印度季风对云南2002年6月6次大到暴雨过程影响分析   总被引：1，自引：6，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张腾飞  普贵明 《气象科学》2004,24(3):325-332

利用逐日Micaps 1°× 1°客观分析资料 ,合成分析了 2 0 0 2年 6月 6次大到暴雨过程的大尺度背景场 ,诊断分析了形成大到暴雨的水汽和动力条件。结果表明 :2 0 0 2年 6月的强降水主要由印度季风活动的影响产生 ,孟加拉湾是云南强降水的主要水汽源地 ,为其提供充沛的水汽条件 ,其水汽输送路径与云南降水落区关系密切 ,水汽通量辐合是云南产生强降水的必要条件 ,而川滇间的低涡切变是云南强降水的重要天气系统 ,提供了有利的背景条件及动力条件。  相似文献   

Morphology, mineralogy and magnetic susceptibility of epikarst-Terra Rossa developed in late Quaternary aeolianite deposits of southeastern Saurashtra, India     

Aniruddha S. Khadkikar  Nathani Basavaiah 《Geomorphology》2004,58(1-4):339-355

The nature and development of epikarst and soil development in aeolianites under a monsoonal climatic regime has not yet been described. Late Quaternary aeolianites of the southeastern coast of Saurashtra in western India show a wide array of epikarst and red-soil formation, and serve to typify the character of aeolianite weathering under a monsoonal climate. Three varieties of epikarst are identified that represent down-profile increase in groundwater flow. Five types of Terra Rossae represent a transition from the karstified limestone to soil development. Terra Rossae differ in the content of residual aeolianite and show both simple and complex profiles. The latter at places shows ped development. The results show that an ontogenetic (growth) sequence exists from incipient epikarst to complex palaeosols. This ontogenetic sequence represents an incremental increase in the groundwater budget of the region in response to changing intensification of the Indian monsoon rainfall. Magnetic properties of the Terra Rossae formed under a monsoonal climate are described for the first time. The magnetic susceptibility together with its frequency-dependent and anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) represents both the concentration of single domain and ultrafine superparamagnetic (SP) magnetite. The formation of single domain and superparamagnetic magnetite and hematite are linked genetically to weathering of the aeolianite that leads to the formation of Terra Rossa.  相似文献   

Climatic significance of δ18O records from an 80.36 m ice core in the East Rongbuk Glacier, Mount Qomolangma (Everest)     

Zhang Dongqi  QIN Dahe  HOU Shugui  KANG Shichang  REN Jiawen  Paul A.Mayewski 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(2)

The δ18O variations in an 80.36 m ice core retrieved in the accumulation zone of the East Rongbuk Glacier, Mount Qomolangma (Everest), is not consistent with changes of air temperature from both southern and northern slopes of Himalayas, as well as these of the temperature anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere. The negative relationship between the δ18O and the net accumulation records of the ice core suggests the "amount effect" of summer precipitation on the δ18O values in the region. Therefore, the δ18O records of the East Rongbuk ice core should be a proxy of Indian Summer Monsoon intensity, which shows lower δ18O values during strong monsoon phases and higher values during weak phases.  相似文献   

影响山东夏季降水的季风水汽输送特征分析     

王庆  刘诗军 《气象科学》2006,26(2):197-202

利用NCEP/NCAR月平均风场和比湿资料分析了亚洲季风区平均水汽输送通量的气候特征和季节变化;研究了山东旱涝年季风区水汽输送的差异及其在不同时段对山东夏季降水异常的贡献。结果表明,山东地区的平均水平水汽输送通量存在着明显的年际变化,纬向、经向和总水汽输送通量随时间均呈单峰曲线分布,7月达极值;影响山东夏季降水的印度季风区水汽输送以纬向为主、副热带季风区水汽输送以经向为主;5~6月,来自热带印度洋的西南季风水汽输送通量、西太平洋热带和副热带东南季风水汽输送通量以及南海北部的水汽输送通量对山东夏季降水均有贡献,涝年水汽输送通量明显大于旱年。虽然7月来自印度洋的西南季风水汽输送通量达极值,但对山东夏季降水异常的贡献并不显著,7~8月主要是来自西太平洋地区的热带和副热带季风水汽输送对山东夏季降水异常的贡献较明显。  相似文献   

以风场和湿度的显著季节变化确定全球季风的分布     

郑彬 《气象科学》2006,26(5):473-477

利用1958~2003年对流层相对湿度和风场(NCEP/NCAR再分析资料)的季节变化来定义盛行风的季节变化引起的天气气候明显变化的区域———季风区。通过分析表明,对流层低层的风场季节变率可以描述传统的季风区,但是在传统季风区以外,也有风场季节变率大的区域。利用中高层相对湿度的显著季节变化(热带地区季节变化大于20%,副热带地区大于10%,赤道地区以风向的季节变化大于90°)可以弥补风场季节变率的不足。由它们二者确定的季风区物理意义明确,有较大的合理性。  相似文献   

NCEP和ECMWF资料表征南海夏季风的差异   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

郑彬  谷德军  李春晖 《热带气象学报》2006,22(3):217-222

比较美国国家环境预报中心（NCEP）和欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）的再分析资料,分析了二者用低层风场表征南海夏季风上的差异.结果表明,NCEP得到的南海夏季风指数有明显的减小趋势,而ECMWF则没有;二者在年际尺度上都能较好地表征南海夏季风强度,而年代际尺度上有明显的位相差.与西沙站的探空资料比较结果表明,NCEP在经向风上更接近观测资料,而经向风的趋势变化正是西沙站西南风减小趋势的主要贡献项;ECMWF资料在年代际尺度变化上更接近观测资料.与1998年南海夏季风试验SCSMEX的再分析资料比较显示,NCEP资料在空间上与SCSMEX资料更相似.  相似文献   

西北太平洋夏季风的变化对台风生成的影响   总被引：40，自引：8，他引：40  

王慧  丁一汇  何金海 《气象学报》2006,64(3):345-356

研究了西北太平洋夏季风特征及其季风槽结构对台风生成的影响。当西北太平洋季风槽增强并向东扩展使季风加强时,西北太平洋的风速垂直切变、高低空辐散风、湿度和海温等都对台风的生成产生有利的影响,台风数明显比季风槽弱时多。而且对台风生成的位置也有很大的影响,即季风槽强时,台风的生成位置偏东,季风槽弱时台风的位置偏西。这表明西北太平洋夏季风主要是通过季风槽活动影响台风的生成。而夏季风的强弱对台风也有影响,在西北太平洋夏季风的活跃阶段,西北太平洋夏季风强时,台风生成的比较多,夏季风中断时台风生成的比较少。西北太平洋夏季风通过季风的季节内振荡对西北太平洋台风也有显著的影响。季节内振荡对台风生成的影响主要以30—60 d振荡为主。在这种低频振荡对流活动的湿位相时期台风生成个数明显多,干位相时期台风生成的少。而且低频振荡的西风位相也有利于台风生成,在东风位相时生成的台风少。另外,还研究了多台风期西北太平洋夏季的特征(群发性),发现在这些时期,存在强的季风槽,弱的垂直切变与充足的水汽供应。这表明西北太平洋台风时空的群发性与夏季风活动的异常密切相关。  相似文献   

Monsoon control on trace metal fluxes in the deep Arabian Sea     

T. M. Balakrishnan Nair 《Journal of Earth System Science》2006,115(4):461-472

Particulate fluxes of aluminium, iron, magnesium and titanium were measured using six time-series sediment traps deployed in the eastern, central and western Arabian Sea. Annual Al fluxes at shallow and deep trap depths were 0.47 and 0.46 g m^-2 in the western Arabian Sea, and 0.33 and 0.47 g m^-2 in the eastern Arabian Sea. There is a difference of about 0.9–1.8 g m^-2y^-1 in the lithogenic fluxes determined analytically (residue remaining after leaching out all biogenic particles) and estimated from the Al fluxes in the western Arabian Sea. This arises due to higher fluxes of Mg (as dolomite) in the western Arabian Sea (6–11 times higher than the eastern Arabian Sea). The estimated dolomite fluxes at the western Arabian Sea site range from 0.9 to 1.35gm^-2y^-1. Fe fluxes in the Arabian Sea were less than that of the reported atmospheric fluxes without any evidence for the presence of labile fraction/excess of Fe in the settling particles. More than 75% of Al, Fe, Ti and Mg fluxes occurred during the southwest (SW) monsoon in the western Arabian Sea. In the eastern Arabian Sea, peak Al, Fe, Mg and Ti fluxes were recorded during both the northeast (NE) and SW monsoons. During the SW monsoon, there exists a time lag of around one month between the increases in lithogenic and dolomite fluxes. Total lithogenic fluxes increase when the southern branch of dust bearing northwesterlies is dragged by the SW monsoon winds to the trap locations. However, the dolomite fluxes increase only when the northern branch of the northwesterlies (which carries a huge amount of dolomite accounting 60% of the total dust load) is dragged, from further north, by SW monsoon winds. The potential for the use of Mg/Fe ratio as a paleo-monsoonal proxy is examined.  相似文献   

Seasonal and Interannual Variations of Upper Tropospheric Water Vapor Band Brightness Temperature over the Global Monsoon Regions     

钱维宏  朱亚芬  谢安  叶谦 《大气科学进展》1998,(3)

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Monsoon circulation related to enso phase-locking     

Xu Jianjun  Zhu Qiangen  Zhou Tiehan 《大气科学进展》1998,15(2):267-276

The relation of interannual anomaly of East Asian monsoon to the ENSO cycle is investigated in terms of even and odd symmetry analysis over a tropical heating field based on the past 30-year data. Evidence suggests that odd and even symmetry components related to the monsoon and Walker heating, respectively, effectively describe the East Asian monsoon circulation and Pacific Walker analog, with the monsoon intensity index corresponding to its heating vigor and western Pacific Walker heating vigor to ENSO phase change, both types of heating marked by pro-nounced seasonal variation and phase-locking; the key region for linking monsoon-ENSO interaction is the western Pacific warm pool; the monsoon effect upon ENSO cycle is affected jointly by the seasonal evolution and interannual anomaly of the heating components; the superimposition of an anti-Walker circulation phase produced by interannual winter monsoon perturbation upon a weaker Walker phase on a seasonal basis leads to an El Nino hap-pening in March-April and plays a significant role in maintaining a warm ENSO phase.  相似文献