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971.
In order to get quantitatively reliable results with the discrete element method, or DEM, it becomes more and more necessary to reproduce accurately the shape of irregular particles. A simple and fast original method to create complex shapes by assembling spheres together is proposed. This paper shows its ability to reproduce a shape, its degree of resolution and the number of spheres required.  相似文献   
972.
利用沈阳CINRAD/SA多普勒天气雷达观测资料及加密自动站资料等,对2009年7月11日发生在沈阳西部的中尺度大暴雨天气过程进行分析。结果表明:雷达1.5°仰角PPI图上有逆风区存在,逆风区出现的时间要比强降水出现的时间早10 min以上,强降水区与逆风区、强回波区、VIL值的大值区有较好的对应关系,逆风区的出现对强对流天气的预报预警有指示作用。  相似文献   
973.
1994年华南暴雨期间夏季风的特征及其对水汽的输送   总被引:9,自引:4,他引:9  
用拉格朗日方法计算等熵面上空气质点和物质的轨迹。分析指出1994年华南暴雨和夏季风异常有密切的关系,特别是东亚热带季风更是决定性的作用;用这种方法可以追踪水汤的源地及演变过程,分析气流对水汽的输送作用。  相似文献   
974.
卫星资料在台风暴雨数值模拟中的应用   总被引:21,自引:4,他引:21  
用PSU/NCAR中尺度模式,采用ECMWF资料对8209号台风带来的暴雨进行了控制试验,同时采用卫星和地面资料对原有初始湿度场作订正,进行了灵敏试验。对比分析表明,应用卫星资料后,模拟的台风暴雨及雨量中心强度与实况甚为一致。此外,由模式输出流场的分析表明,台风内部及其外围有显著的非对称气流和明显的中尺度系统结构。暴雨发生在低空非对称气流聚合和高空非对称气流辐散重叠区域;在强雨量中心区,低空有清楚  相似文献   
975.
This is a study designed to analyze the relationship between ground level enhancements(GLEs)and their associated solar active regions during solar cycles 22and 23.Results show that 90.3%of the GLE events that are investigated are accompanied by X-class flares,and that 77.4%of the GLE events originate from super active regions.It is found that the intensity of a GLE event is strongly associated with the specific position of an active region where the GLE event occurs.As a consequence,the GLE events having a peak increase rate exceeding 50%occur in a longitudinal range from W20 to W100.Moreover,the largest GLE events occur in a heliographic longitude at roughly W60.Additionally,an analysis is made to understand the distributional pattern of the Carrington longitude of the active regions that have generated the GLE events.  相似文献   
976.
针对变形监测数据的随机性和非平稳性,以及单一预测模型的不足,该文提出了基于小波去噪的灰色最小二乘支持向量机变形预测模型。采用小波去噪对原始数据进行降噪处理,减弱数据随机扰动的影响,建立灰色最小二乘支持向量机模型,并采用粒子群算法寻找最优参数。通过大坝位移监测数据实例对模型进行验证,并与灰色模型、最小二乘支持向量机以及灰色最小二乘支持向量机进行对比分析。实验结果证明,该模型预测精度更高、稳定性更强。  相似文献   
977.
Abstract

Travel time and time of concentration Tc are important time parameters in hydrological designs. Although Tc is the time for the runoff to travel to the outlet from the most remote part of the catchment, most researchers have used an indirect method such as hydrograph analysis to estimate Tc. A quasi two-dimensional diffusion wave model with particle tracking for overland flow was developed to determine the travel time, and validated for runoff discharges, velocities, and depths. Travel times for 85%, 95% and 100% of particles arrival at the outlet of impervious surfaces (i.e. Tt85, Tt95, and Tt100) were determined for 530 model runs. The correlations between these travel times and Tc estimated from hydrograph analysis showed a significant agreement between Tc and Tt85. All the travel times showed nonlinear relationships with the input variables (plot length, slope, roughness coefficient, and effective rainfall intensity) but showed linear relationships with each other.
Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor S. Grimaldi  相似文献   
978.
A 3D numerical modeling of the wave generated by the Vajont slide, one of the most destructive ever occurred, is presented in this paper. A meshless Lagrangian Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) technique was adopted to simulate the highly fragmented violent flow generated by the falling slide in the artificial reservoir. The speed-up achievable via General Purpose Graphic Processing Units (GP-GPU) allowed to adopt the adequate resolution to describe the phenomenon. The comparison with the data available in literature showed that the results of the numerical simulation reproduce satisfactorily the maximum run-up, also the water surface elevation in the residual lake after the event.Moreover, the 3D velocity field of the flow during the event and the discharge hydrograph which overtopped the dam, were obtained.  相似文献   
979.
Flow on fracture surfaces has been identified by many authors as an important flow process in unsaturated fractured rock formations. Given the complexity of flow dynamics on such small scales, robust numerical methods have to be employed in order to capture the highly dynamic interfaces and flow intermittency. In this work we use a three-dimensional multiphase Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model to simulate surface tension dominated flow on smooth fracture surfaces. We model droplet and film flow over a wide range of contact angles and Reynolds numbers encountered in such flows on rock surfaces. We validate our model via comparison with existing empirical and semi-analytical solutions for droplet flow. We use the SPH model to investigate the occurrence of adsorbed trailing films left behind droplets under various flow conditions and its importance for the flow dynamics when films and droplets coexist. It is shown that flow velocities are higher on prewetted surfaces covered by a thin film which is qualitatively attributed to the enhanced dynamic wetting and dewetting at the trailing and advancing contact lines. Finally, we demonstrate that the SPH model can be used to study flow on rough surfaces.  相似文献   
980.
We have conducted a series of high-resolution numerical experiments using the Pair-Wise Force Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (PF-SPH) multiphase flow model. First, we derived analytical expressions relating parameters in the PF-SPH model to the surface tension and static contact angle. Next, we used the model to study viscous fingering, capillary fingering, and stable displacement of immiscible fluids in porous media for a wide range of capillary numbers and viscosity ratios. We demonstrated that the steady state saturation profiles and the boundaries of viscous fingering, capillary fingering, and stable displacement regions compare favorably with micromodel laboratory experimental results. For a displacing fluid with low viscosity, we observed that the displacement pattern changes from viscous fingering to stable displacement with increasing injection rate. When a high viscosity fluid is injected, transition behavior from capillary fingering to stable displacement occurred as the flow rate was increased. These observations are also in agreement with the results of the micromodel laboratory experiments.  相似文献   
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