ERS散射计全球海面风场数据处理与ElNino海面风场异常观测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王超 《遥感学报》1999,3(4):300-304,324

星载散射测量技术是获取全球海面风场的有效手段。该文研究了欧洲遥感卫星（ＥＲＳ） 散射计全球海面风场数据的处理分析技术。对１９９７ 年３ 月、６ 月和１２ 月的全球海面风场数据进行平均处理,并同时与１９９６ 年６ 月和１９９５ 年１０ 月的观测数据进行对比,利用遥感技术发现了赤道太平洋西部的风场异常,从遥感资料上分析了１９９７ 年Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎｏ 现象的海面风场（ 风速与风向） 异常变化特征。研究结果显示了星载微波散射计在全球变化监测中的重要作用。  相似文献   

The El-Nino-triggered landslides and their socioeconomic impact on Kenya   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W. M. Ngecu  E. M. Mathu 《Environmental Geology》1999,38(4):277-284

 Kenya experienced extraordinarily heavy rainfall between May 1997 and February 1998 due to the El-Nino weather phenomenon. This period of about 10 months heavy rainfall caused widespread landslides and floods which were experienced in various parts of the country. Normally mid-December to late March is the driest and hottest season in Kenya. However, during this period, the season turned out to be the wettest with one of the heaviest precipitation events recorded in the country in the past several decades. Research investigations have revealed that the landslides were a result of four major factors. The factors included, geology and soils of the landslide prone areas, high relief, steep slopes with poor anchorage for slope stability, continuous heavy precipitation which resulted into oversaturation of rocks and soils. The effects of the El-Nino-triggered landslides in Kenya were enormous. Although statistical data about landslide destruction are not presently quantified, human and animal fatalities and plant destruction were enormous. Fertile farmlands, roads, railway lines, bridges, telephone and power lines were relocated and destroyed. Soil erosion which increased from higher surface runoff and surface exposure filled rivers with sediments. The sediments were transported to the hydro-electricity producing dams which eventually became clogged and power generation stopped. The national economic loss to the country is estimated at about US $ 1 billion and will take a long time to recover. Received: 7 April 1998 · Accepted: 2 March 1999  相似文献   

Evolution of the seismic activity from the 1982 eruption of El Chichon Volcano, Chiapas, Mexico     

Z. Jiménez  V. H. Espíndola  J. M. Espíndola 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1999,61(6):411-422

 We analyzed more than 1700 earthquakes related to the 1982 eruption of El Chichon volcano in southern Mexico. The data were recorded at specific periods throughout the whole eruptive interval of March to April 1982, by three different networks. The seismic activity began several months before the first eruption on 28 March. During this period the seismicity consisted of hybrid and long-period shallow earthquakes most likely related to processes of faulting, fracturing, and fluid movement underneath the volcano. The foci of events occurring before the eruption circumscribe an aseismic zone from approximately 7 to 13 km below the volcano. After the eruption, the seismic activity consisted of tectonic-type earthquakes that peaked at 1200 events/h. This later activity occurred over a wide range of depths, mostly between 5 and 20 km, that includes the former aseismic zone and is roughly limited by the major tectonic faults in the area. Received: 19 May 1998 / Accepted: 13 June 1999  相似文献   

El Nino年和La Nina年的非线性临界层与副高的形成、维持和振荡     

陶丽  陆维松 《热带气象学报》1999,15(1):1-9

采用欧洲中心１９８２年１２月、１９８３年４月、１９８４年１０月和１９８５年４月的月平均纬向风场实际观测资料,作为非线性临界层模式的基本气流进行数值积分,得到：用１９８２年１２月和１９８３年４月的基流模拟出的副高强、范围大、数目少,维持２￣３个单体,且向西移,东西振荡周期１－２个月。用１９８４年１０月和１９８５年４月的基流模拟出的副高弱、范围小,成带状分布,数目多达４个单体,副高合并、分裂得较快,亦  相似文献   

广州气温与厄尔尼诺的多尺度相互联系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴洪宝  特&#;米&#;松涅奇金 《热带气象学报》1999,15(4):340-346

通过对广州气温距平和Ｎｉｎｏ　３、Ｎｉｎｏ　１＋２区ＳＳＴＡ序列做小波变换,研究了广州气温变化与ＥＮＳＯ振荡过程之间的多尺度联系,发现它们都存在着强的十年际振荡。年际尺度的振荡为正相关,十年际风度为负相关。由于ＳＳＴＡ的十年际变率是由强厄尔尼诺事件的韵律产生的,因此;广州气温对强烈厄尔尼诺的响应性质上不同于对普通厄尔尼诺的响应．  相似文献   

A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY OF THE TELECONNECTION ASSOCIATED WITH THE WARM POOL OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC AND ASIAN MONSOON DURING EL NINO AND NON-EL NINO YEARS     

黎伟标  罗会邦 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1999,5(1):24-32

Based on the monthly mean OLR, geopotential height and wind data from the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed data sets for 1982-1996, the atmospheric teleconnection associated with the warm pool of the tropical western Pacific and Asian monsoon region during E1 Nino and non-El Niño years are studied diagnostically in this paper. It is found that, the teleconnection pattern caused by the activity of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) emanates from the Asian monsoon region to the tropical eastern Pacific via the Aleutians in summer of the El Niño years. In the non-El Niño years, however, the ASM-related teleconnection pattern stretches northward and westward from the Asian monsoon region, exerting its influences mainly on the circulation over middle and high latitude rather than that over the tropical eastern Pacific. Evidences also show that the anomalous convection over the tropical western Pacific warm pool leads to the East Asia/Pacific(EAP) teleconnection pattern during the non-El Niño years. It is interesting to note that the teleconnection in the 500 height field associated with the warm pool convection disappears in the El Niño years. The differences of the teleconnection pattern between the El Niño years and the non-El Niño years suggest that the activities of the ASM and the convection over the warm pool of the tropical western Pacific, the most energetic weather events in boreal summer, are intertwined and interactive with other global-scale circulation in different ways under different climate backgrounds.  相似文献   

东亚冬季风年际变化的ENSO信息 I.模拟资料分析     

穆明权  李崇银 《气候与环境研究》1999,(2)

系统分析了观测海温强迫９层大气环流模式的模拟资料,结果表明该大气环流模式能够对与ＥｌＮｉｎｏ、ＬａＮｉｎａ事件爆发有关的赤道太平洋异常纬向风和对流活动有很好的模拟;模拟中的东亚冬季风具有明显的年际变化特征,这种变化与观测结果有很好的一致性,而且进一步分析发现这种年际变化具有显著的２～７年的周期,即东亚冬季风异常与ＥＮＳＯ密切相关。  相似文献   

积雪在El Niño影响东亚夏季气候异常中的作用          下载免费PDF全文

王妍凤  孙旭光  杨修群 《地球物理学报》2017,60(9):3325-3337

本文利用1948-2010年Global Land Data Assimilation System（GLDAS）NOAH陆面模式资料、GPCC月平均降水资料和NCAR/NCEP全球月平均再分析资料,采用滤波、距平合成和线性相关等方法,分析了El Niño成熟位相冬季欧亚大陆积雪异常的分布特征,研究了关键区积雪融化对后期春、夏季土壤湿度、土壤温度以及大气环流与降水的影响,揭示了El Niño事件通过关键区积雪储存其强迫信号并影响东亚夏季气候异常的机制和过程.主要结论如下：El Niño成熟阶段冬季伊朗高原、巴尔喀什湖东北部和青藏高原南麓区域是雪深异常的三个关键区,这些区域的雪深、雪融和土壤湿度有明显的正相关;这三个关键区雪深异常通过春季融雪将冬季El Niño信号传递给春、夏季局地土壤湿度,通过减少感热通量和增加潜热通量对大气环流产生影响;春末夏初伊朗高原土壤湿度异常对东亚夏季气候异常的影响最大,其引起的降水异常与El Niño次年夏季降水异常分布基本一致,春夏季青藏高原南麓和巴尔喀什湖附近土壤湿度也都明显增加,均会对中国华北降水增加有显著正贡献.总之,在利用El Niño事件研究和预测东亚夏季气候异常时,还应考虑关键区雪深异常对El Niño信号的存储和调制作用.  相似文献   

厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜信号循环回路及其传播特性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

乔方利  于卫东  袁业立 《海洋学报》2004,26(4):1-8

基于1992～2001年卫星高度计资料分析了海面高度距平在厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜(El Niño/La Niña)现象中的演变过程,发现:(1)在El Niño过程中,海面高度正距平信号从西太平洋沿赤道海域向东传播至东海岸,然后分成南北两支,北支在10°N附近从东太平洋传回西太平洋的信号最强,到达西太沿岸海域再传回赤道,表明El Niño信号传播在北半球存在一明显循环回路.赤道以南循环圈不及赤道以北环路清晰.东太平洋的季节变化信号主要通过6°N,10°N和8°S附近的3个通道向西太平洋传播.La Niña信号主要从5°N和7°S向西传播;(2)在大洋海盆尺度快速传播信号背景下,存在波长700～800km的慢速传播信号,两类信号将信息在太平洋内传送.传播速度分析表明,慢速传播信号的相速与Rossby波相速相符,而快速传播信号应该是海洋对大气变异的响应.  相似文献   

舟山冬季暴雨的特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王雷 《海洋预报》2004,21(3):70-75

文章分析了冬季暴雨发生时的环流形势和物理量场分布特征,揭示了冬季暴雨的发生与厄尔尼诺现象有着一定的相关。同时,分析了单站要素的变化,为以后的冬季暴雨预报提供参考。  相似文献