云南寻甸地区最近八千年气候环境变迁   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张会领  袁道先  覃嘉铭  林玉石  张美良  王华 《中国岩溶》2004,23(4):293-298

通过对云南寻甸白石岩仙人洞1号石笋进行高精度TIM S-U系测年和氧碳稳定同位素分析,重建了寻甸地区中全新世8. 0ka 以来高分辨率古气候演化序列。石笋剖面的碳氧同位素记录揭示,云南寻甸地区自8. 0kaB. P.以来的气候演化可以分为三个气候期: (1) 8000～6000aB. P.为温暖湿润期,夏季风强盛,气温较高,降水丰沛,石笋的氧碳同位素偏负; ( 2) 6000～5200 a B. P.为季风气候衰退期,在这期间气温和降水都发生了较大变化,气候由温湿变为冷干,石笋氧碳同位素持续偏正; ( 3) 5200～2100aB. P.凉干气候期,这一时期气候基本稳定,东亚季风对气候影响较大,但气温和降水都低于第一个气候稳定期。   相似文献   

越南岸外夏季上升流区22万年来东亚季风的沉积与地球化学记录   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

青子琪  刘连文  郑洪波 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2005,25(2):67-72

对中德合作“太阳号”95航次的17954柱状样上部11．2m的沉积物样品进行了粒度与化学元素分析,获取了大约22万年来东亚季风在南海越南岸外上升流区演变的沉积与地球化学记录。结果显示,该站位沉积物颗粒较细,为典型的半深海型沉积,颗粒大小主要为2～8μm,几乎没有大于63μm的颗粒。不同粒径的沉积物含量及中值粒径大小呈现出明显的冰期一间冰期旋回：冰期时,中值粒径较大,介于8～63μm间的颗粒明显增多,指示了干而冷的冬季风加强;间冰期时,2～8μm的细颗粒为主要成分,反映冬季风减弱而夏季风加强。研究认为沉积物粒度的变化与冰期一间冰期旋回的海面变化有关。与生产力有关的Sr和Ba两个元素的含量总体在间冰期时增加,Ba／(Zr Rb)可以指示生产力变化,Sr／(Zr Rb)反映了碳酸盐含量变化。在间冰期Ba／(Zr Rb)值较高,显示了海洋生产力较高,指示了较强的夏季风。17954孔的Ba／(Zr Rb)呈现较强的2万年岁差周期变化,在氧同位素3期呈现最大值,指示了该时期夏季风特强。  相似文献   

南昌市厚田剖面末次冰期风沙沉积的粒度分维特征及其揭示的古环境意义     

詹江振  李志文  王志刚  孙丽  黎武标  杜兰 《热带地理》2020,40(6):1075-1084

赣江下游阶地上断续发育着系列沙丘砂－砂质古土壤序列，有助于探讨亚热带地区粒度分维特征对古环境的指示意义。在多次综合考察的基础上，选择南昌市新建区的厚田剖面开展工作，在OSL年代和粒度测试基础上，采用分形理论中的幂指函数关系法分析了粒度分维特征，并将其与黏粒体积分数、平均粒径、冬夏季风敏感粒径、南京葫芦洞石笋氧同位素进行对比。结果表明：1）厚田剖面的沙丘砂－砂质古土壤序列主要形成于末次冰期（14.9—77.0 ka），其中沙丘砂的分维值为2.04~2.62（平均值2.34），砂质古土壤为2.24~2.70（平均值2.51）。2）分维值与夏季风强度敏感粒径呈正相关性，与冬季风强度敏感粒径呈负相关性，且与粒度分选性密切相关，标准偏差越小则分维值越小，反之则越大。3）分维值在垂向上呈现峰谷交替旋回，峰值分别对应MIS2早期、MIS3c和MIS3a阶段，该时期夏季风强盛，气候暖湿，砂质古土壤发育；谷值分别对应MIS2晚期、MIS3b和MIS4阶段，该时期冬季风强盛，气候干冷，沙丘砂发育。说明厚田沙地在末次冰期发生了3次气候冷暖旋回，其中还明显记录了H5、H6的极端寒冷事件。由此可见，鄱阳湖地区的风沙沉积序列基本同步于区域乃至全球性气候变化事件。  相似文献   

早全新世季风演化的高分辨率石笋δ18O记录研究--以河南老母洞石笋为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张银环  杨琰  杨勋林  殷建军  黄帆  任小凤  赵景耀  刘肖  聂旭东 《沉积学报》2015,33(1):134-141

基于豫西老母洞LM2石笋8个高精度230Th年龄,449个氧碳同位素,建立了达十年际分辨率的8.2~10.9 ka B.P.亚洲季风变化的δ18O记录序列.老母洞石笋δ18O值最为偏负达-12.0‰,最偏正为-8.2‰,振幅达3.8‰.早全新世10.13~10.9 ka B.P.时段内,河南西部老母洞石笋和东石崖石笋,陕西九仙洞C996-2石笋δ18O曲线揭示该时段内季风稳定,而中国南方的衙门洞石笋、三宝洞石笋和极地冰芯GRIP记录揭示该时段季风逐渐增强;同时季风达到顶峰的时期也不相同,进一步说明中国南北方早全新世10.13~10.9 ka B.P.时段季风演变过程的差异,可能与中国南北方气候的响应机制有关.从早全新世平均分辨率10年的LM2石笋记录中识别出8.2 ka,9.5 ka,10.2 ka和10.9 ka显著弱季风事件,尤其是8.2 ka和9.5 ka事件.对比分析老母洞与已发表的高分辨率石笋δ18O记录发现:石笋所揭示的某些冷事件发生时间在亚洲季风区存在差异,主要表现在事件内部变化特征及趋势上.LM2石笋δ18O曲线并没有明显记录9.3 ka弱季风事件,而是在9.3~9.6 ka B.P.左右记录了一个弱季风事件,与DSY09(2009)、Y1、HS-4记录相似,表明在该时段内存在季风的减弱事件,但是氧同位素传输的复杂性,使其在南北方表现不同.此外,在LM2石笋δ18O的8.2 ka B.P.开始时段,氧同位素曲线阶段性下降,且变幅达3‰,与Zhang等研究万象洞石笋提出的“中国8 200阶段”吻合,表明中国北方地区的8.2 ka事件是阶段性的事件,而南方的石笋氧同位素记录揭示的8.2 ka事件并未表现出阶段性特征,其原因有待于更多北方高精度石笋记录来进一步研究.LM2石笋氧同位素记录进行功率谱分析发现:在短尺度上季风变化与太阳活动密切相关,这与近年来对早全新世极端气候变化研究的驱动机制是一致的,早全新世亚洲季风的演化与太阳活动变化引起的太阳辐射能量的变化和北半球高纬气候的变化状况有关.  相似文献   

老爷海潟湖内底层缺氧规模对南海季风气候节律的响应     

李英  张经  邓鸿  王道儒  朱卓毅 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(4):719-733

在海南岛形成春旱时,老爷海潟湖内常常发生网箱养殖鱼类因缺氧(DO2mg/L或者30%)而迅速(1—2天内)大规模死亡的事件;然而,其中的缺氧成因至今仍未见相关研究报道。本文在2008—2011年对老爷海执行了7个航次的生物地球化学调查。在形成充沛春雨的2009年春季季风转换期所执行航次(气象条件表现为风速高和多雨)中,很难观察到底层缺氧现象;与此相对应,潟湖水体的垂直稳定度差,浮游植物群落以微微型(2μm)和微型(2—10μm)藻类占优势。在形成显著春旱的2010年春季季风转换期所执行航次(气象条件表现为微风和少雨)中有大规模底层缺氧形成,缺氧水体从内湾深坑水柱(水深约6m)底层一直蔓延到外湾浅水养殖区;与此相对应,内湾深坑水柱明显层化并形成高盐度生境,浮游植物群落以海洋角管藻(硅藻)占优势,而病毒丰度则达到所有7个航次调查中的最高值。在2008、2009和2011年西南季风盛行期所执行航次(气象条件表现为高温、微风和多雨)中都有小规模底层缺氧形成,且仅局限在内湾深坑底层水中;与此相对应,深坑水柱强烈层化并形成低盐度生境,浮游植物群落以微微型和微型藻类占优势。以上调查结果说明,老爷海潟湖内的底层缺氧规模对上界面的南海季风气候节律有着明显响应;其中,春旱气象条件在潟湖内湾所营造的水柱层化(阻碍复氧)和高盐度生境(有利于硅藻成为浮游植物群落优势种)相耦合,则可促成从潟湖内湾深坑底层一直蔓延到外湾网箱养殖区的大规模底层缺氧现象。  相似文献   

Ocean circulation on the North Australian Shelf     

Andreas Schiller 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(10):1087-1095

The ocean circulation on Australia's Northern Shelf is dominated by the Monsoon and influenced by large-scale interannual variability. These driving forces exert an ocean circulation that influences the deep Timor Sea Passage of the Indonesian Throughflow, the circulation on the Timor and Arafura Shelves and, further downstream, the Leeuwin Current. Seasonal maxima of northeastward (southwestward) volume transports on the shelf are almost symmetric and exceed 10⁶ m³/s in February (June). The associated seasonal cycle of vertical upwelling from June to August south of 8.5°S and between 124°E and 137.5°E exceeds 1.5×10⁶ m³/s across 40 m depth. During El Niño events, combined anomalies from the seasonal means of high regional wind stresses and low inter-ocean pressure gradients double the northeastward volume transport on the North Australian Shelf to 1.5×10⁶ m³/s which accounts for 20% of the total depth-integrated transport across 124°E and reduce the total transport of the Indonesian Throughflow. Variability of heat content on the shelf is largely determined by Pacific and Indian Ocean equatorial wind stress anomalies with some contribution from local wind stress forcing.  相似文献   

Sensitive grain-size records of Holocene East Asian summer monsoon in sediments of northern South China Sea slope   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jie Huang  Anchun Li  Shiming Wan 《Quaternary Research》2011,75(3):734-744

Changes in paleoenvironments over the last 17,500 yr have been documented by a high-resolution clay mineralogy and grain–size records of Core KNG5 from the northern slope of the South China Sea. Our results indicate that clay minerals are mainly from the Pearl River from 17,500 to12,500 cal yr BP, and the South China Sea modern current system began to form since 12,500 cal yr BP, as a result, Taiwan turns to be the major contributor of clay minerals after 12,500 cal yr BP. Two grain-size populations with high variability through time were identified in the 13–28 μm and 1–2.2 μm grain-size intervals. The 1–2.2 μm grain-size population are mainly controlled by provenance supply and current transport. The 13–28 μm grain-size fraction could be controlled mainly by the sea-level change. The 1–2.2 μm grain-size population record demonstrates that East Asian Summer Monsoon intensity generally follows changes in insolation and that the response is similar for a large area of China and other northern low-latitude records, implying the globality of the monsoon evolution since Holocene. The anomalous environmental conditions in the northern South China Sea may imply intensified ENSO activity during the late Holocene.  相似文献   

Monsoon variability and chemical weathering during the late Pleistocene in the Goriganga basin, higher central Himalaya, India     

Steven P. Beukema  R.V. Krishnamurthy  N. Juyal  N. Basavaiah  A.K. Singhvi 《Quaternary Research》2011,75(3):597-604

Stable isotope analysis along with radiocarbon and luminescence dating of late Pleistocene lacustrine deposits at Burfu in the higher central Himalaya are used to interpret hydrologic changes in the lake basin. From 15.5 ka to ~ 14.5 ka the Burfu lake was largely fed by melting glaciers. A warming event at 14.5 ka suggests an enhanced monsoon and increased carbonate weathering. From ~ 13.5 ka to ~ 12.5 ka the isotopic data suggest large-amplitude climate variability. Following this, the isotope data suggest a short-lived, abrupt cooling event, comprising a ~ 300-yr intense cool period followed by a ~ 500-yr interval of moderate climate. A shift in isotope values at ~ 11.3 ka may signify a strengthening monsoon in this region. The inferred climatic excursions appear to be correlative, at least qualitatively, with global climatic events, and perhaps the Burfu lake sequence provides regional evidence of globally recorded excursions. This study also suggests a potential use of radiocarbon ages in specific environments as a paleoenvironmental proxy.  相似文献   

广州不同季风期近地面大气气溶胶中7Be与持久性有机污染物的同步观测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨永亮  史敬磊  张干  朱晓华  李勇  于寒青 《地球化学》2011,40(1):72-82

2006年8月-2007年7月,在广州市天河区以每周采集2～3天的采样频率连续12个月采集近地面大气气溶胶样品,同步测定近地面气溶胶中7Be和有机氯农药(OCPs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)、多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)等持久性有机污染物的浓度值.7Be浓度全年平均值为2.59 mBq/m3,最高值出现在5月(8.5 mBq/...  相似文献   

A prolonged warm and humid interval during marine isotope stage 13–15 as revealed by hydrographic reconstructions from the South China Sea (IMAGES MD972142)     

Pai-Sen Yu  Min-Te Chen   《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2011,40(6):349-1237

Variations of orbital-driven insolation, ice volume, and greenhouse gas effects have been proposed as major controlling factors in determining the timing and amplitude of Quaternary cyclic climate changes. However, it remains to be determined how the internal feedback in the tropical atmosphere and ocean and the coupling between the low- and high-latitude systems may have produced instability or non-cyclic changes in the long-term climate evolution. Such “abnormalities” have been reported increasingly from paleoclimatic reconstructions in East Asia and the western Pacific for a prolonged warm and humid climate interval during marine isotope stage (MIS) 13–15, ～475–610 kya. To better address the climate abnormality in MIS 13–15 that has been observed in the western Pacific, here we report high-resolution late Quaternary planktic foraminifer faunal abundance and faunal sea surface temperature (SST) records from the International Marine Past Global Change (IMAGES) program core MD972142, which was retrieved from the southeastern South China Sea (SCS). Our results indicate that the faunal assemblages and SSTs in the southeastern SCS express a substantially prolonged, unusual warm interglacial-type climate condition in MIS 13–15. The climate was abnormally warm during the cold MIS 14. Our study also suggests a lowering of sea surface salinity (SSS) during MIS 13–15. While the western Pacific climate experienced a persistently warm and humid period at MIS 14, a “normal” cooling (～2 °C) condition on the surface of the eastern equatorial Pacific existed concomitantly. While assessing possible interpretations of this “abnormal” climate interval in MIS 13–15, our study indicates that an enhanced interhemispheric and/or longitudinal temperature gradient across the basin-wide Pacific cannot be ruled out. A change in the sensitivity of the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) that controlled temperature and precipitation patterns in East Asia and the western Pacific is probably also important or responsible for this climate abnormality. Based on our evidence, we suggest that the tropical dynamics would have played a role in the climate abnormality in MIS 13–15, through maintaining or even increasing the longitudinal SST gradient in the equatorial Pacific, which may have intensified the low-latitude trade winds in the eastern component of the Walker Circulation that drove a longer duration and/or stronger intensity of the summer vs. winter EAM.  相似文献