Ecological variations in diatom assemblages in the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake linked with global and Indian monsoon climate changes for the last 600,000 years     

Tatsuya Hayashi  Yoshihiro Tanimura  Yoshihiro Kuwahara  Masao Ohno  Mami Mampuku  Rie Fujii  Harutaka Sakai  Toshiro Yamanaka  Takeshi Maki  Masao Uchida  Wataru Yahagi  Hideo Sakai 《Quaternary Research》2009,72(3):377-387

Variations in fossil diatom assemblages and their relationship with global and Indian monsoon climate changes for the last 600,000 yr were investigated using a core of ancient lake (Paleo-Kathmandu Lake) sediments drilled at the Kathmandu Basin, Nepal Himalaya. Chronological scales of the core were constructed by tuning pollen wet and dry index records to the SPECMAP δ¹⁸O stack record. Examinations of biogenic silica contents and fossil diatom assemblages revealed that variations in productivity and compositions of diatom assemblages were closely linked with global and Indian monsoon climate changes on glacial and interglacial time scales. When summer monsoonal rainfall increased during interglacials (interstadials), diatom productivity increased because of increased inputs of terrestrial nutrients into the lake. When summer monsoonal rainfall reduced and/or winter monsoonal aridification enhanced during glacials (stadials), productivity of the diatoms decreased and lake-level falling brought about changes in compositions of diatom assemblages. Monospecific assemblages by unique Cyclotella kathmanduensis and Puncticulata versiformis appeared during about 590 to 390 ka. This might be attributed to evolutionary fine-tuning of diatom assemblages to specific lake environmental conditions. Additionally, low-amplitude precessional variations in monsoon climate and less lake-level changes may have also allowed both species to dominate over the long periods.  相似文献   

Terrestrial and freshwater carbonates in Hoxnian interglacial deposits, UK: micromorphology, stable isotopic composition and palaeoenvironmental significance     

Ian Candy 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2009,120(1):49-83

MIS 11 is often considered to be the best climatic analogue for the Holocene. Many studies have suggested, however, that it is a period of extreme climate warmth comparable in temperatures to the Middle and Late Pliocene. In Britain deposits of the Hoxnian interglacial are correlated to MIS 11 and multi-proxy techniques can be used to reconstruct the climate of this interglacial. Soil, groundwater and freshwater carbonates are common in Hoxnian deposits and the stable isotopic composition of these precipitates can be used to increase our understanding of MIS 11 environments in Britain. Carbonates from Marks Tey, Clacton, Swanscombe, Elveden and West Stow are studied, the stratigraphic context of which indicates that their formation is broadly synchronous (in the mid-Hoxnian, pollen zones Ho II to Ho III). The carbon isotopic composition of groundwater and pedogenic carbonates is typically depleted with respect to δ¹³C (ca −9 to −8‰ VPDB) reflecting uptake of plant respired CO₂ during water migration/recharge. The carbon isotopic composition of lacustrine carbonate is more enriched with respect to δ¹³C (ca 0-1‰VPDB) reflecting the equilibration of lake waters with atmospheric CO₂. The δ¹⁸O of groundwater and pedogenic carbonates is slightly more enriched than modern soil carbonates but not as enriched as soil carbonates formed under interglacials that were warmer than the Holocene (i.e. the Cromerian). The stable isotopic composition of Hoxnian carbonates does not, therefore, indicate that this interglacial was characterised by uniquely warm climates in the context of other Middle Pleistocene interglacials and the Holocene. This is contrary to many marine and littoral records from around the world but consistent with environmental records from Britain and Europe.  相似文献   

新疆及西邻中亚地区地质构造环境与成矿系列     

王德林  刘通  李燕  黄启峰  田忠锋  王世伟 《新疆地质》2009,27(Z1)

新疆及中亚地区金属矿产丰富.该文研究了前寒武纪古陆、古裂谷、古生代活动大陆边缘、被动大陆边缘、裂陷槽,碰撞造山带及构造岩浆活化带,后碰撞伸展期的裂谷,晚古生代上叠盆地和中-新生代克拉通盆地等地质构造环境中的成矿建造及相关的Cu,Pb,Zn,Au,Mo,Sn,W,Sb,V,Ti,Fe,Mn,U等中亚的主要金属矿产.划分出20个与大地构造环境和一定成矿建造相关的成矿系列,阐述了各成矿系列的主要特征及代表性矿床.这对成矿顸测和找矿有现实意义.  相似文献   

A New Theropod Dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Lufeng,Yunnan, China     

WU Xiao-chun  Philip J. CURRIE  DONG Zhiming  PAN Shigang  WANG Tao 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(1):9-24

A new theropod dinosaur, Shidaisaurus jinae gen. et sp. nov., has been described on the basis of an incomplete skeleton. The specimen was found near the base of the Upper Lufeng Formation (early Middle Jurassic) in Yunnan, China. It is the first theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Yunnan. Shidaisaurus jinae is distinguishable from other Jurassic theropods by certain features from the braincase, axis, and pelvic girdle. The absence of any pleurocoels in the axis or in any anterior dorsal vertebrae suggests that the new Lufeng theropod is relatively primitive and more plesiomorphic than most of the Middle to Late Jurassic theropods from China. Most Chinese taxa of Jurassic theropod dinosaurs have not been well described; a further detailed study will be necessary for us to determine their phylogenetic relationships with Shidaisaurus jinae.  相似文献   

A New Basal Neoceratopsian Dinosaur from the Middle Cretaceous of Jilin Province, China     

JIN Liyong  CHEN Jun  ZAN Shuqin  Pascal GODEFROIT 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(2)

A new basal neoceratopsian dinosaur, Helioceratops brachygnathus gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Quantou Formation (late Early Cretaceous or early Late Cretaceous) in the Liufangzi locality (Jilin province, China). Helioceratops differs from other basal neoceratopsiaus with its deep dentary ramus, its steeply-inclined ventral predentary facet, its heterogeneous dentary crowns, and by the denticles and secondary ridges asymmetrically distributed on either side of the primary ridge on its dentary teeth. Along with Auroraceratops and Yamaceratops, Helioceratops represents one of the most derived non-coronosaurian neoceratopsians. The palaeogeographical distribution of basal neoceratopsians appears limited to northern China and southern Mongolia in the current state of our knowledge. It is therefore probable that this region constituted the birthplace for more advanced, Late Cretaceous Coronosauria.  相似文献   

Biodiversity and Sequence of the Middle Triassic Panxian Marine Reptile Fauna, Guizhou Province, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

JIANG Dayong  Ryosuke MOTANI  HAO Weicheng  Olivier RIEPPEL  SUN Yuanlin  Andrea TINTORI  SUN Zuoyu  Lars SCHMITZ 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(3):451-459

Abstract: The Middle Triassic Panxian fauna is a physical marker and representative record of the rapid recovery of the Triassic marine ecosystem following the Early Triassic stagnant stage after the end-Permian mass extinction. Ten marine reptile taxa have been found from the 1.82–2.10 m-thick fossiliferous level in the Upper Member of the Guanling Formation, which can be subdivided into three marine reptile beds through the analysis on the stratigraphic distributions of fossil reptiles. The Lower Reptile Bed yields the sauropterygians Placodus inexpectatus Jiang et al., 2008 and Lariosaurus hongguoensis Jiang et al., 2006, the ichthyopterygians Xinminosaurus catactes Jiang et al., 2008 and Phalarodon cf. Phalarodon fraasi Merriam, 1910, associated with Mixosaurus panxianensis Jiang et al., 2006, representing a stage of predominance of durophagous taxa. In this bed, the large complete skeletons may reach up to 2.3 m in length, and lithofacies and chemostratigraphic analyses indicate a relatively deep carbonate platform with an oxic water environment near the bottom, as well as a rising sea level. The Middle Reptile Bed yields the sauropterygian Nothosaurus yangjuanensis Jiang et al., 2006 and the archosaur Qianosuchus mixtus Li et al., 2006, associated with Mixosaurus panxianensis Jiang et al., 2006. The fossils in this bed are characterized by its pincering dentition and large overall body size, with the largest possibly exceeding 3 m in length. This bed might represent a time of deepest basin with relatively anoxic condition near the bottom. The Upper Reptile Bed yields the sauropterygians Wumengosaurus delicatomandibularis Jiang et al., 2008, Keichousaurus sp., the protorosaur Dinocephalosaurus orientalis Li, 2003, and the ichthyopterygian Mixosaurus panxianensis Jiang et al., 2006. In this bed, reptilian taxa characterized by suction feeding appeared, and most are less than 1 m long. This bed corresponds to a period of decreasing water depth.  相似文献   

A New Non‐Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from Qinglong County,Hebei Province of China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lü Junchang 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(2):189-199

A new basal non-pterodactyloid pterosaur, Changchengopterus pani gen. et sp. nov., is erected, on the basis of a nearly complete postcranial skeleton. The new taxon is distinguished by relatively short extensions of the prezygapophyses, postzygapophyses and haemal arches of the caudal vertebrae; a humerus that has a subtriangular deltopectoral crest; limb elements that decrease in length in the following order: ulna> wing-phalange 2 > wing-phalange 3 = wing-phalange 1>humerus >tibia>femur>wing-metacarpal. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Changchengopterus is a basal member of rhamphorhynchoids, and more closely related to Dorygnathus than to other rhamphorhychoids. The geological age of the Changchengopterus -bearing sediments is no latter than the end of the Late Jurassic and it is possible Middle Jurassic.  相似文献   

贵州水城二叠系茅口组含锰岩系地质地球化学特征与锰矿成因分析   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

杨瑞东  程玛莉  魏怀瑞 《大地构造与成矿学》2009,33(4)

贵州水城二叠系茅口组内发现新锰矿。通过对含锰岩系的地质地球化学研究,其富集Zn,Ni,As,Sb,Sr,Ba,Ga,Ag,V,U元素;锰含量较高层位,Th/U比值小于1,锰含量较低层位,Th/U比值往往高达4～5。Co/Ni比值小于1。含锰岩石的(Fe+Mn)/Ti均大于47,高于20,特别是含锰高的岩石,其(Fe+Mn)/Ti值在300以上。含锰岩石的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)均远远低于0.35,一般为小于0.02。稀土配分模式与峨眉山玄武岩相似,∑REE较高,LREE/HREE值偏低等特征。根据锰岩系地球化学和区域构造特征分析,水城二叠系茅口组含锰岩系属于热水喷流沉积的产物。  相似文献   

混鱼龙（爬行动物：鱼龙类）在云南罗平中三叠统的发现   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈孝红  程龙 《地质学报》2009,83(9):1214-1220

本文首次报导和系统描述了在云南罗平中三叠统关岭组上部发现的混鱼龙Mixosaurus kuhnschnyderi Brimkmann, 1998,并与国内外同期地层中已知的混鱼龙种进行了比较。此外,还简单介绍了该鱼龙化石在云南罗平一带中三叠统发现的生物学、地层学和生物古地理分区意义。  相似文献   

长江中下游成矿带铜陵矿集区铜多金属矿床模型   总被引：63，自引：10，他引：53  

毛景文  邵拥军  谢桂青  张建东  陈毓川 《矿床地质》2009,28(2):109-119

通过对长江中下游成矿带的系统考察和对前人资料的阅读和研究,聚焦铜陵矿集区,初步提出了一个可以涵盖不同类型矿床的矿床模型.该模型表达为:在早白垩世高钾钙碱性花岗岩侵位过程中,通过岩浆的分馏演化,在岩体隆起部位及其内外接触带形成斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,由于广泛发育石炭纪至三叠纪碳酸盐岩.钙质和镁质矽卡岩型矿床是最主要的矿床类型.作为斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床系统的一部分,在斑岩-矽卡岩铜金钼矿床外围分布有矽卡岩铜金矿床、脉状金矿床以及脉状铅锌银矿床.长江中下游地区在三叠纪曾作为大别-苏鲁造山带的前陆盆地,在后碰撞时期出现了大量滑覆构造和扩容空间,它们在不整合界面处十分发育.因此,在成矿过程中不仅形成了像新桥那样的厚大矿体,而且在位于不整合界面附近的矽卡岩往往退化蚀变成为具有典型层纹状和曲卷状构造的退化蚀变岩和矿石,甚至沿一些层位交代形成了层控矽卡岩型或Manto型矿体.此外,还提出了运用该模型开展勘查评价的建议.  相似文献