三维地质建模软件发展现状及问题探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李青元  张丽云  魏占营 《江苏地质》2013,37(4):554-561

分析了三维地质建模软件可以明显地提高工作效率与工程质量,建立勘探区的三维地质模型,检查原始数据的正确性,通过各种“虚拟切割”手段检查各种地质要素间的相互关系。探讨了三维地质建模软件开发中所存在的几个问题,包括软件开发团队应适时转为公司机制,审慎选择开源工具,三维地质建模的三维模型数据标准,在勘探规范中增加三维地质建模要求,二、三维联动编辑,选准产品的用户群的与盈利模式等。  相似文献   

Dipping-interface Mapping Using Mode-separated Rayleigh Waves     

Yinhe Luo  Jianghai Xia  Yixian Xu  Chong Zeng  Richard D. Miller  Qingsheng Liu 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2009,166(3):353-374

Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method is a non-invasive geophysical technique that uses the dispersive characteristic of Rayleigh waves to estimate a vertical shear (S)-wave velocity profile. A pseudo-2D S-wave velocity section is constructed by aligning 1D S-wave velocity profiles at the midpoint of each receiver spread that are contoured using a spatial interpolation scheme. The horizontal resolution of the section is therefore most influenced by the receiver spread length and the source interval. Based on the assumption that a dipping-layer model can be regarded as stepped flat layers, high-resolution linear Radon transform (LRT) has been proposed to image Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy and separate modes of Rayleigh waves from a multichannel record. With the mode-separation technique, therefore, a dispersion curve that possesses satisfactory accuracy can be calculated using a pair of consecutive traces within a mode-separated shot gather. In this study, using synthetic models containing a dipping layer with a slope of 5, 10, 15, 20, or 30 degrees and a real-world example, we assess the ability of using high-resolution LRT to image and separate fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves from raw surface-wave data and accuracy of dispersion curves generated by a pair of consecutive traces within a mode-separated shot gather. Results of synthetic and real-world examples demonstrate that a dipping interface with a slope smaller than 15 degrees can be successfully mapped by separated fundamental waves using high-resolution LRT.  相似文献   

复杂构造三维地震观测系统设计的共聚焦分辨率分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

魏伟  符力耘  蒋韬 《地球物理学报》2009,52(5):1310-1317

三维地震观测系统共聚焦分辨率特性分析突破传统以点论证为基础的观测系统分辨率分析方法,面向地质目标定量预测三维观测系统地震成像的空间分辨率和振幅精度.基于Fourier有限差分（FFD）大步长波场延拓和Born-Kirchhoff小步长波场插值递推方法,本文介绍了一种复杂介质条件下三维地震观测系统共聚焦分辨率特性快速分析方法.对给定的速度模型,该方法能够分析拟采用的三维地震观测系统设计方案对复杂构造的成像分辨率与AVP属性,从而为进一步的偏移成像与储层分析提供保证.最后本文以SEG/EAGE三维盐丘模型为例设计满覆盖为16次的三维地震观测系统,并实施三维共聚焦分辨率特性分析.  相似文献   

基于三维模拟的海洋CSEM资料处理   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

何展翔  王志刚  孟翠贤  孙喜明  胡晓颖  许建华 《地球物理学报》2009,52(8):2165-2173

海洋可控源电磁法已经成为海洋油气勘探一个重要工具,但是其资料处理和解释还处于定性和一维模拟阶段.在积分方程三维模拟的基础上对Troll油田实测数据进行了处理,采用人机交互三维模拟寻找背景模型和异常体初始模型,最后对异常体电阻率采用准线性近似快速反演,取得了定量的结果.同时,说明对于二维测线和二维模型依然可以用三维来模拟,其结果优于二维反演.在电子计算机技术快速发展的今天,可以预计三维反演将成为资料处理解释的主流.  相似文献   

多极子随钻声波测井波场模拟与采集模式分析   总被引：16，自引：9，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

王华  陶果  王兵  李卫  张绪健 《地球物理学报》2009,52(9):2402-2409

应用三维非均匀交错网格有限差分程序模拟了多极子随钻声波测井的波场,考察了硬地层中单极子随钻声波测井响应及软地层中声源频率对多极子随钻声波测井的影响;计算了接收阵列波形的时域相干谱及频散特征,结果表明随钻测井仪器居中时,在硬地层中可以直接利用单极子声系得到地层横波速度,但地层纵波受到钻铤波的极大干扰.而在软地层中可以利用单极子声系直接测得地层纵波速度,但地层横波速度则需要使用工作在较低频率下的四极子随钻声波仪来测得,此时测井频段又会落入钻井噪声频带而受到影响.为此本文提出数值模拟手段结合物理实验的方法得到钻铤波的影响,在实际测井中通过信号处理方法而不是用在仪器本体上刻槽的方式来更完全地消除钻铤的影响.为了避免钻井噪声的影响,本文提出六极子随钻声波仪更适合软地层的横波测量.本文用数值实验结果来说明这些方法的可行性.  相似文献   

Google Earth在地震应急中的应用   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

陈强  姜立新  帅向华 《地震》2008,28(1):121-128

Google Earth是当前非常流行的三维虚拟地球仪软件, 以在全球范围内提供丰富的遥感影像资源而著称, 得到了许多行业的普遍应用。 我国目前地震应急指挥工作的GIS数据还是以二维展示为主, 引入新技术具有重要的意义。 Google Earth在我国的地震应急指挥工作中可以采取如下应用方案: 制作并加载行政区划图, 发布公众地震信息; 与GPS结合, 进行救援路线导航与跟踪; 根据现场资料建立三维模型, 展现地震灾区现场立体场景变化。 该应用方案对我国的地震应急指挥改革具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Large vesicles record pathways of degassing at basaltic volcanoes   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Margherita Polacci  Don R. Baker  Liping Bai  Lucia Mancini 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2008,70(9):1023-1029

Volcanic degassing is directly linked to magma dynamics and controls the style of eruptive activity. To better understand how gas is transported within basaltic magma we perform a 3D investigation of vesicles preserved in scoria from the 2005 activity at Stromboli volcano (Italy). We find that clasts are characterized by the ubiquitous occurrence of one to a few large vesicles, exhibiting mostly irregular, tortuous, channel-like textures, orders of magnitude greater in volume than all the other vesicles in the sample. We compare observations on natural samples with results from numerical simulations and experimental investigations of vesicle size distributions and demonstrate that this type of vesicle invariably forms in magmas with vesicularities > 0.30 (and possibly > 0.10). We suggest that large vesicles represent pathways used by gas to flow non-explosively to the surface and that they indicate the development of an efficient system that sustains persistent degassing in basaltic systems.  相似文献   

An external–internal mode coupling for a 3D hydrodynamical model for applications at regional scale (MARS)     

Pascal Lazure  Franck Dumas 《Advances in water resources》2008

This paper presents a 3D model in sigma coordinates. Although the principles it is based on have been established for some time, some original aspects for this type of 3D mode splitting model are presented here. The model was designed to simulate flows in various coastal areas from the regional scale down to the inshore scale of small bays or estuaries where circulation is generally driven by a mix of processes. The processes to be modeled enable simplifications of the Navier–Stokes equations on the classic Boussinesq and hydrostatic hypotheses. These equations are transformed within a sigma framework to make free surface processing easier. The main point of our demonstration focuses on the original aspect of the coupling between barotropic and baroclinic modes especially designed for ADI. It explains how full consistency of the transport calculated within the 2D and 3D equation sets was obtained. Lastly, we describe the physical processes simulated on a realistic configuration at a regional scale in the Bay of Biscay.  相似文献   

2D equivalent linear site effect simulation: example applications to two deep valleys     

Corinne Lacave  Pierre-Yves Bard  Marc Kham  Martin G. Koller 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2008,6(2):197-211

In the framework of the Sismovalp European project, an equivalent linear 2D code was developed to compute the response of a valley to SH waves, using the discrete wave-number method proposed by Aki and Larner (Aki K, Larner KL (1970) J Geophys Res 75:5). To overcome the frequency upper bound limitation, the Aki and Larner’s method is combined with a one-dimensional computation using a classical multi-layer method (Aki K, Richards PG (1980) Quantitative Seismology: Theory and Methods, vols. 1 & 2. W.H. Freeman & Co, San Francisco). The so-called “Aki–Larner extended method” is associated to an iterative algorithm, as proposed by Seed and Idriss (Seed HB, Idriss IM (1969) Report No. EERC 70–10, Earthquake Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, California) which accounts for the modulus and damping degradation using a linear visco-elastic model. A comparison of the results in the linear and the equivalent linear cases, for a magnitude 6.0 earthquake, shows that the account for the equivalent linear behaviour of the soil significantly reduces the amplification level, especially at frequencies higher than the fundamental resonance frequency of the site. In the case of site effects or microzonation studies devoted to produce design spectra for engineering structures, this can have a major impact on the associated results and costs, depending on the frequency of interest for the considered structure. As a first application of the developed technique, 2D equivalent linear Aki–Larner computations are used to perform the seismic microzonation study of the upper Rhone valley, in the Visp area (Switzerland), a typical 2D alpine valley. These investigations made it possible to determine site specific spectra, associated with different zones, to be used instead of the code spectra that do not take into account the local 2D amplification.  相似文献   

基于四面体格网的三维地质体建模算法     

苏幸  黄临平  林孝成  陈载林 《煤田地质与勘探》2008,36(1):5-8,13

构建真三维模型是地质学、三维GIS、科学可视化及工程应用领域共同关心的课题。提出了基于TEN的三维离散数据的构模,详细说明了从离散的三维初始数据点建Delaunay四面体格网的算法和步骤。算例表明,该算法能够较好地生成任意形状三维地质体。   相似文献