Intertidal Invertebrate and Algal Communities on the Rocky Shores of the Bay of Morbihan, Kerguelen (South Indian Ocean)   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

John M.  Lawrence James B.  McClintock 《Marine Ecology》1987,8(3):207-220

Abstract. Both the emergent surfaces and tide pools of the rocky intertidal shores of the Bay of Morbihan, Kerguelen are depauperate in number of macroinvertebrate and macroalgal species. Diversity (H') was high and similar for macroinvertebrates in tide pools from the high to low intertidal and on the emergent surface exposed at extreme low-tide when calculated in terms of numbers of individuals. H' was lower when calculated in terms of energy and twice as high for the tide pool in the high intertidal than the lower tide-pools and the emergent surface. H' for macroalgae was 0 in the highest tide-pool and highest in the lower tide-pools. The density/species-rank curves for the macroinvertebrates and the macroalgae are logarithmic but vary in linearity. Algal biomass was 37 % of the macroinvertebrate biomass on the emergent surface at the extreme low-tide, but 106% in the highest tide-pool. Twenty-three months after denudation of the tide pools, the ratios of total densities of the macroinvertebrates (ind m^-2) to the original densities were 48 % for the pool in the high intertidal, 25 % for the middle tide-pool, and 4 % for the pool in the low intertidal. The diversity indexes for the macroinvertebrates were similar to the original ones. Recolonization at Kerguelen is slow and shows an intertidal gradient. The composition of the rocky intertidal community at Kerguelen results from the rigorous physical environment and the small number and functional types of species. In the absence of major predators on macroinvertebrates and of herbivores on macroalgae, interaction among the species present seems to be competitive in nature.  相似文献   

穿透性太阳短波辐射对混合层深度的影响     

刘志亮  褚忠信 《海洋湖沼通报》2007,(2):19-25

用数值方法研宄穿透性太阳短波辐射对混合层深度的影响时,有些学者人为地设定了风速和热通量。这种做法可能会出现风速和热通量数值不匹配的问题。为了弥补这一缺陷,本文采用国内外常用的块体公式计算热通量的方法来代替人为设置,并以北太平洋为例,研究了穿透性太阳短波辐射对海洋混合层深度的影响。结果表明:低风速(U10<10m／s),且海表短波净辐射处于40～200 W／m2时,穿透性太阳短波辐射对混合层深度影响很显著;高风速(U10>10m／s)和短波净辐射高值区(S*(0)>200 W／m2),穿透性太阳短波辐射对混合层深度的影响较小。  相似文献   

北太平洋海浪场时空变化特征分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

刘金芳  江伟  俞慕耕  尼建军  梁广建 《热带海洋学报》2002,21(3):64-69

根据1950—1995年共46a的北太平洋船舶气象报资料,对按5°×5°网格统计的海浪要素进行分析,阐明了北太平洋浪、涌的特点及其变化规律。该区赤道地区常年盛行东北浪,冬季海浪比夏季强盛,相应的平均波高、大浪大涌频率也较大。该海域与北印度洋同属季风气候区,但其特点正好相反。  相似文献   

海洋和海岸工程可靠度分析的几个问题     

刘德辅 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(Z1)

研究可靠度分析中的几个重要问题：１．直接求解非高斯过程、具有不同相关性的多变量情况下的结构失效概率问题；２．荷载的不确定性分析及其订正；３．荷载的相关性对结构失效概率的影响及灵敏度分析．作为实例对直立堤和导管架平台进行计算．  相似文献   

Isolation and phylogenetic assignation of actinomycetes in the marine sediments from the Arctic Ocean   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

YU Yong  LI Huirong  ZENG Yinxin  CHEN Bo 《海洋学报(英文版)》2005,24(6):135-142

Actinomycetes in five marine sediments collected from the Arctic Ocean at depths of 43 to 3 050 m were cultivated using a variety of media. A total of 61 actinomycete colonies with substrate mycelia only were observed, and no colonies with aerial mycelia were observed under aerobic conditions at 15 ℃. From these colonies, 28 were selected to represent different morphological types.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to check the purity of isolates and select representatives for subsequent sequencing. Phylogentic analyses based on nearly full-length 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) sequences indicated that the actinomycetes isolated were accommodated within genus Rhodococcus of family Nocardiaceae, genus Dietzia of family Dietziaceae,genera Janibacter and Terrabacter of family Instrasporangiaceae and genera Kocuria and Arthrobacter of family Micrococcaceae. One of the strains (P27-24) from the deep-sea sediment at depth of 3 050 m was found to be identical in 16S rDNA sequence(1474/1474)with the radiation-resistant Kocuria rosea ATCC 187T isolated from air. More than halfofthe isolates showed the similarities ranging from 99.5% to 99.9% in 16S rDNA sequence to dibenzofran-degrading, butyl 2-ethylhexanoate-hydrolysising and nitrile-metabolizing actinomycetes. All the strains isolated were psychrotolerant bacteria and grew better on the media prepared with natural seawater than on the media prepared with deionized water. Three of them (Dietzia sp. P27-10, Rhodococcus sp. S11-3 and Rhodococcus sp.P11-5)had an obligate growth requirement for salt, confirming that these strains are indigenous marine actinomycetes.  相似文献   

New Determinations of the Ages of Tide in the North Atlantic Ocean     

E. Gil  C. de Toro 《Marine Geodesy》2005,28(3):231-249

Ages of tide provide relevant information about the spatial distribution of existing anomalies in the normal modes of the oceans, because a delay may be associated with bottom friction energy dissipation, closely located resonances, bathymetric gradients, or radiational effects. The determination of other parameters, such as the age of diurnal tide or age of parallax, also provide further knowledge about the ocean's hydrodynamical response to acting forces. Following the development of new ocean models and the availability of a greater amount of data, these parameters can be redetermined. We present the spatial distribution of these parameters in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, obtained from 507 stations. The results are discussed in terms of bathymetric models, coastal features, sea surface temperature, wind and other environmental factors.  相似文献   

海洋对热带气旋响应的研究

Ⅰ.海洋对静止、移速不同的热带气旋响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱建荣  秦曾灏 《海洋与湖沼》1995,26(2):146-153

建立一个二层非线性原始方程海洋模式，用以研究海洋对静止和以不同移速移动的热带气旋的响应。数值试验结果表明，海洋对静止ＴＣ的响应，具有不对移性；在ＴＣ中心处，抽吸使混合层变浅，在ＴＣ最大风速半径处，大风夹卷明显使ＭＬ加深和海表温下降；海洋对移动ＴＣ的响应，具有右偏性，且随移速加快而加剧。ＭＬ深度和ＳＳＴ的变化对ＴＣ移速十分敏感，而海流则不同。  相似文献   

热带三大洋海表温度和云水关系的初探     

刘秦玉  秦婷 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(3):345-350

热带太平洋、大西洋和热带印度洋是全球海洋-大气相互作用最显著的海域。为了探讨热带三大洋局地海洋-大气相互作用中的某些特征,利用新的卫星遥感资料对热带三大洋的云水和海表温度(SST)异常变化进行了统计相关分析。研究发现:在赤道太平洋和赤道大西洋云水和SST二者在超前或滞后5周内都呈现明显的正相关关系,表明3个赤道海域云水和SST之间具有明显的相互作用正反馈机制;在热带西印度洋SST异常超前CLW异常一周时,正相关系数最大,SST的变化导致云水的变化;而在以较冷海水为下垫面的赤道外东北太平洋,东南太平洋以及赤道外的南大西洋海域,二者呈明显的负相关关系,云水的变化会引起SST的变化。位于菲律宾以东的热带西北太平洋区,云水量的变化引起SST的变化;而赤道东印度洋暖池区即存在云水量的增加(减少)引起SST降低(升高)的现象,也存在SST降低(升高)引起云水量的减少(增加)的现象。以上结果将为进一步理解海洋-大气相互作用,在数值模式中正确设计海洋-大气边界层参数化方案提供参考。  相似文献   

海洋声学测温及声层析法     

尚尔昌 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,(1)

海洋声层析法作为检测海洋内部变化一有力手段，正面临着海洋声学大尺度观测新挑战。本文就海洋声传播的绝热近似；声传播时间的非线性偏移；声速剖面的线性及非线性反演等与声学大尺度观测相关的一些水声学问题的发展现状及存在问题等进行了综述性论述。文中还介绍了赫德岛预演实验等利用声层析法观测海洋内部变化的一些具体应用例  相似文献   

太平洋波高成份研究     

韩树宗  朱大勇  郭佩芳 《海洋湖沼通报》2003,(4):14-21

利用Topex／Poseidon卫星高度计1992年10月到1998年12月连续75个月，230个重复周期的有效波高资料对南北太平洋的波高成份进行了分析，结果显示所有的月份，频数密度峰值对应的波高成份因子为1．4，以赤道太平洋海域最高为1．6，南北太平洋海域为1．2左右。7、8、9、10月份太平洋涌浪成份占频数密度累积率的比例大于95％，其余各月占90%左右，表明太平洋海域波高成份以涌浪为主。  相似文献