Review of maritime transportation air emission pollution and policy analysis     

WANG Haifeng）  *  LIU Dahai）    DAI Guilin） ） University of Delaware  Newark  Robinson Hall DE  USA ） First Institute of Oceanography  State Oceanic Administration of China  Qingdao  P. R. China ） College of Economics  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(3):283-290

The study of air emission in maritime transportation is new, and the recognition of its importance has been rising in the recent decade. The emissions of CO2, SO2, NO2 and particulate matters from maritime transportation have contributed to climate change and environmental degradation. Scientifically, analysts still have controversies regarding how to calculate the emissions and how to choose the baseline and methodologies. Three methods are generally used, namely the ‘bottom up’ approach, the ‘top down’ ap...  相似文献   

太湖西南部河流流域的营养盐排放   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

许朋柱  秦伯强  HorstBehrendt  章永鹏  艾敏  沈顺雨 《湖泊科学》2007,19(5):544-551

以MONERIS河流系统模型为基础,建立了由农业土地营养盐平衡模型、流域营养盐排放模型及河道营养盐滞留模型3个模型组成的模型系统.该系统被用来计算太湖西南部河流流域的营养盐排放量.利用实测的河流系统的负荷数据,对模型系统进行验证.验证结果表明,N、P计算负荷与实测负荷的偏差分别在10%及30%以内.利用该系统,对1992-1996年及1997-2001年间的营养盐排放量进行计算.计算结果表明,1997-2001年间的氮的年平均排放量为5646 t/a,该排放量比前5年的年均排放量减少827 t/a.从磷的排放量来看,1997-2001年间的年排放量为554 t/a,比前5年的均值减少45 t/a.分析结果表明,与1992-1996年相比,1997-2001年间的点源排放量及农业土地营养盐剩余量的减少是流域营养盐排放量减少的主要原因.  相似文献   

Role of nuclear energy,geothermal energy,agriculture, and urbanization in environmental stewardship     

《Gondwana Research》2024

The global issue of atmospheric variations and global warming caused by diverse anthropogenic behaviors is a global concern. There is apprehension about preserving an uncontaminated atmosphere and attaining optimal nuclear and geothermal energy utilization with agriculture sector development. In this regard, this paper investigates the influence of nuclear energy, geothermal energy, agriculture development, and urbanization on carbon emissions and ecological footprint from 1990Q1 to 2019Q4 in the case of China. The findings of unit root tests reveal that all variables are stationary at first integration order, and cointegration test findings confirm the presence of long-run relationships among series. The quantile autoregressive distributive lag (QARDL) method findings demonstrate that nuclear energy, geothermal energy, and urbanization statistically correlate with CO2 emissions and ecological footprint across all quantiles, indicating that these determinants have contributed to environmental degradation. Whereas agricultural development has a statistically significant and negative influence on the environment, implying that agriculture has a pollution-mitigation impact. Based on these empirical findings, several policy implications are presented to preserve environmental quality to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target.  相似文献   

中国海洋渔业碳平衡状态及影响因素研究          下载免费PDF全文

田昊东  孙圣杰  李伟波  乔之怡 《海洋科学》2023,47(9):81-90

低碳是海洋循环经济实现的重要途径,实现海洋渔业的碳平衡是海洋传统经济转变的重要发展方式。本文通过对2013—2022年全国及沿海9省(区)的海洋捕捞碳排放量与碳汇量测算,在此基础上分析了全国及沿海9省(区)的碳平衡状态,并利用灰色关联度分析碳平衡状态影响因素的关联度。结果表明除2020年-2022年山东省的碳平衡状态为盈余外,其他均为碳赤字状态。对于碳平衡状态的影响因素,总体来看全国与沿海9省(区)关联度较大的是海洋捕捞产量、捕捞人员数量和海水养殖面积。最后从加快渔船的升级改造与更新淘汰、调整捕捞的作业方式、提高海水养殖贝藻类的养殖规模以及加快渔业专业合作组织的建立和加速推广渔业碳汇交易提出相关对策建议,以期尽快地实现海洋渔业的碳平衡。  相似文献   

Fairness critically conditions the carbon budget allocation across countries     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

Countries’ nationally determined contributions to mitigate global warming translate to claims of country specific shares of the remaining carbon budget. The remaining global budget is limited by the aim of staying well below 2 °C, however. Here we show how fairness concerns quantitatively condition the allocation of this global carbon budget across countries. Minimal fairness requirements include securing basic needs, attributing historical responsibility for past emissions, accounting for benefits from past emissions, and not exceeding countries’ societally feasible emission reduction rate. The argument in favor of taking into account these fairness concerns reflects a critique of both simple equality- and sovereignty-principled reduction approaches, the former modelled here as the equal-per-capita distribution from now on, the latter as prolonging the inequality of the status-quo levels of emissions into the transformation period (considered a form of “grandfathering”). We find the option most in line with fairness concerns to be a four-fold qualified version of the equal-per-capita approach that incorporates a limited form of grandfathering.  相似文献