排序方式： 共有78条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
Imoleayo Ezekiel GBODE Toju Esther BABALOLA Gulilat Tefera DIRO Joseph Daniel INTSIFUL 《大气科学进展》2023,40(4):570-586
In situ data in West Africa are scarce, and reanalysis datasets could be an alternative source to alleviate the problem of data availability. Nevertheless, because of uncertainties in numerical prediction models and assimilation methods, among other things, existing reanalysis datasets can perform with various degrees of quality and accuracy. Therefore, a proper assessment of their shortcomings and strengths should be performed prior to their usage. In this study, we examine the performance of E... 相似文献
12.
利用2010~2012年的IGS天顶对流层延迟(ZTD)序列、ERA5格网数据积分ZTD序列,在中国4个VLBI站点上对目前常用的经验模型进行优化,分别建立Local_ERA和Local_ZTD模型。基于2013~2014年IGS并址站点ZTD数据,将改进后的2种模型与全球GPT2w模型、SHAO-Gm模型进行对比。结果表明,改进后的Local_ERA、Local_ZTD模型精度相近,相对于GPT2w、SHAO-Gm模型平均精度在4个VLBI站点上都有提高,尤其在水汽季节性变化较强的北京站改进效果明显;其中Local_ERA平均精度略高于Local_ZTD,比GPT2w模型精度提高7.90%,比SHAO-Gm模型精度提高21.26%。 相似文献
13.
大气0 ℃层高度是决定青藏高原冰冻圈消融状态的重要指标。基于ERA5再分析资料,分析了1979—2019年青藏高原夏季大气0 ℃层高度时空变化,发现青藏高原夏季大气0 ℃层高度介于4 423~5 972 m之间,以高原中南部（30°~32° N,83.5°~88.5° E）为高值中心,呈纬向分带状向四周逐渐降低。过去41 a青藏高原夏季大气0 ℃层高度总体呈持续上升趋势,高原北部上升趋势大于南部,祁连山地区上升趋势最为明显,为60 m?（10a）-1,而在高原西南部略呈下降趋势。平均而言,青藏高原夏季地面温度每升高1 ℃,大气0 ℃层高度升高122 m。利用CMIP6模式数据,预估在SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5、SSP3-7.0和SSP5-8.5四种社会共享路径情景下,2020—2100年期间青藏高原夏季大气0 ℃层高度都呈现升高趋势,但不同情景下升高趋势在空间上差别较大。相对于1979—2014年参考时段,在四种情景下,到2081—2100年青藏高原夏季平均大气0 ℃层高度将分别升高265 m、394 m、576 m 和729 m;相对应的是到2081—2100年,在高原上处于夏季大气0 ℃层高度以下的冰川面积分别为第二次冰川编目数据的79%、86%、94%和98%。仅从夏季大气0 ℃层高度变化角度看,在SSP5-8.5情景下,到本世纪末期,预估除帕米尔高原和昆仑山西北部地区外,青藏高原其他地区的冰川在夏季将不存在积累区。 相似文献
14.
《Marine Policy》2015
The aim of the SEAS-ERA initiative (2010–2014), developed within the European Union Framework Programme (EU FPVII) (contract 249552), was to coordinate the structure of national and regional marine and maritime research programs to empower and strengthen marine research all across Europe. A major goal was the development and implementation of common research strategies and programs related to European seas basins. To achieve this goal, SEAS-ERA was applied at two different levels, regional and pan European, to identify common priorities and needs in five areas, namely strategic planning (marine research agendas), joint research activities (common programs and joint calls), marine research infrastructures and human capacity building to reduce imbalances among regions. SEAS-ERA was also strongly committed to enhancing public awareness of marine and maritime scientific and policy issues in Europe. 相似文献
15.
利用欧洲中期数值预报中心(ECMWF)发布的第5代全球大气再分析资料(ERA5),结合中国气象局人工影响天气中心发布的CWR-MEM方案云水资源监测评估方法,对广西区域2009—2018年云水资源进行评估研究,结果表明:广西年均云水资源总量约5107.8×10~8 t,其中年均空中留存云水总量约1422.2×10~8 t,云水以区域内生成为主,年均约净输出197.1×10~8 t云水资源。广西云水资源存在明显的季节变化特征,呈单峰分布,夏季6月最高,冬季2月最低,空中留存云水无明显季节变化。广西云水水平分布总体呈东北部高,向西和向南逐渐降低的分布特征。广西秋、冬和春季云水主要分布在低层925～600hPa,是以液相水滴构成的暖性层状云云水为主,夏季云水则主要分布在中层600～400hPa,是以过冷液水滴和冰相粒子构成的混合态云水为主,低层云水显著减少。 相似文献
16.
This study presents an effective method for identifying predictive models and the underlying modal parameters of linear structural systems using only measured output and excitation time histories obtained from dynamic testing. The system under examination is modelled as a first‐order multi‐input multi‐output time‐invariant system, and the structural model is realized using the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm together with the Observer/Kalman filter IDentification algorithm. The identified state‐space model is further refined using a non‐linear optimization technique based on sequential quadratic programming. The numerical examples show that the developed methodology performs very well even in the presence of inadequate instrumentation and measurement noise, and that the methodology is highly capable of creating realistic predictive models of structural systems, as well as estimating their underlying modal parameters. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
Factors controlling the magnitudes of, and short-term variations in, the potential temperatures of the snow surface and the
air at the height of 2 m θS and θ2 m over Arctic sea ice in winter are analysed. The study addresses the winters of 1986–1987 and 1987–1988, and is based on the
temperature, wind, and cloud observations made by Russian drifting ice stations. It also relies on the ERA40 re-analyses of
the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, which were utilised to calculate the lateral heat advection at the
sites of the ice stations. The cloud cover and wind speed were more important than the heat advection in controlling the magnitudes
of θ2 m and θS, while on a time scale of 24 h, during steady forcing conditions, the heat advection was the most important factor affecting
the changes in θS and θ2 m. During changing conditions, and considering individual factors separately, the monthly mean 24-h temperature changes were
less than ± 5 °C: the effect of the cloud cover was the largest, and that of the heat advection was the smallest. When simultaneous
changes in the three factors were analysed, the seasonal mean temperature changes were even of the order of ±15 °C, with the
strongest warming events exceeding 35 K in a single day. The difference θS − θ2 m reached its lowest seasonal mean values during conditions of clear skies (−1.3 °C), light winds (−1.3 °C) and warm-air advection
(−0.8 °C). θS and θ2 m followed each other closely, even during major synoptic-scale temperature variations. 相似文献
18.
针对建立区域加权平均温度线性模型的问题,该文提出了将ERA5再分析数据和无线探空数据结合的方法,利用线性回归方法建立单因子和多因子模型,实现对江苏及周边地区的加权平均温度建模。对于有探空站点分布的ERA5格网区域,利用探空数据对ERA5建立的线性Tm模型进行修正,对于无探空站分布的ERA5格网区域使用江苏及周边区域整体修正系数对Tm进行修正。根据2018年数据进行验证,结果表明,本文所建立的单因子模型精度与之相当甚至略优,建立双因子模型的精度提高最大可达10.52%,证明了利用ERA5再分析资料和无线电探空建立江苏区域Tm模型的适用性。 相似文献
19.
为确保民机阵风载荷测量试飞的质量和效率,规避风险,保障安全,解决“找风难”问题,从飞行员飞机颠簸报告入手,利用欧洲中期天气预报中心提供的ERA5全球大气再分析资料,基于10个预报效果较为理想的颠簸指数,通过加权集成算法给出了高空急流背景下的颠簸潜势综合指数。综合指数中单一指数的权重是通过发生颠簸的预报准确率PODY、未发生颠簸的预报准确率PODN、总体预报准确率PODA及TSS评分及中度以上颠簸所占面积fMOG五项评价指标共同确定的。同时评估了颠簸潜势综合指数性能对单一指数数量的敏感性以及对参与建模样本量的敏感性。结果表明:Dutton指数因预报得分φ达1.043,是这10个单一指数中总体预报效果最好的,Brown指数、L-P指数次之。由Dutton指数、Brown指数、L-P指数、TI1指数及风相关指数加权集成的综合指数,较好地集成了各单一指数的优点,各项指标均较为优秀,PODA达90%,TSS达0.80,fMOG达9.2%,预报得分φ达1.225,总体效果最好。随着单一指数数量的增加,综合指数的诊断效果先增大后减小,当单一指数增加到5个的时候,效果最优。随着参与建模的飞机颠簸样本量增加,综合指数性能逐步提升。该综合指数能较好地解决民机阵风载荷测量试飞潜在颠簸区域寻找的问题。 相似文献
20.
Bin ZHAO Bo ZHANG Chunxiang SHI Jingwei LIU Lipeng JIANG 《Journal of Meteorological Research》2019,(3):563-575
The global energy cycle is a diagnostic metric widely used to gauge the quality of datasets. In this paper, the "Mixed Space-Time Domain" method for diagnosis of energy cycle is evaluated by using newly developed datasets-the Chinese Reanalysis Interim (CRAI) and ECMWF Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5), over a 7-yr period (2010-16) on seasonal and monthly timescales. The results show that the energy components calculated from the two reanalysis datasets are highly consistent;however, some components in the global energy integral from CRAI are slightly larger than those from ERA5. The main discrepancy in the energy components stems from the conversion of baroclinic process, whereas the dominant difference originates from the conversion from stationary eddy available potential energy to stationary eddy kinetic energy (CES), which is caused by systematic differences in the temperature and vertical velocity in low-mid latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and near the Antarctic, where there exist complex terrains. Furthermore, the monthly analysis reveals that the general discrepancy in the temporal variation between the two datasets also lie mainly in the CES as well as corresponding generation and dissipation rates. 相似文献