Preconditioning and ozone hole filling in the Antarctic Spring     

V. N. R. Mukku 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,136(2-3):211-216

The temporal variations in mean zonal wind, horizontal temperature gradient at 30 mb and Total Ozone in Antarctic Spring (1 Sept.–30 Nov.) for nine seasons (1979–1987) were examined. The ozone hole filling commenced when the zonal flow decelerated to 50–58 m.sec^–1 at 30 mb. Our calculation of Rossby critical wave number with vertical shear suited for Antarctic Spring indicated that flow is preconditioned for vertical propagation of Rossby critical wave number two at this range of zonal flow. This preconditioning can be attributed to the diabatic heating in the Antarctic Spring since no sudden minor warmings/coolings have occurred during the period.  相似文献   

冬季对流层下半部温度场的遥相关及与下垫面加热异常的关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴洪宝 《南京气象学院学报》1992,(1)

本文利用1000—500hPa厚度资料分析研究了北半球中高纬地区对流层下半部冬季气温异常的水平结构及与下垫面加热异常的关系。研究表明,欧亚大陆腹地气温异常的强度和水平范围最大,该区域异常暖时,欧洲西北部和亚洲东部沿海异常冷,低纬太平洋中部、北美西岸和大西洋中部异常暖,反之亦然。20-110°W北极区海冰范围是影响这种分布形势的可能因素之一。  相似文献   

控制碰撞造山带热异常形成的主要因素及其地质作用分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛爱民 《地球物理学进展》1992,(3)

本文对剥蚀、逆冲断层剪切摩擦和放射性物质富集等因素对造山带热结构和热演化的影响进行了模拟计算以及定量分析,并对热异常与造山带内的若干地质现象之间的关系进行了讨论.在剪切生热模型的计算中考虑了逆冲断层的速度变化及其对热结构的影响,考察了断裂宽度与热结构之间的关系.计算中还考虑了两种热剪切计算模式,即:(1)瞬间推覆就位模式;(2)非瞬间推覆就位模式.从计算与讨论中得出如下认识:造山带后期的剥蚀使整个岩石层加热;剪切摩擦使壳内局部地区升温;放射性物质的富集主要使上部岩石层产生热异常.三者联合作用的结果使岩石层大幅度升温,从而形成造山带内部大范围的与其它地区不同的高温异常以及独特的地质特征.通过计算和讨论,文中认为:重熔型花岗岩和大量的构造岩是造山带内逆断层剪切作用的产物;与逆断层呈平行排列的拉张正断层是造山带在诸因素作用下升温,然后又经剥蚀,物质发生热收缩的结果.在造山带演化后期出现的这种拉张正断层代表造山带解体和向盆地转化的构造面貌.  相似文献   

对称不稳定的非线性问题和对称型重力惯性波的非线性周期解   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

赵瑞星 《大气科学》1994,18(4):437-441

本文利用密度的空间分布不均匀性引入非线性项，从准动量无辐散模式出发导出了一个自治的二阶非线性系统，应用这个系统讨论了非线性项对对称不稳定以及对称型重力惯性波非线性周期解的作用。从本系统的一次近似系统可得到类似Hoskins于1974年得到的结论，同样可导出对称不稳定的位涡判据。由于本系统是一有限次的非线性系统，故应用Poincare形式级数法可证明非线性周期解的存在性，并可求得周期解的一系列近似解。  相似文献   

夏季南海－菲律宾上空低频热源对东亚环流影响的数值试验     

姚永红  何金海  徐海明 《南京气象学院学报》1994,(4)

采用钱永甫ｐ－σ五层坐标原始方程模式，研究南海－菲律宾地区上空的低频热源对不亚大气环流的影响。结果表明，当低频热源处于加热位相时，对流层上层澳大利亚上空西风加强，对流层低层１２０°Ｅ处越赤道气流增强，副高位置偏北，此时低层，东南风影响我国东部沿海地区的降水；冷却位相时，对流层上层澳大利亚上空西风减弱，对流层低层越赤道气流减弱，副高位置偏南，此时低层西南风造成我国东部沿海的降水。  相似文献   

非绝热加热对冷锋锋生过程影响的比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

农尚尧  吕克利  钱滔滔 《大气科学》1994,18(Z1):868-878

本文利用半地转模式研究了非绝热加热对冷锋锋生过程的影响。计算结果表明，非绝热加热包括大尺度凝结潜热、积云对流加热和感热都可以在加热区诱发出附加的锋生场。从而使加热区内的锋区强度得到明显加强；三种加热都能使上升速度增大，其中大尺度凝结潜热释放可在锋前出现一条宽约２００ｋｍ的强降水带．积云对流加热可使上升运动区范围缩小或在低层出现中尺度雨带，感热加热是产生中尺度雨带的一种可能机制。计算还表明，大尺度凝结潜热对锋生过程的影响最明显。它可以影响锋生过程中所有物理量。而积云对流加热和感热加热只对位温场和垂直速度场有明显影晌。但影响程度没有大尺度凝结潜热大。  相似文献   

劣质宝石的人工处理     

张庆麟 《上海国土资源》1990,(3):56-63

本文简介劣质宝石的人工处理方法,有染色法、漂白法、加热法,涂层法和辐射法等方法,而且尚附有主要宝石常用的处理方法一览表。  相似文献   

剪切生热与花岗岩部分熔融——关于喜马拉雅地区逆冲断层与地壳热结构的分析   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

朱元清  石耀霖 《地球物理学报》1990,33(4):408-416

本文对影响喜马拉雅逆冲断层地区热结构的三种主要热源（断层的摩擦剪切热,地壳的放射性热和上地幔的传导热）的效应进行了计算分析,在计算中考虑了岩石的流变性造成的剪应力和温度的非线性关系及岩石温度到达熔点时的熔解热.结果表明,尽管地壳的放射性热和上地幔的传导热也可能引起地壳中的部分熔融,但此时熔融将从地壳底部开始发生,这与喜马拉雅地区观测到的地质现象不符;在考虑了剪切断层带的剪切热后,熔融将从断层附近开始发生,因此得到了比较符合实际地质现象的结果.  相似文献   

The impact of bio-optical heating on the properties of the upper ocean: A sensitivity study using a 3-D circulation model for the Labrador Sea     

Yongsheng Wu  Charles C.L. Tang  Shubha Sathyendranath  Trevor Platt 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2630

The impact of bio-optical heating on the properties of the upper Labrador Sea water was investigated by considering changes in light attenuation in water associated with the seasonal change of chlorophyll distribution. The time- and depth-dependent attenuation coefficients were obtained from remotely sensed SeaWiFS ocean-colour data. Sea-surface temperature (SST) and mixed-layer depth (MLD) were computed from a three-dimensional ocean circulation model. The model was integrated from 1999 to 2003 with 6-hourly atmospheric forcing. The changes in SST and MLD attributable to bio-optical heating were determined by comparing the model results using the observed attenuation coefficients (chlorophyll) to those using a weak and constant attenuation (clear water). The model results show that bio-optical heating is controlled mainly by chlorophyll concentration and MLD. The increase in SST is around 1 °C in most parts of the Labrador Sea and the shelves, and up to 2.7 °C in areas of shallow MLD and high chlorophyll concentrations (the Grand Banks and Northeastern Newfoundland Shelf). The increase is much higher than that found in previous studies, which was typically a fraction of a degree. Bio-optical heating also can enhance the stratification of the upper ocean and reduce the MLD by 20–50%.  相似文献   

Impact of wildfires on surface water repellency in soils of northwest Spain     

M. E. Varela  E. Benito  E. de Blas 《水文研究》2005,19(18):3649-3657

Soil water repellency (hydrophobicity) is a naturally occurring phenomenon that can be intensified by soil heating during fires. Fire‐induced water repellency, together with the loss of plant cover, is reportedly the principal source of increased surface runoff and accelerated erosion in burned soils. In this study, the surface water repellency of several soils affected by summer forest fires in northwest Spain was studied and compared with that of adjacent unburned soils. Soil water repellency was determined using the ethanol percentage test (MED). Most of the unburned soil samples exhibited water repellency that ranged from strong to very strong; only four of the unburned soil samples were non‐repellent. Water repellency in the unburned soils was significantly correlated with the organic carbon content (r = 0·64, p < 0·05). Overall, fires increased the surface water repellency in soils with previously low degrees of water repellency and caused little change in that of originally strongly hydrophobic soils. In order to examine in detail the changes in water repellency with temperature, three unburned soil samples were subjected to a controlled heating program. Water repellency increased between 25 and 220 °C, water repellency peaked between 220 and 240 °C and disappeared above 260–280 °C. Extrapolation of the results of the heating tests to field conditions suggested that the intensity of fire (temperature and time of residence) reached by most soils during fires is not too high. Based on the results, the determination of water repellency could be used as a simple test for the indirect estimation of the intensity levels reached on the soil surface during a fire. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献