共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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文章针对海洋渔业由于过度捕捞造成渔业资源枯竭的问题,提出了一种基于海洋遥感(ORS)、全球定位系统(GPS)和海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)等高新技术的海洋捕捞与海水养殖监管系统设计方案,可以远程自动对海洋渔业区域的水质多参数信息和养殖环境视频信息进行综合采集、传输及监控,也可以自动采集传输渔船RFID身份识别信息、渔船AIS自动识别信息、渔船GPS定位信息和捕捞生产视频信息等,并通过海洋精细渔业专家系统ES进行渔业养殖监控、渔业环境资源监测评估、渔船船数和功率数控制和海洋捕捞生产渔情监测等。该系统可以实现海洋渔业精细化捕捞和海洋渔业精细化养殖,促进海洋渔业可持续发展。 相似文献
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为减缓全球变暖趋势,海洋碳汇逐渐进入人们的视野,在此基础上我国提出了碳汇渔业的发展理念,可直接或间接实现降低大气中CO2浓度。本研究以辽宁省海水养殖贝藻类主要品种（海带、裙带菜、牡蛎、贻贝、扇贝、蛤、蛏和蚶）为碳汇研究对象,依据《中国渔业统计年鉴》中2010—2019年辽宁省海水养殖贝藻类碳汇的相关数据对辽宁贝藻海洋碳汇能力进行了定量评估。结果表明,辽宁省通过养殖海藻和贝类的方式,10年间总计碳移出量约为26773万t,相当于减排了98257万t CO2。有效地证明了海水养殖贝藻类碳汇具有巨大的生态效益,也对辽宁渔业发展有着很可观的经济效益,同时对我国达成碳达峰和碳中和目标具有一定程度的推动性。 相似文献
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为更加清晰和客观地认知我国海洋渔业的发展情况,促进海洋渔业转方式、调结构,推动农业现代化建设和渔业经济发展,文章以供给侧结构性改革为背景,以海洋捕捞和海水养殖为主要内容,从供给规模、产业结构、地区分布、品种结构和生产方式5个方面,梳理我国海洋渔业的供给和结构;分析我国海洋渔业供给侧存在的主要问题,包括海洋生态环境破坏和渔业资源衰退、海洋捕捞过度以及海水养殖效率、方式和品种结构不合理。在此基础上,提出我国海洋渔业供给侧结构性改革的建议:加强海洋生态环境保护,合理有序开发利用海洋渔业资源;控制近海捕捞强度,发展远洋渔业;转变养殖发展方式,优化养殖品种结构。 相似文献
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为了解渤海湾近十年来渔业碳汇能力,本研究汇总了渤海湾地区2010-2020年海水养殖的品种和产量。通过建立不同养殖品种固碳能力评估体系,计算了不同养殖品种对渔业碳汇的贡献和渤海湾近十年海水养殖固碳总量。结果表明,2010-2020年渤海湾海水养殖以池塘养殖为主要养殖模式,年固碳量从2010年的5.79万吨增至2020年的11.04万吨,十年内共计固碳96.0万吨,平均碳转化比为12.5%,其中山东省贡献超过65%。该探索对建立“渔业碳汇”计算的指标体系、科学发展碳汇渔业、提升海洋碳汇生态价值具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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为发展我国海洋渔业经济,促进海洋渔业资源的开发利用和渔业产业结构的优化升级,文章基于灰色关联分析,研究我国海洋渔业产业结构,并提出相应建议。研究结果表明:我国海洋渔业产业发展不平衡,第一产业占比较大;产量和产值保持平稳较快增长,海水养殖业和第三产业发展较快;与海洋渔业发展的关联程度由大到小依次为水产品加工业、海洋捕捞业、海水养殖业、休闲渔业;未来我国海洋渔业应大力发展远洋捕捞和海水养殖、科学延伸水产品加工产业链、促进渔业科技进步以及积极推动休闲渔业的发展,促进形成"三、二、一"型的产业结构。 相似文献
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香港渔业主要由三部分组成:内陆养殖、沿岸海水养殖和海洋捕捞。海洋渔业产量占总产量的96%,内陆渔业仅占4%(见表1)。香港渔业总产值在全港生产总值中所占比例不到1%。1982年,渔民人数占就业人口总数的0.94%。 相似文献
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南通市是海洋渔业大市,海洋捕捞产量是全省的半壁江山,海水养殖占全省的40%以上。针对海洋渔业生产是典型的高投入、高劳动强度、受自然灾害影响很大的劳动密集型高风险产业特点,近年来,南通市海洋与渔业局,根据国家、省安全生产法规以及《江苏省渔业管 相似文献
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海洋渔业资源是保障沿海各国粮食安全、经济社会发展及人民福祉的重要资源。近年来,由于世界渔业资源日渐衰退,海洋捕捞产量逐步下降,世界各国纷纷转变发展理念,以养为主、以捕为辅,加快发展现代化海水养殖业。未来,随着世界各国渔业资源养护与修复措施的加强,海洋渔业捕捞产量将趋于稳定,海水养殖业将在发达国家和地区的引领下向深水化、集约化方向发展。我国应借鉴发达国家和地区的先进经验,结合未来世界海洋渔业的发展趋势,发展可持续的捕捞渔业和生态友好的现代化海水养殖业。 相似文献
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China(herein referred as China’s mainland,and excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)ranks as the world’s leading fishing nation,with approximately 11.1 million tons of domestic marine catch acquired in 2017.Marine fisheries resources in China are mainly exploited by its 11 coastal provinces and municipalities,and the development of fishing industry varies among them.However,few studies have examined the exploitation history of the 11 coastal provinces and municipalities.In this paper,we systematically quantified the exploitation history of marine fishery resources in China and then measured the vulnerability of the 11 coastal provinces and municipalities of China to a reduction in marine catches.Our analysis suggested that Chinese marine fisheries experienced rapid growth from the mid-1980 s to the end of the 20 th century,and this rapid increase in marine catches were mainly promoted by increased fishing effort.The total primary production required level amounted to approximately 80%of the average primary productivity in 2017,and Zhejiang,Fujian,Shandong,Hainan and Guangdong provinces were the main fishing provinces in China.By assessing three dimensions of vulnerability(exposure,sensitivity and adaptive capacity)to the impacts of a reduction in marine catches in the 11 coastal provinces and municipalities,we found that Hainan,Guangxi,Zhejiang and Fujian provinces had high or very high vulnerability,while the municipalities of Shanghai and Tianjin had low vulnerability.Identifying suitable adaptation policies and management plans based on the differences in vulnerability among coastal provinces is important in sustainable fisheries management. 相似文献
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为应对海洋渔业发展新挑战，促进渔业经济与生态环境协同发展，践行全面协调可持续发展要求。文章基于2009—2019年我国沿海省(自治区、直辖市)数据，运用包含生态环境的随机前沿生产函数、泰尔指数分别量化我国海洋渔业绿色生产效率及其地区差异与变化程度，并对其影响因素进行回归分析。结果表明：(1)2009—2019年我国海洋渔业绿色生产效率呈现逐年上升的趋势，但整体水平仍不高，随着海洋渔业绿色生产效率水平的逐步提升，其增长率呈下降趋势；(2)泰尔指数逐年降低，表明我国海洋渔业绿色生产效率的区域差异正逐渐缩小；(3)海洋渔业经济总产值占地区GDP比重、海洋捕捞产量占海水产品产量比重、渔业从业人员专业化程度、水产技术推广经费对我国海洋渔业绿色生产效率产生显著的正向影响，水产品因污染造成损失产生负向影响。据此提出加强海洋资源监测、强化海洋渔业科技支撑、转变渔业发展模式等对策建议。 相似文献
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本研究选取海洋渔业固定资产投资额、海洋渔业劳动力数量、海洋捕捞生产率和海水养殖生产率4个变量,提出影响因素假设;选取我国沿海地区海洋渔业的面板数据,进行模型设定和数据检验。通过确定变截距固定效应的回归模型形式,对模型进行估计和分析,结果表明:海洋渔业固定资产投资额、海洋渔业劳动力数量和海水养殖生产率与海洋渔业经济呈正相关,影响度由大到小依次为劳动力因素、资本因素和生产率因素,而海洋捕捞生产率的影响基本不显著;各地区海洋渔业经济发展程度不一,且差距明显。在此基础上,提出促进我国海洋渔业经济发展的对策建议:加强专业人才集聚;提高资本投入,完善资本市场建设;提高海水养殖生产率,数量和品质兼备;推动区域一体化联动发展。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
This study presents the response of fisheries management to the extreme climatic events that affect marine capture fisheries and mariculture in Taiwan. Two regional approaches that can be applied universally to help capture fisheries and mariculture adapt to extreme weather events are also proposed. In the winter of 2008, an anomalously strong and continuous northeasterly wind caused by a La Niña event drove the cold China Coastal Current southward to penetrate the southern Taiwan Strait, and a portion of this current intruded eastward to the southern Penghu Archipelago. The cold current intrusion appreciably damaged marine aquaculture and the wild fish population, causing the death of more than 73 t of wild fish and 80% of cage aquaculture fish at the Penghu Islands. This extremely cold seawater event occurred between late January and the beginning of February 2008. To recover fishery resources around the waters of Penghu, fishery-related agencies adapted recovery measures over 3 years starting in April 2008 that included hatchery juvenile release, environmental monitoring, fishery subsidies, and ecological field investigations. This study suggests that responding to extreme climatic influences on fisheries and mariculture should include (1) establishing an early warning system by connecting fisheries agencies and marine research institutions to assist decision makers in performing time-adaptive measures, (2) temporarily suspending fishing activities after the occurrence of a natural disaster to help recover fishery resources and ecosystems, (3) altering the governance of farming fishing right so that fish farmers can temporarily transfer their aquaculture cages from high-risk areas to waters outside the influence of extreme weather events, and (4) continually filing surveys to understand the recovery status of marine ecosystems. 相似文献
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数字经济与海洋渔业的融合发展是海洋渔业高质量发展的重要动力。文章选择2012—2019年我国11个沿海地区的相关数据,实证研究数字经济对海洋渔业高质量发展的影响及其内在的作用机理和潜在的异质性。研究结果表明：从直接效应来看,数字经济对沿海地区海洋渔业高质量发展具有显著的正向推动作用,其影响强度由长三角地区、珠三角地区、黄渤海地区依次减弱;从中介效应来看,沿海地区和三大地区的产业结构升级在数字经济助推海洋渔业高质量发展的过程中都具有中介效应;就分地区样本来看,长三角地区、珠三角地区和黄渤海地区产业结构升级的中介效应以及产业结构升级对海洋渔业高质量发展的影响强度依次减弱。基于此,文章从大力发展数字经济、因地制定数字经济发展战略和促进产业结构升级等方面,为推动海洋渔业高质量发展提供政策建议。 相似文献
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为保护我国近海渔业资源,实现海洋渔业的绿色发展,文章梳理我国近海渔业资源开发利用状况,结合存在的问题及其对海洋生态环境的影响,提出对策建议。研究结果表明:2017年我国近海海水养殖产量同比略有提高,海洋捕捞产量同比略有降低;2008—2017年养殖空间有所优化,以筏式养殖和底播养殖为主,深水网箱养殖和工厂化养殖的产量显著提高,海洋捕捞以拖网捕捞为主;我国近海渔业资源开发利用存在海水养殖能力与养殖面积不相称、养殖空间日趋萎缩和超负荷、养殖低效以及海洋捕捞能力不均和强度较高等问题,给海洋生态环境带来污染海水环境、占用生态空间和破坏渔业资源等不利影响,亟须完善海洋生态补偿制度、促进渔业资源恢复和合理开发利用渔业资源。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2015
Marine renewable energy (MRE), though a relative newcomer to the ocean and coastal commons, has become a significant driver of marine spatial planning in the US, posing particular challenges to commercial fisheries and fishing communities. State and federal agencies with primary oversight for MRE development have focused on the identification of places where MRE might proceed unhindered by other uses, most notably coastal fisheries. These agencies and MRE developers have focused on potential space-use conflict and standard mitigation measures for loss of access to that space. However, discussions with fishery participants and other community members, as well as observations of processes on the US West and East Coasts, reveal a complex, multi-faceted social–ecological system not easily parsed out among users, nor amenable to classic mitigation formulas. Recent ethnographic research on potential space-use conflicts and mitigation for MRE demonstrates that marine space use is dynamic and multi-dimensional, with important linkages among fisheries, communities and other interests. Although experiences vary within and across regions and fishing communities, this research illustrates the weak position of fishing communities in marine spatial planning in the context of MRE development. This paper considers the implications of MRE for US East and West Coast fisheries and fishing communities situated within the larger context of neoliberalism and commodification of the ocean commons. 相似文献
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研究海洋渔业产业结构优化对碳排放的影响,对于促进海洋渔业高质量发展具有重要的现实意义。文章基于2008—2017年我国沿海9省(自治区)的面板数据,运用数据包络方法计算海洋渔业碳排放效率,并采用空间计量模型,探讨海洋渔业产业结构优化对碳排放效率的影响。研究结果表明:我国海洋渔业碳排放效率的地区差异显著,除河北和广西外,其他地区均具有较高的海洋渔业碳排放效率;从空间特征看,海洋渔业产业结构优化水平具有显著的空间集聚性,海洋渔业碳排放效率也存在一定的空间依赖性,碳排放效率的"高-高"集聚特征较为明显;从回归结果看,海洋渔业产业结构优化和海洋渔业经济水平对海洋渔业碳排放效率具有显著的正向影响,这种影响不仅作用于本地区,而且辐射和扩散到邻近地区;渔民收入、渔业科研投入和渔业对外开放水平对海洋渔业碳排放效率存在一定的负面影响。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2014
Managing small-scale fisheries in a developing country like the Philippines is very challenging because of high pressures from expanding fishing population, poverty and lack of alternative options. Thus, resource-focused fisheries management initiatives such as marine protected area (MPA) establishment will likely result in further marginalization of the poor fishers which could pose more serious problems in coastal communities. In this study, the status of small-scale fisheries in 44 coastal towns in the Philippines was assessed using FISHDA (Fishing Industries' Support in Handling Decisions Application), a simple decision support tool which requires minimal or easily-generated data. Results showed that 68% (30 out of 44) of the studied towns have unsustainable fisheries unless 58% of their fishing grounds are protected from all fishing activities. Alternatively, 53% of the active fishers in towns with unsustainable fisheries must totally stop fishing to avert fishery collapse. Alarming as it may sound, this is still an underestimate as catches incurred by the highly efficient and destructive illegal fishing activities such as blast, poison and large-scale fishing, which are reported to be still rampant in many coastal areas in the Philippines, were not accounted for in this study. This study demonstrated that MPAs alone may not be enough to avert fishery collapse even if MPA size is increased from the current 3% to 15% of the municipal waters, i.e. up to 15 km from the shore, as required by the Philippine law. Various challenges confronting the fishery and important recommendations to address them are further discussed. 相似文献