓度与降雨量呈岁相关，且ＤＣＨＯ浓度及沉降量的季节变化明显。酸雨使得ＤＣＨＯ浓度升高，改变了碳水化合物在液固相间的分配。  相似文献   

基于国际大气化学—气候模式比较计划模式数据评估未来气候变化对中国东部气溶胶浓度的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘瑞金  廖宏  常文渊  张天航  靳少非 《大气科学》2017,41(4):739-751

气候变化引起的地面气溶胶浓度变化与区域空气质量密切相关。本文利用“国际大气化学—气候模式比较计划”（Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project, ACCMIP）中4个模式的试验数据分析了RCP8.5情景下2000~2100年气候变化对中国气溶胶浓度的影响。结果显示,在人为气溶胶排放固定在2000年、仅考虑气候变化的影响时,2000~2100年气候变化导致中国北部地区（31°N~45°N, 105°E~122°E）硫酸盐、有机碳和黑碳气溶胶分别增加28%、21%和9%,硝酸盐气溶胶在中国东部地区减少30%。气候变化对细颗粒物（PM_2.5）浓度的影响有显著的季节变化特征,冬季PM_2.5浓度在中国东部减少15%,这主要是由硝酸盐气溶胶在冬季的显著减少造成的;夏季PM_2.5浓度在中国北部地区增加16%,而长江以南地区减少为9%,这可能与模式模拟的未来东亚夏季风环流的增强有关。  相似文献   

2013年长江中下游地区夏季高温事件的环流特征及成因   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

夏扬  徐海明 《气象科学》2017,37(1):60-69

采用ERA-interim和NCEP CFSR逐日再分析资料以及长江中下游29个测站的逐日温度资料,分析了2013年7月23日-8月14日长江中下游地区夏季异常高温的特点、环流特征及成因。研究结果表明,2013年夏季高温期间西太平洋副热带高压较往年异常偏强,西太平洋副热带高压控制区内大范围异常下沉运动产生的大气绝热加热是高温形成的主要原因。同时,与强大西太平洋副热带高压相联系的异常强大反气旋环流使得长江中下游地区上空的水汽向东北方向大量输出,导致了该区域水汽含量的减少,致使到达地面的太阳短波辐射增加,这是高温形成的又一原因。进一步分析表明,2013年夏季海洋性大陆地区大气热源异常偏强,该地区大气热源的异常增强可能是导致2013年夏季西太平洋副热带高压异常偏强的主要原因。  相似文献   

沿海海—气界面的化学物质交换   总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18  

高原 Duce  RA 《地球科学进展》1997,12(6):553-563

沿海海－气界面化学物质的交换对生物地球化学循环起着十分重要的作用。大气沉降过程是化学物质进入沿海区域的重要途径之一。物质平衡估算的结果指出，在某些沿海区域，经由大气输入的若干痕量物质的总量几乎相当于河流的输入量，有的甚至更多。大气沉降作用是一些沿海区域氮化物的重要来源，并与富营养化有紧密关系。  相似文献   

OH(6–2) spectra and rotational temperature measurements at Davis, Antarctica     

P. A. Greet  W. J. R. French  G. B. Burns  P. F. B. Williams  R. P. Lowe  K. Finlayson 《Annales Geophysicae》1997,16(1):77-89

The OH(6 – 2) band was monitored during 1990 at Davis, Antarctica (68.6°S, 78.0°E) using a Czerny-Turner scanning spectrometer. Spectra obtained with a 0.15-nm bandwidth and wavelength steps of 0.005 nm have been recorded in an attempt to isolate auroral features. This has enabled detailed study of weak features in the region 837.5–855.5nm. These weak features can contribute to the apparent intensity of P-branch lines and to the background. Their presence is allowed for in our calculation of rotational temperature, but the P₁ (3) line is excluded because of significant contamination. An average temperature of 221 ± 2K is obtained from a selected data set of 104 spectra. The mid-winter average temperature, for the months of May, June and July, is 224 ± 2K, which is consistent with the 1986 CIRA model values for mid-winter at this height and latitude, but this result is dependent on the choice of transition probabilities. Preliminary assessments of seasonal and diurnal variations in rotational temperature and intensity are presented.  相似文献   

大气边界层物理学的研究进展和面临的科学问题   总被引：26，自引：3，他引：26  

张强  胡隐樵 《地球科学进展》2001,16(4):526-532

回顾了大气边界层物理学的发展历史，总结了该领域国际上目前所取得的主要研究进展，提出国内外在未来大气边界层物理学研究方面可能面临的一些主要科学问题，还对未来大气边界层物理学的发展方向提出若干建议，同时也指出了大气边界层物理学研究在思想和方法上应该注意的一些相关问题。  相似文献   

Low energy γ-ray events in imaging Čerenkov telescope arrays     

F. Krennrich  R. C. Lamb 《Experimental Astronomy》1995,6(3):285-292

One of the major goals in VHE--ray astronomy is to open the energy range below 100 GeV with earthbound detectors. This paper demonstrates a new method for analyzing erenkov light of a shower in a erenkov telescope array. This method is successful for showers in this low energy regime where previous techniques (e.g. alpha analysis) are not applicable. A Monte Carlo simulation is applied to a system of 19 Whipple type [3, Cawley 1990] Imaging Atmospheric erenkov telescopes (IAT), each built as a 10 m diameter reflector and equipped with a 109 photomultiplier tube camera. The energy threshold for a single detector of this type is given [5, Kerrick et al. 1995] as 250 GeV. Analysis of simulated coincident events of the system for those events not having enough light to apply a standard imaging analysis [4, Hillas 1985], leads to a considerably lower threshold of 85 GeV. With a new analysis method of these events it is shown that it should be possible to distinguish between -ray induced and proton induced showers. The improvement of sensitivity (Q = figure of merit) of this analysis method is found to be Q=2.9.  相似文献